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Harga bahan bakar yang terus meningkat memaksa produsen otomotif untuk melakukan inovasi dalam meningkatkan efisiensi bahan bakar. Kendaraan hibrida khususnya konfigurasi Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle telah terbukti mampu meningkatkan efisiensi bahan bakar. Kunci utama dalam meningkatkan efisiensi bahan bakar kendaraan hibrida terdapat pada pengendali Energy Management System yang mengatur kinerja mesin dan motor sehingga kendaraan dapat bekerja pada rentang kerja yang optimal. Desain sistem kendali akan menggunakan pengendali berbasis algoritma shortest path dalam mengendalikan Energy Management System pada konfigurasi Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle sehingga mampu mengoptimalkan pembagian daya selama perjalanan yang siklus berkendaranya telah diketahui sebelumnya. Perancangan dalam desain pengendalian dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi model sistem kendaraan yang digunakan untuk mengetahui jumlah bahan bakar yang digunakan. Kemudian dari model sistem tersebut akan dicari nilai bahan bakar yang dibutuhkan selama berkendara dengan berbagai kemungkinan selama siklus berkendara. Lalu akan dibuat pengendali dengan mencari rute terpendek untuk menghasilkan urutan sinyal kendali dengan nilai yang paling optimal dan efisien. Tujuan dari sistem pengendalian ini adalah untuk menentukan besaran pembagian kinerja mesin dan motor sehingga kendaraan dapat bekerja dalam keadaan yang paling efisien. Hasil dari penelitian membuktikan bahwa pengendali dengan algoritma shortest path mampu mengatur pembagian torsi mesin pembakaran internal dengan motor listrik dengan nilai yang optimal.

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Increasing fuel price has forced automotive manufacturers to innovate in increasing fuel efficiency. Hybrid vehicles, especially Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle configuration have been proven to be able to improve fuel efficiency. The main key in term of fuel efficiency of hybrid vehicles is the controller of the Energy Management System that manages the performance of the engine and motor so that the vehicle can work in the optimal working range. The control system design will utilize a controller using shortest path algorithm to control the Energy Management System in the Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle configuration so it can optimize power distribution during the trip in which the driving cycle has been previously known. The design of the control design is done by identifying the vehicle system model that is used to determine total fuel used during driving. Then from the model, it will find the fuel value needed while driving with various possibilities during the driving cycle. Then controller will be made to produce control signal  sequences with the most optimal and efficient value. The purpose of this control system is to determine the distribution of engine and motor performance so that the vehicle can work in the most efficient conditions. The results of the study prove that controller using shortest path algorithm are able to control torque distribution from internal combustion engine and electric motor with optimal value.

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"PT. Krakatau Steel (Persero) Tbk (PTKS) telah mengadopsi Sistem Manajemen Mutu, Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3), serta Lingkungan. Namun, PTKS mengalami kendala dalam penilaian Penghargaan Industri Hijau dan Program Penilaian Peringkat Kinerja Perusahaan dalam Pengelolaan Lingkungan (PROPER), terutama dalam menerapkan sistem manajemen energi sesuai klausul ISO 50001. Integrasi sistem manajemen energi dengan sistem manajemen mutu, K3 dan lingkungan dilakukan dengan membandingkan standar ISO dengan proses bisnis di PTKS, termasuk perencanaan konteks organisasi, kebijakan manajemen, identifikasi risiko, alokasi sumber daya, dan pengembangan sistem pendokumentasian terpadu. Proses integrasi juga melibatkan langkah-langkah dalam audit internal dan tinjauan manajemen. Dengan mengintegrasikan sistem manajemen, PTKS menghindari tumpang tindih antara proses dan prosedur terpisah. Integrasi ini mencakup pengembangan kebijakan dan prosedur terpadu untuk operasional yang beragam. Peran kode etik keinsinyuran penting dalam integrasi sistem manajemen, memastikan integritas, kejujuran, dan profesionalisme dalam kegiatan seperti gap analysis dan audit internal. Kode etik keinsinyuran juga memastikan data yang digunakan akurat, terpercaya, dan dikelola dengan benar. Dengan demikian, integrasi sistem manajemen energi dengan sistem manajemen lainnya di PTKS meningkatkan keselarasan dan efektivitas operasional perusahaan dalam menjaga keberlanjutan lingkungan dan meningkatkan kinerja secara keseluruhan.

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PT. Krakatau Steel (Persero) Tbk (PTKS) has adopted the Quality Management System, Occupational Health and Safety (K3), and Environmental Management System. However, PTKS faces challenges in the assessment of the Green Industry Award and the Company Performance Rating Program in Environmental Management (PROPER), particularly in implementing the energy management system according to ISO 50001 clauses. The integration of the energy management system with the quality management, K3, and environmental systems is conducted by comparing ISO standards with business processes at PTKS, including organizational context planning, management policies, risk identification, resource allocation, and integrated documentation system development. The integration process also involves steps in internal audits and management reviews. By integrating management systems, PTKS avoids overlaps between separate processes and procedures. This integration includes the development of integrated policies and procedures for diverse operations. The role of engineering ethics codes is crucial in the management system integration, ensuring integrity, honesty, and professionalism in activities such as gap analysis and internal audits. Engineering ethics codes also ensure the accuracy, reliability, and proper management of data used. Thus, integrating the energy management system with other management systems at PTKS enhances alignment and operational effectiveness in maintaining environmental sustainability and overall performance improvement."

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