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"Latar Belakang. Subjek first degree relatives (FDR) diabetes mellitus (DM) tipe 2 berisiko berkembang menjadi DM tipe 2 dan kejadian aterosklerosis lebih tinggi daripada subjek tanpa riwayat orang tua dengan DM tipe 2. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaaan rerata kadar Adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) yang berperan dalam berkembangnya DM tipe 2 maupun aterosklerosis, dan Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) sebagai penanda disfungsi endotel pada kelompok FDR DM tipe 2 dan kelompok non-FDR DM tipe 2. Serta melihat korelasi A-FABP dan ICAM-1 pada FDR DM tipe 2.Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari payung penelitian FDR tahun 2018, dengan desain potong lintang, yang memeriksakan kadar A-FABP dan ICAM-1 serum dengan metode sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Subjek yang dilibatkan berusia 19 tahun sampai di bawah usia 40 tahun, yang normotensi dan normoglikemia. Serum yang diambil disimpan dalam suhu -80°C. Hasil yang ada dilanjutkan analisis beda rerata dan uji korelasi kelompok FDR dan non-FDR.Hasil dan Diskusi. Dari 115 subjek normoglikemi normotensi, didapatkan kadar A-FABP yang lebih tinggi pada FDR DM tipe 2 dibandingkan non-FDR DM tipe 2 dengan median (rentang interkuartil) berturut-turut 5,44 ng/ml (3,99-6,40) dan 4,99 ng/ml (3,35-6,70), namun tidak bermakna secara statistik (p=0,54). Demikian juga kadar ICAM-1 pada populasi FDR DM tipe 2 yang tidak berbeda bermakna dibandingkan kelompok non-FDR DM tipe 2, dengan median 276,70 ng/ml (230,60-375,20) dan 272,55 ng/ml (223,95-318,22) berturut-turut (0=0,21). Tidak ditemukan korelasi bermakna A-FABP dan ICAM-1 pada FDR DM tipe 2 (p=0,276).

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Background. The subject of first-degree relatives (FDR) diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2 had a risk of developing into type 2 DM and the incidence of atherosclerosis was higher than subjects without parents with type 2 DM. This study aims to see the mean difference of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (A-FABP) level which plays role in the development of type 2 DM and atherosclerosis, and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) level as a marker of endothelial dysfunction between FDR type 2 DM group and the non-FDR type 2 DM group. Moreover, to see the A-FABP and ICAM-1 correlation on FDR DM type 2.

Method. This study is part of FDR study held on 2018. Normotensive and normoglycemic subjects aged 19 to under 40 years old were included. The extracted serum was stored at -80C. Serum A-FABP and ICAM-1 levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The results were followed by a mean difference analysis and a correlation test for the FDR and non-FDR groups.

Results and Discussion. Of the 115 subjects, A-FABP levels were higher in FDR type 2 DM than in non-FDR type 2 DM with median (interquartile range) of 5,44 ng/ml (3,99-6,40) and 4,99 ng/ml (3,35-6,70) respectively, and not statistically significant (p=0,54). Likewise, the level of ICAM-1 in FDR type 2 DM subjects was not statistically significant different from non-FDR type 2 DM subjects, with a median of 276.70 ng / ml (230.60-375.20) and 272.55 ng / ml (223.95-318.22) respectively (0 = 0.21). There was no significant correlation between A-FABP and ICAM-1 in FDR type 2 DM (p=0,276).

Conclusion. There were no significant differences of A-FABP and ICAM-1 levels between FDR and non-FDR type 2 DM groups. There were no correlation between A-FABP and ICAM-1 in the FDR type 2 DM group."

"Latar Belakang: Terdapat dua jenis obesitas berdasarkan risiko kardiometaboliknya, yaitu metabolically healthy obese (MHO) dan metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). Kelompok MUO lebih berisiko mengalami DM tipe 2 karena terdapat resistensi insulin yang dicetuskan endotoksemia metabolik akibat disbiosis usus, melalui peningkatan permeabilitas usus. Belum ada data mengenai perbedaan permeabilitas usus, yang diwakili oleh kadar intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), pada penyandang obesitas dengan dan tanpa DM tipe 2 di Indonesia.Tujuan: Mengetahui perbedaan rerata kadar I-FABP pada penyandang obesitas dengan dan tanpa DM tipe 2 di Indonesia.Metode: Studi potong lintang menggunakan data sekunder dari penelitian Divisi Endokrin, Metabolik, Diabetes FKUI-RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta yang berjudul “Profil Mikrobiota Usus, Mikrobiota Rongga Mulut, Inflamasi, dan Resistensi Insulin pada Berbagai Spektrum Disglikemia” periode Juli 2018-Agustus 2019. Sebanyak 63 subjek obesitas berdasarkan kriteria WHO untuk Asia (IMT ≥25 kg/m2) dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok berdasarkan kriteria ADA: dengan dan tanpa DM tipe 2. Kadar I-FABP diperiksa dengan metode Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analisis data dengan uji T tidak berpasangan untuk perbedaan rerata I-FABP. Uji regresi logistik dilakukan untuk faktor perancu.Hasil: Mayoritas subjek ialah perempuan (82,53%), usia >45 tahun (63,50%), obesitas grade I (54,00%), obesitas sentral (93,70%). Rerata I-FABP pada kelompok dengan DM tipe 2 lebih tinggi, yaitu 2,82 (1,23) ng/mL vs. 1,78 (0,81) ng/mL (p<0,001; IK95% 0,51-1,55). Simpulan: Rerata kadar I-FABP lebih tinggi pada kelompok obesitas dengan DM tipe 2 dan independen terhadap faktor usia.

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Background: There are two types of obesity based on its cardiometabolic risk, which are metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO). The MUO exerts higher risk to develop type 2 DM because of higher state of insulin resistance due to metabolic endotoxemia through gut dysbiosis and increased intestinal permeability. There is no study regarding the difference of intestinal permeability, using intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), in obese people with and without type 2 DM in Indonesia.

Objective: To know the mean difference of I-FABP in obese people with and without T2DM in Indonesia.

Method: A cross-sectional study using secondary data from the study of Division of Endocrine, Metabolism and Diabetes FMUI-RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta entitled "Profile of the Intestinal Microbiota, Oral Cavity Microbiota, Inflammation, and Insulin Resistance in Various Spectrums of Dysglycemia" for the period July 2018-August 2019. A total of 63 obese subjects based on WHO criteria for Asia (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) were divided into 2 groups based on ADA criteria for diabetes: with and without T2DM. The I-FABP levels were checked using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Data was analyzed using unpaired T test for mean difference of I-FABP while logistic regression test was performed for confounding factors.

Results: The majority of the subjects were women (82.53%), age >45 years (63.50%), obesity grade I (54.00%) and central obesity (93.70%). The I-FABP level of T2DM group was higher compared to without T2DM group, namely 2.82 (1.23) ng/mL vs. 1.78 (0.81) ng/mL (p<0.001; 95% CI 0.51-1.55).

Conclusion: The mean level of I-FABP was higher in the obese group with T2DM which is independent of age."