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[ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis desain pesawat perintis berpenumpang 19 berdasarkan aktivitas egress darurat pilot untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi desain pesawat perintis ergonomis yang mendukung aktivitas egress darurat pilot. Dihasilkan usulan konfigurasi dari pintu darurat, handle di bagian kokpit, serta foot step di bagian kokpit dan di bawah pintu darurat yang akan dianalisis. Pendekatan metode yang digunakan adalah metode digital human modelling dengan sistem penilaian PEI yang mengintegrasikan tiga metode yaitu Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu usulan konfigurasi desain pintu darurat dengan tinggi 85.24 cm dan lebar 46.64 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bawah pintu darurat dengan ukuran panjang 26.6 cm, lebar 20 cm dan tinggi 10 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bagian luar badan kokpit berukuran panjang 10 cm dan lebar 22 cm; serta didapatkan juga hasil konfigurasi handle terbaik dari sisi ergonomi dengan ukuran tinggi 20 cm dan panjang 10 cm. ABSTRACT
This research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm., This research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm.]

Abstrak :
Lingkungan kerja dengan suhu tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor terpenting yang berdampak pada keselamatan kerja. Terdapat beberapa lingkungan kerja yang bersuhu tinggi dalam aktivitas industri maupun konstruksi di Indonesia. Bekerja di lingkungan yang panas dengan beban kerja yang berat tidak hanya sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan pekerja, tetapi juga akan berakibat pada menurunnya tingkat konsentrasi dalam pelaksanaan kerja yang menyebabkan kecelakaan. Dalam penelitian ini, faktor suhu lingkungan dan beban kerja akan dianalisis untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedua faktor tersebut dan interaksinya terhadap konsentrasi pekerja. Pengkondisian suhu tinggi lingkungan kerja dilakukan di Heat and Cold Room Ergonomics Centre Universitas Indonesia. Sedangkan pembentukan beban kerja sesuai kategori yang diinginkan diidentifikasi melalui Fitmate Med. Uji inspeksi visual untuk mengetahui tingkat konsentrasi dilakukan pada setiap kombinasi perlakuan tekanan panas dan beban kerja yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kemampuan inspeksi visual menurun dimulai pada pemberian suhu 29,4 oC dan beban kerja kategori berat.

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Thermal environment and workload factor are most important factors that have impact on worker‟s safety. There are many hot environment in the field of manufacture and construstion activities in Indonesia. Working in hot environment with heavy workload not only can extremely do harm to human body health, but also probably decrease level of concentration in the execution of the work that caused accident. In this study, heat stress and workload factors will be anayzed to determine the effect of both factors and their interactions to the concentration of workers. High temperature of environment conditioning conducted in Heat and Cold Room Ergonomics Centre, Uniersity of Indonesia. While establishment of the workload category identified through Fitmate Med. Visual inspection test to determine the level of concentration made on any combination of heat stress and workload. The results showed that the decrease in ability of visual inspection begins at 29,4 oC temperature and heavy workload category.

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Thermal environment and workload factor are most important factors that have impact on worker‟s safety. There are many hot environment in the field of manufacture and construstion activities in Indonesia. Working in hot environment with heavy workload not only can extremely do harm to human body health, but also probably decrease level of concentration in the execution of the work that caused accident. In this study, heat stress and workload factors will be anayzed to determine the effect of both factors and their interactions to the concentration of workers. High temperature of environment conditioning conducted in Heat and Cold Room Ergonomics Centre, Uniersity of Indonesia. While establishment of the workload category identified through Fitmate Med. Visual inspection test to determine the level of concentration made on any combination of heat stress and workload. The results showed that the decrease in ability of visual inspection begins at 29,4 oC temperature and heavy workload category.

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ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis pada desain pintu darurat penumpang kendaraan tempur Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC) dalam Virtual Environment. Tujuannya adalah mengevaluasi desain aktual pintu darurat penumpang kendaraan tempur dan menentukan konfigurasi paling ergonomis ditinjau dari tinggi dan lebar pintu. Dihasilkan 7 buah konfigurasi yang akan dianalisis. Pengambilan data gerakan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Vicon System dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan software Jack 6.2.1. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan analisis dari tiga metode analisis: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu adanya perubahan tinggi pintu atas dan bawah sejauh 5cm dan lebar kanan dan kiri sejauh 5cm.

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Abstract
This research studies the ergonomic aspects of the armored personel vehicle emergency door design in a virtual environment. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the design of actual personel emergency door of a combat vehicle and to determinine the most ergonomic configuration using door height and width as primary consideration. From the research, seven configurations were made and analyzed. Motion capturing of the model was taken using Vicon System and analyzed using jack 6.2.1 software. Posture Evaluation Index was used to intergrated the analysis from three methods: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Analysis. The result of this research suggested that minor modification is necessary from original design. Additional 5 cm was added to the width design, 5 cm on the left side and another 5 cm on the right side of the door design

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ABSTRAK
Biomechanical energy-harvester merupakan suatu perangkat yang menangkap energi potensial yang dihasilkan selama pergerakan manusia untuk dikonversikan menjadi energi listrik. Sustainable Energy Floor (SEF) merupakan suatu biomechanical energy-harvester yang akan dikembangkan dan diaplikasikan pada lobi gedung K Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia. Sebagai langkah awal dalam mengembangkan SEF, maka pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis biomekanik dari kegiatan berjalan untuk menentukan atribut design SEF. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari eksperimen yang diadakan di laboratorium Ergonomics Centre Departemen Teknik Industri Universitas Indonesia dengan menggunakan force plate sebagai alat ukur utama, dengan responden civitas academica pria berusia 19-35 tahun di FT UI. Eksperimen dirancang dengan general factorial design dan melibatkan dua macam faktor, yaitu lantai dan alas kaki. Respon yang diukur dalam penelitian ini terdapat tiga macam, yaitu Ground Reaction Forces (GRF), Energi Potensial, dan Required Coefficient of Friction (RCOF). Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini juga dilakukan evaluasi tingkat ketidaknyamanan dengan menggunakan skala Borg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atribut design yang dipilih untuk SEF adalah perubahan ketinggian lantai sedalam 5 cm karena menghasilkan gaya vertikal dan Energi Potensial tertinggi dibandingkan perubahan ketinggian lantai lainnya. Selain itu, RCOF yang dihasilkan oleh lantai dengan perubahan ketinggian sedalam 5 cm masih lebih kecil dari koefisien gesek material porcelain sehingga lantai tersebut masih aman digunakan.

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ABSTRACT
Biomechanical energy-harvester is a device that captures potential energy generated during human movement to be converted into electrical energy. Sustainable Energy Floor (SEF) is a biomechanical energy-harvester that would be developed and applied at the lobby of K building Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia. As an initial step in developing SEF, this research analyzed the biomechanics of walking activities to determine the design attributes of SEF. The data in this study were obtained from experiments conducted in the laboratory of Ergonomics Centre, Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Indonesia using force plate as the primary measurement tool. Experiments designed with the general factorial design involving two kinds of factors, namely the floor and footwear. There are three kinds of responses that were measured in this study, including Ground Reaction Forces (GRF), Potential Energy, and the Required Coefficient of Friction (RCOF). In addition, this study also evaluated the level of discomfort using the Borg’s scale. The results showed that the selected design attributes for SEF is the floor whose height is changing about 5 cm, because it can generate the highest vertical force and potential energy compared to other floors. In addition, RCOF generated by this attribute is still smaller than the available coefficient of friction of porcelain, so that the floor with this attribute is safe to use.

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Latar Belakang. Proses pembuatan kain tapis membutuhkan waktu lama dan ketelitian tinggi. Pekerja bekerja dengan menggunakan peralatan sulam tenun tradisional yang tidak memperhatikan aspek ergonomi. Proses menyulam dilakukan dengan posisi duduk bersila di lantai mengakibatkan timbulnya ketidaknyamanan tungkai dan berdampak pada produktivitas sulam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kursi meja kerja yang ergonomis dan melihat pengaruhnya terhadap penurunan skala ketidaknyamanan tungkai dan peningkatan produktivitas sesudah intervensi pada pekerja kain tapis.Metode Penelitian. Desain yang digunakan adalah eksperimental one group pre-post intervensi dengan pembuatan media intervensi berupa kursi meja yang ergonomis. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode cluster sampling perusahaan tapis. Pada penelitian dilakukan pengumpulan data skala VAS ketidaknyamanan dan panjang sulam setiap akhir kerja. Analisis data dilakukan dengan program statistik SPSS Statistics 20.0.Hasil Penelitian. Telah didapatkan kursi meja kerja yang ergonomis bagi pekerja sulam tapis. Median skala VAS ketidaknyaman tungkai sebelum intervensi sebesar 7,0 4,5-8,5 . Median skala VAS ketidaknyamanan tungkai sesudah intervensi sebesar 1,0 0,5-1,5 . Median selisih skala VAS ketidaknyamanan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi sebesar 6,0 3,0-7,5 p

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Background. The process of making a tapis takes a long time with high accuracy. Workers work using traditional embroidering equipment that does not pay attention to the ergonomics aspect. The embroidering process is done by sitting cross legged on the floor resulting in legs discomfort and impact on the work productivity. This study aims to get an ergonomic working desk chair for embroidering tapis cloth and see its effect on decrease the lower limb discomfort visual analogue scale VAS score and increase the productivity of tapis cloth workers after the interventionMethod. The study design was an experimental one group pre post intervention with the creation of intervention media in the form of ergonomic desk chair. Samples were taken using cluster sampling on tapis companies in Bandar Lampung City. The lower limb discomfort VAS score and length of tapis cloth at the end of work before and after the intervention were compared. Data analysis was performed by SPSS Statistics 20.0 statistics program.Results. An ergonomic working desked chair for embroidering tapis cloth is available. The median interquartile range of lower limb discomfort VAS score before the intervention was 7.0 4.5 8.5 . The median of lower limb discomfort VAS score after the intervention was 1.0 0.5 1.5 . The median of lower limb discomfort VAS score difference before and after the intervention was 6.0 3.0 7.5 p

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Tingginya jumlah pekerja berdampak pada munculnya masalah kesehatan akibat kerja. Gangguan otot rangka merupakan salah satu penyakit akibat kerja akibat tidak diterapkannya posisi ergonomis. Pengetahuan berperan penting dalam membentuk perilaku ergonomis. Kondisi saat ini menunjukkan banyak pekerja tidak menerapkan posisi ergonomis saat bekerja. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat pengetahuan dengan penerapan posisi kerja ergonomis. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif korelatif potong lintang dengan besar sampel sebanyak 150 pekerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dengan penerapan posisi kerja ergonomis pvalue.

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The high number of workers has an impact on the emergence of health problems due to work. Work related musculoskeletal disorder is one of the occupational diseases caused by the absence of ergonomic position. Knowledge of ergonomics position has a n important roles to formed the ergonomics behaviour. Current conditions showed that many workers do not apply ergonomic positions while working. The aim of study was to determine the correlation of knowledge level with practice of ergonomic work position. This study used descriptive correlational, crossectional approach with a large sample of 150 workers. The result of study showed that there was a significant correlation between knowledge with the practice of ergonomic working position value.

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Kebutuhan produksi alas kaki dengan target harian yang telah ditetapkan mengharuskan pekerja bekerja dengan maksimal agar target dapat tercapai. Namun, aktivitas pekerjaan pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) pengrajin alas kaki seperti melakukan pekerjaan dengan posisi duduk, membungkuk, leher menekuk, serta dalam waktu kerja yang lama dan tidak menentu dapat menimbulkan nyeri yang mengarah pada kondisi keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko individu, faktor risiko pekerjaan, faktor risiko lingkungan kerja, dan faktor risiko peralatan kerja terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja UMKM pengrajin alas kaki di Kecamatan Ciomas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Keluhan gangguan musculoskeletal dinilai dengan lembar penilaian Nordic Muskuloskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Faktor risiko individu dinilai melalui kuesioner karakteristik responden, dan antropometri dilakukan pengukuran menggunakan meteran. Kemudian faktor risiko pekerjaan dinilai menggunakan lembar Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC). Lalu faktor risiko lingkungan kerja dinilai dengan pengukuran suhu menggunakan WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) meter dan pengukuran pencahayaan menggunakan lux meter. Sedangkan faktor risiko peralatan kerja dinilai dengan mengukur workstation dan disesuaikan dengan standar antropometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 84,7% responden mengalami keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Hasil penelitian pada faktor risiko individu menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku merokok dengan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada bahu. Hasil penelitian faktor risiko pekerjaan menunjukkan ada hubungan antara tingkat pajanan risiko punggung terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada leher. Hasil pengukuran faktor risiko lingkungan kerja menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan dengan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal secara umum. Hasil pengukuran peralatan kerja pada workstation menunjukkan bahwa hanya terdapat beberapa workstation yang sesuai dengan standar antropometri yaitu meja open pada UMKM 4,5, dan 8, mesin jahit, dan meja finishing pada UMKM 8. ......The need for footwear production with predetermined daily target requires worker to work optimally so the target can be achieved. However, work activity on footwear Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) such as sitting work position, bending down, neck bend, long duration of work and uncertain can cause pain that lead to musculoskeletal disorder complaint. This research aim to analyze individual risk factors, occupational risk factors, work environment risk factors, and work equipment risk factors against musculoskeletal disorder complaint on footwear MSMEs workers in Ciomas district. This research using cross sectional study design. Complain of musculoskeletal disorder were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnnaire (NMQ). Individual risk factors through a questionnaire of respondent’s characteristics, and anthropometry were assessed by measuring tape. Occupational risk factors were assessed using the Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC). Then, work environment risk factors were assessed by measuring temperature using a WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) meter and measuring lighting using a lux meter. While work equipment risk factors were assessed by measuring workstation and adjusted to anthropometric standards. The result of the research showed that 84,7% of respondent have a musculoskeletal disorder complaint. The result on individual risk factors showed that there was a significant relationship between smoking behavior and musculoskeletal disorder complaint on shoulder. The result on occupational risk factors showed that there was a significant relationship between back risk exposure level to musculoskeletal disorder complaint on neck. The result on work environment risk factors showed that there was no significant relationship with musculoskeletal disorder complaint in general. The result of measuring work equipment risk factors on workstations show that there are only a few workstations that comply with anthropometric standard, there are open’s table on 4th,5th, and 8th’s MSME, sewing machines, and finishing table’s at 8th MSME.

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Kegiatan secara repetitif yang dilakukan oleh pengemudi bus serta berada dalam posisi duduk yang berkepanjangan di kabin pengemudi bus yang tidak sesuai dengan antropometri pengemudi merupakan faktor yang menyebabkan pengemudi bus mengalami gangguan musculoskeletal disorder. Penelitian ini membahas tentang perancangan desain kabin pengemudi bus PHL (Patas Hyno Long) AK3HR yang ergonomis dalam lingkungan virtual dengan menggunakan software Jack 6.1. Hasil penelitian ini berupa desain kabin pengemudi bus yang ergonomis berdasarkan nilai (Posture Evaluation Index) PEI dan hasil analisis comfort assessment. Sehingga didapat desain kabin pengemudi yang dapat mengurangi resiko timbulnya gangguan musculoskeletal disorder pada pengemudi.

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Repetitive activity, prolonged sitting, and anthropometric mismatch were perceived to be most related to musculoskeletal disorder in bus drivers. This study discusses about design of ergonomic bus driver?s cab PHL (Patas Hyno Long) AK3HR in the virtual environment by using software Jack 6.1. The result of this study is design ergonomic driver?s cab based on Posture Evaluation Index score and comfort assessment analysis. By ergonomic bus driver?s cab, the risk of musculoskeletal disorder among bus driver will decreased.

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Penelitian dilakukan pada objek gerobak sampah manual yang beroperasi di wilayah Jakarta Barat. Terhadap objek tersebut dilakukan analisis ergonomi yang memanfaatkan metode LBA, OWAS, dan RULA yang diintegrasikan melalui perhitungan Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). Analisis memanfaatkan simulasi dalam virtual environment berdasarkan data antropometri dan postur kerja yang ada di lapangan, serta rekomendasi menurut studi literatur. Simulasi kerja diolah menggunakan software NX 6 dan Jack 6.1. Hasil akhir adalah berupa parameter desain gerobak sampah terkait ketinggian handle dan kestabilan gerobak yang dapat mengurangi resiko musculoskeletal disorder pada operator gerobak sampah.

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This study focused on the ergonomic aspect of manual garbage operation in west Jakarta. Ergonomic analysis was performed utilizing methods of LBA, OWAS, and RULA which are integrated in Posture Evaluation Index. The analysis was done based on existing antrhopometry and posture data with the recommendation built based on literature study. Then they were simulated in virtual environment using software NX 6 and Jack 6.1. The final output of this study includes best handle height among recommendation options and cart stabilization which can reduce musculoskeletal disorder risk for garbage cart operators.

Abstrak :
Penggunaan kendaraan umum saat ini mengalami penurunan, salah satunya karena interiornya yang kurang nyaman. Komponen kabin penumpang terasa kurang ergonomis/ tidak sesuai dengan anthropometri penumpang, yang juga dapat mengakibatkan gangguan skeletal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang ulang komponen kabin penumpang bus, yaitu kursi, tangga, dan layout kabin sehingga lebih ergonomis (nyaman, aman, dan sehat) bagi penumpang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mensimulasikan kondisi awal dan usulan pada software Jack 6.1, untuk dianalisis nilai ergonominya. Untuk desain layout kabin, dirancang ulang menurut standar perhitungan ergonomi. Hasil akhir penelitian adalah usulan rancangan kabin penumpang bus berupa desain kursi, tangga, dan layout kabin yang ergonomis.

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Recently, the use of public transportations has declined. One of the causes is because uncomfortable vehicles? design. Passengers cabin not ergonomically designed/mismatch with passengers? anthropometry, which can cause skeletal disorder. This study aim to re-design public bus cabin, which components are seats, stairs, and the layout, so it can be more ergonomic (comfortable, safe, and healthy) for passengers. Existing and proposed cabin components simulated in Jack 6.1 software to analyze its ergonomic indexes. For cabin layout, re-designing is based on ergonomic standard calculation. Results of this study are comprehensive ergonomic design of passenger bus seats, stairs, and cabin layout.