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Abstrak :
Bahan dan Metode : Desain cross seksional pada 99 subyek laki-laki tahun yang dipilih secara simple random sampling dari sarnpel MONICA Jakarta III. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data umum subyek, asupan makanan, antropometri, tekanan darah, EKG dan pemeriksaan laboratorium darah. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji X2, Fisher dan Kolmogorov-Smimov, Mann Whitney dan korelasi Pearson / Spearman rank. Hasil : Kadar feritin serum ?200 p.glL tedapat pads 8,1% subyek. Asupan besi total 4,81 mg (1,59-13,24 mglhari), besi hem 0,21 mg (0-1,22 mg/had), 93,9% asupan besi kurang 1 AKG. Terdapat 13,1% dengan IMT >27 kglm2, 20,2% dengan Lpe X94 cm aan rasio LpelLpa X0,95; 34,3% dengan tekanan darah >149190 mm Hg, Kadar kolesterol total abnormal 41,4% (?200 mgldL); kolesterol HDL abnormal 63,6%(z40 mgldL); kolesterol LDL abnormal 52,5% (?130 mgldL); trigiiserida abnormal 11,I%(200 mg/dL); gula puasa abnormal 5,1% (?126 mgldL). Kebiasaan merokok pada 54,5% subyek. Tidak trdapat korelasi bermakna antara asupan besi total (r--0,038) dan besi hem (r,027) dengan feritin serum. Rasio Odds kasar antara feritin serum dengan PJK (diagnostik EKG) 5,5 kali (CI. 0,87-34,33). Pada uji statistik didapat perbedaan bermakna median feritin serum pads subyek diabetes daengan non diabetes (p~,001) dan subyek dengan kelebihan lemak tubuh dengan subyek dengan lemak tubuh normal (Lpe dengan p:1,009; LpelLpa dengan p"0,047). Kesimpulan: Didapatkan hubungan tidak bermakna antara feritin serum dengan asupan zat gizi. Terdapat hubungan moderat antara feritin serum dengan risiko PJK. Subyek dengan feritin serum ? 200 .iglL mempunyai kecenderungan risiko 5,5 kali menderita PJK (diagnostik EKG) dibandingkan subyek dengan feritin serum <200 p.g(L,

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Serum ferritin in men 35 years old or over and its relating factors at Mampang PrapatanMethods : A cross sectional study had been carried out of on 99 subjects age 35 years selected using simple random sampling method from MONICA Jakarta's III sample. Data collected consist of socio-economic state, dietary intake, anthropometric, laboratory, blood pressure and electrocardiogram examination. Statistical analysis was performed by X-, Fisher, Kolmogorov-Sm imov, Mann-Whitney, and Pearson/ Spearman rank correlation. Result : Serum ferritin 1200 1.tglL was found in 8,1% subjects. Total iron intake 4,81 mg (1,59-13,24 mg/day), heme iron 0,21 mg (0-1,22 mg/day), 93,9%% of iron intake below the RDA. There were 13,1% subjects with BMI >27 kg/m2; 20,2% with AC >94 cm and WHR >0,95; 34,5% with blood pressure >140/90 mm Hg. Abnormal total cholesterol level 41,4% (1200 mg/dL); abnormal HDL cholesterol 63,6% (<40 mg/dL); abnormal LDL cholesterol 52,5% (1130 mg/dL); abnormal triglyceride 1,1% (~0d mg/dL); abnormal fasting glucose 5,1% (?126 mgldL); 54,5% had smoking habits. Lack association between total iron (r=-0,038) and heme iron (r 0,027) with serum ferritin. Men with ferritin serum 1200 l.tg1L had an crude odds ration 5,5 fold suffer from CHD (according to ECG diagnostic) compare to subjects with ferritn serum <200 .iglL (CI. 0,87-34,33). Statistical analysis showed significant difference of serum ferritin median in diabetic and non diabetic subjects (p:1,001), overfatness subjects and normo fatness subjects (AC with. pC,009 and WHR with p=0,047). Conclusion : There is no significant relationship between serum ferritin level and dietary intake. Bivariate analysis found moderate relationship between serum ferritin and CHD. Men with serum ferritin 1200 pglL had a crude odds ratio 5,5 fold suffer from CHD (according to ECG diagnostic) compare to the subjects with serum ferritin < 200 pg/L.

Abstrak :
Tujuan : Mengetahui korelasi antara asupan besi. hemoglobin dan kadar feritin serum dengan indikator panjang badan untuk usia pada bayi stunring usia 6-I2 bulan. Tempat : Pada 20 desa dan kelurahan di Kota dan Kabupaten Tangerang di wilayah binaan CARE International Indonesia. Bahan dan cara: Pada penelitian dengan disain potong lintang ini didapatkan 3l subyek sesuai kriteria penelitian. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi pendidikan formal ibu, status gizi berdasarkan HAZ, asupan kalori, protein dan besi dcngan menggunakan FFQ semikuantitati pemeriksaan laboratorium darah yaitu hemoglobin clan feritin serum. Uji statistik yang digunakan adalah Kolmogorov Smirnov, dan korelasi Pearson/spernmn's Rank. Hasil : Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 5I,6% pendidikan formal ibu sekolah dasar/sederajat. Subyek merupakan kelompok stunting yang sebagian besar (80,6%) merupakan stunting sedang. serata asupan energi adalah 767,99_+;275,42 kkal/hari dan protein 2l,80_~§l l,08 g/hari. Asupan energi dan protein subyek yang rendah 74,2% dan 29% dibandingkan RDA. Rcrata asupan besi adalah 6,06 j 4, l 6 mg/hari, sebagaian besar subyek (8l%) dengan asupan besi kurang menurut RNI. Rerata kadar hemoglobin 10,041 1,32 g/dL dan kadar feritin serum didapatkan median 10,93 (l,62; 90,38) pg/L. Subyek yang mengalami anemia 71%, depiesi besi tanpa anemia 9,7% dan anemia defisiensi besi 41.9°/6. Pada analisis tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara asupan besi dengan hemoglobin dan feritin scrum. Pada analisis korelasi antara hemoglobin dan feritin serum dengan HAZ skor tidak didapatkan korelasi bermakna. Kesimpulan : Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bemiakna antara asupan besi dengan hemoglobin dan feritin serum. Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bcrmakna antara hemoglobin dan feritin serum dengan HAZ skor.

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Objective :To know correlation between dietary iron intake, hemoglobin, serum feritin and height tbr age Z score in shunting infant age 6-I2 month. Location : 20 villages and kelurahan in Tangerang City and District the area under serviced by CARE, international Indonesia (Cll). Material and Method: A cross sectional study had been canied out on 31 subjects selected. Data collected consist of' respondent (mother) tbmial education, subject characteristic i.e HAZ, dietary intake of energy, protein and iron using semi quantitative FFQ, and laboratory examination lbr hemoglobin and serum ferritin. Statistical analysis was using Kolmogorov-Smimov and Pearson/Spearman?s rank correlation tests. Result : Most of mothers? formal education was primary school (5l.6%). Majority ofthe subjects was in moderate stunting (80,6%). Average energy and protein intake were 767.99i275.42 kcal/day and 2 l,80il l,08 g/day. respectively. Subjects with low energy and protein intake as compared to the RDA are 74.2% and 29%, respectively. Average iron intake 6.061 4.l6 mg/day and 8l% of the subject had iron intake less than RNI. Average hemoglobin level was l0.04=t:l.32 g/dl, whereas median serum ferritin was l0.93 (1.62; 9038) ug/L. Subject with anemia, iron depletion without anemia and iron deficiency anemia were 71%,9.7%, and 4l.9%, respectively. There was no significant correlation between iron intake and hemoglobin. There was negative correlation between iron intake and serum ferritin (p>0.05). No significant correlation was found between hemoglobin and serum ferritin with HAZ score. Conclusion: There were no significant correlations between iron intake with hemoglobin, and serum ferritin. There were no significant correlations between hemoglobin and serum ferritin with HAZ score unstinting infant 6-12 month.

Abstrak :
Besi merupakan logam penting terutama karena perannya dalam pengangkutan oksigen (hemoglobin). MobillsasI besi membutuhkan suatu bentuk kompleks dengan molekul biologis seperti ferrltin, transferrin dan asam sltrat. Keterlibatan asam sitrat dibuktikan pada tanaman Rhizospere yang mengeiuarkan asam sitrat untuk mengekstrak besi dan pada E.coli yang mempunyai protein membran yang mampu mengenali dan mentransfer ferri-sitrat. Pada penelitian ini disintesis kompleks ferri-sitrat dengan variasi counter-ion (piridin dan 2,9 dimetil 1,10 fenantrolin atau neocuproine) dan dikarakterisasi dengan spektroskopi IR dan UV-Vis. Sintesis dilakukan dalam aquademin dengan perbandingan mol yang sama dari.ferri-nitrat, natriumsitrat dan couter-ion. Sintesis menghasilkan kristal seeding berwarna kuning kehijauan (83%) dan kristal residu berwarna coklat kekuningan (116%) f dengan counter-ion berturut-turut piridin dan neocuproine. Penentuan kadar Fe pada kristal dengan Spektroskopi Serapan Atom (SSA) menghasilkan persen berat Fe-kristal 14,16 untuk kompleks ferri-sitrat-piridin dan 7,52 untuk kompleks ferri-sitrat-neocuproine. Analisis struktur kristal dengan difraktometer sinar-X menyatakan keberadaan Fe304 dan NaNOa pada kristal residu, sementara struktur yang lain (Fe202 dan FesOis) tidak bisa disimpulkan keberadaannya dengan bank data mineral yang dipakai. Pembentukan kompleks pada spektra IR ditandai dengan pergeseran vibrasi CO karboksilat dan alkohol dari sitrat. Pergeseran vibrasi C-0 karboksilat menyebabkan jarak pisah kedua uluran C-0 makin besar sementara vibrasi C-0 alkohol bergeser ke bilangan gelombang yang lebih , rendah. Selain itu, pada kompleks muncul vibrasi ulur Fe-0 dan Fe-0H2 pada daerah 300-600 cm"\ Counter-ion yang terprotonasi menampakkan vibrasi ulur N-H pada 3400 cm"\ Spektra UV kompleks didominasi oleh serapan counter-ion dan perpindahan muatan ferri atau Fe(lll). Spektra pada daerah Visible memperlihatkan sebuah bahu pada 475 nm yang mengalami pergeseran hipsokromik ke panjang gelombang (;.) yang lebih kecil dibanding pada Fe(iil) bebas. Nilai stoikiometri kompleks yang didapat dengan titrasi perbandingan mol yaitu perbandingan mol Fe/sitrat 1,1 pada X 449,5 nm dan 490.4 nm untuk kompleks ferri-sitrat-piridin dan 1,16 pada 467,3 nm dan 1,15 pada 449,5 nm untuk kompleks ferri-sitrat-neocuproine

Abstrak :
Zat besi merupakan salah satu mineral penting dalam darah. Di dalam tubuh, zat besi disimpan dalam suatu protein penyimpan yang disebut dengan feritin, sehingga feritin merupakan salah satu indikator penting kadar zat besi dalam darah. Teknik deteksi senyawa feritin yang sederhana seperti metode elektrokimia memiliki keunggulan berupa batas deteksi rendah serta preparasi sampel sederhana. Salah satu senyawa yang dapat digunakan adalah kuersetin, senyawa elektroaktif yang memiliki interaksi kuat dengan feritin. Penelitian ini memanfaatkan metode elektrokimia berbasis senyawa kuersetin untuk diaplikasikan sebagai sensor feritin. Studi elektrokimia senyawa kuersetin menggunakan metode differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) pada elektroda cetak karbon menunjukkan bahwa interaksi antara kuersetin dan ferritin menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan puncak arus oksidasi kuersetin pada potensial +0,09 V (vs. A /AgCl). Penurunan puncak arus ini linier terhadap peningkatan konsentrasi kuersetin, dengan rentang linear dinamis pada konsentrasi 0-10 dan 10-1000 ng/mL. Sensor ini memiliki nilai LOD 1,96 ng/mL, LOQ 6,54 ng/mL, dan sensitivitas 7,79 µA/(ng/mL)/cm2 pada rentang 1-10 ng/mL serta LOD 145,5 ng/mL, LOQ 483,9 ng/mL, dan sensitivitas 0,03 µA/(ng/mL)/cm2 pada rentang 10-1000 ng/mL. Kemampuan keberulangan sensor ini cukup baik dengan RSD sebesar 2,06% untuk sepuluh kali pengukuran. Selain itu, sensor ini bersifat selektif terhadap beberapa interferen meliputi asam urat, asam askorbat, dan glukosa terlihat dari respon yang tidak jauh berbeda antara pengukuran dengan dan tanpa interferen (98-99%). Secara keseluruhan sensor feritin berbasis senyawa kuersetin ini memiliki performa yang baik. ......Iron is one of the most important minerals in the blood. In our body, iron is stored in a storage protein called ferritin. Thus, ferritin is an important indicator of serum iron level. One of ferritin detection methods is electrochemical method that has lower detection limit and require less preparations. Quercetin can be employed as recognition element since it is an electroactive compound that interacts strongly with ferritin. In this study, electrochemical method based on quercetin is used as ferritin sensor. Electrochemical study of quercetin using Differential Pulse Voltammery (DPV) on screen-printed carbon electrode shows that interaction between quercetin and ferritin cause significant decrease in quercetin oxidation peak potential at +0.09 V (vs. Ag/AgCl). The increase of ferritin concentration is directly proportional to the decrease of quercetin oxidation peak potential, showing dynamic linear range at 0-10 and 10-1000 ng/mL of ferritin. This sensor has LOD of 1.96 ng/mL, LOQ of 6.54 ng/mL, and sensitvity of 7.79 µA/(ng/mL)/cm2 in 1-10 ng/mL range and LOD of 145.5 ng/mL, LOQ of 483.8 ng/mL, and sensitivity of 0.03 µA/(ng/mL)/cm2 in 10-1000 ng/mL range. This sensor shows great repeatibility over ten repeated measurements showing %RSD of 2.06%. Interference test shows that this sensor is selective towards several interferents such as uric acid, ascorbic acid, and glucose, showing similar response (98-99%) than that of the solution with no interference. Overall, this ferritin sensor based on quercetin exhibits a good performance.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang. Kelebihan zat besi akibat transfusi rutin pada penderita thalassemia mayor menyebabkan timbunan zat besi yang akan membuat kerusakan signifikan pada banyak organ, seperti hati dan kelenjar paratiroid, sehingga dapat mengganggu metabolisme vitamin D dan kalsium. Tujuan. Mengetahui hubungan antara kadar feritin serum dengan kadar 25 (OH)D dan kalsium ion pada anak thalassemia mayor. Metode. Penelitian ini adalah studi potong lintang yang dilakukan pada 64 anak thalassemia mayor usia 7-12 tahun dari bulan November hingga Desember 2020 di RS Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Feritin serum dan kalsium ion diperiksa di laboratorium patologi klinik RSCM. Pemeriksaan kadar vitamin D 25 (OH)D dengan metode Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) dilakukan di Laboratorium Kalgen Innolab Jakarta. Hasil. Dari 64 subjek, rerata feritin serum (SB) 5537.85 (2976.17) ng/mL, rerata serum vitamin D 25 (OH)D (SB) 15,556 (5,825) ng/mL dan rerata kalsium ion (SB) 1,144 (0,079) nmol/L. Sebanyak 6,3% subjek mengalami hipokalsemia. Defisiensi vitamin D ditemukan pada 34,4% subyek dan insufisiensi pada 45,3% subyek. Koefisien korelasi Pearson antara feritin serum dan vitamin D (r = -0,020, p = 0,873), dan untuk kalsium ion (r = 0,01, p = 0,938). Kesimpulan. Hubungan antara feritin serum terhadap vitamin D dan kalsium ion tidak menunjukkan korelasi. Tingginya prevalens defisiensi vitamin D pada anak thalassemia mayor membutuhkan penanganan lebih komprehensif untuk meningkatkan kesehatan tulang, mencegah patah tulang dan potensi komplikasi terkait lainnya. .....Background. Iron overload due to routine transfusions in thalassemia major children causes iron deposits that will make significant damage to many organs, such as the liver and parathyroid glands, so that can disrupting the vitamin D and calcium metabolism. Objective. To determine the correlation between serum ferritin levels with 25 (OH)D levels and ionized calcium in thalassemia major children. Methods. This study was a cross sectional study was conducted on 64 children with thalassemia major, aged 7-12 years, from November to December 2020 at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (CMH). Serum ferritin and ionized calcium patients were examined in the laboratory of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Serum 25 (OH)D examination using the Enzyme-Linked Fluorescent Assay (ELFA) method was carried out at the Kalgen Innolab Jakarta Laboratory. Results. From 64 subjects, mean serum ferritin (SD) 5537.85 (2976.17) ng/mL, mean serum vitamin D 25 (OH)D (SD) 15.556 (5.825) ng/mL and mean ionized calcium (SD) 1.144 (0.079) nmol/L. A total of 6.3% of subjects experienced hypocalcemia. Vitamin D deficiency was present in 34.4% of subjects and insufficiency in 45.3% of subjects. Pearson’s correlation coefficient between serum ferritin and vitamin D (r = -0.020, p = 0.873), and for ionized calcium (r = 0.01, p = 0.938). Conclusions. The association between serum ferritin and vitamin D and calcium ions showed no correlation. The high prevalence of 25 (OH)D deficiency in thalassemia major children requires further management to improve bone health, prevent fracture and other related potential complications.

Abstrak :
Transfusi darah berulang pada subjek thalassemia mayor berpotensi menyebabkan transmisi virus hepatitis B dan / atau C. Infeksi dapat menyebabkan perubahan kadar feritin serum. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi varian virus hepatitis dan hubungannya dengan kadar feritin serum. Penelitian potong-lintang dilakukan dengan membandingkan kadar feritin serum antar kelompok subjek terinfeksi varian virus hepatitis pada subjek thalassemia mayor di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Kiara Jakarta antara tahun 2006-2015. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi hepatitis keseluruhan sebesar 10,06 subjek dan didapatkan nilai p < 0,050 dari uji komparasi antara kadar feritin serum pada kelompok subjek hepatitis B dengan hepatitis C, hepatitis B dengan hepatitis B dan C, hepatitis C dengan non-hepatitis serta hepatitis B dan C dengan non-hepatitis. Pevalensi infeksi hepatitis keseluruhan pada penelitian ini lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan penelitian lain dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kadar feritin serum pada kelompok subjek hepatitis B dengan hepatitis C, hepatitis B dengan hepatitis B dan C, hepatitis C dengan non-hepatitis serta hepatitis B dan C dengan non-hepatitis. ...... Regular blood transfusion in major thalassemia subjects potentially mediates infection of hepatitis B and or C virus. Infection can change serum ferritin level. This research intends to know the prevalence of hepatitis virus variant infection and its association with serum ferritin level. This research used cross sectional method to compare serum ferritin level within each hepatitis virus variant infection subject's groups on major thalassemia subjects in RS Cipto Mangunkusumo Kiara Jakarta within 2006 2015. Results showed that prevalence of hepatitis in total was 10.06 subjects and p value from comparison test of serum ferritin level in subject's group of hepatitis B with hepatitis C, hepatitis B with hepatitis B and C, hepatitis C with non hepatitis, and hepatitis B and C with non hepatitis is p 0,050. Prevalence of hepatitis in total was lower than prevalence value in the other studies and there were significant association of serum ferritin level in subject's group of hepatitis B with hepatitis C, hepatitis B with hepatitis B and C, hepatitis C with non hepatitis, and hepatitis B and C with non hepatitis.

Abstrak :
Setiap varietas tanaman padi memiliki perbedaan tingkatan toleransi terhadap cekaman ferrous ion (Fe²⁺⁾ dan memicu toksisitas Fe dan kerusakan oksidatif pada padi. Perbedaan ketahanan toleransi cekaman Fe disebabkan karena adanya tingkat regulasi ekspresi yang berbeda pada gen OsFER yang dapat ditemukan pada kromosom 11 dan 12. Analisis molekuler dari identifikasi genom hingga profil ekspresi gen OsFER dalam merespons cekaman Fe dan oksidatif dilakukan terhadap beberapa varietas padi. DNA genom dari ke delapan varietas padi (Impari 42, Cupatmangu, Situbagendid, Wayapo, Kangkung, Sigupai, Ciherang dan Sunggal.) diisolasi dan dilakukan amplifikasi PCR menggunakan primer OsFER2. Hasilnya menunjukkan kesamaan 100% karakteristik OsFER pada semua varietas padi yang dipelajari di kromosom 11 (LOC_Os11g01530) dan kromosom 12 (LOC_Os12g01530). Namun, struktur protein lengkap kompleks ferritin hanya ditemukan pada kromosom 12, sedangkan pada kromosom 11 hanya terdapat sebagian area alfa-helix OsFER dengan situs aktif (asam glutamat, tirosin) yang membentu ferooxsidase diiron centre. Analisis ekspresi relatif gen OsFER dilakukan terhadap varietas Kangkung dan Sunggal pada lima kondisi perlakuan cekaman FeSO₄ dan cekaman oksidatif menggunakan H₂O₂ (FeSO₄ 300ppm, FeSO₄ 600ppm, H₂O₂ 30mM, H₂O₂ 60mM, dan kombinasi FeSO₄ 300ppm dan H₂O₂ 30mM) yang diterapkan pada varietas Kangkung (toleran) dan Sunggal (rentan). Perhitungan ekspresi gen relatif menggunkan teknik amplikasi cyclic menggunakan qPCR. Persentase efisiensi gen OsFER Ch.11, OsFER Ch.12 dan GAPDH sebesar 93%, 105% dan 96%. Pada varietas Kankung, rasio ekspresi gen OsFER lebih tinggi secara signifikan pada OsFER Ch. 12 daripada OsFER Ch. 11. Gen OsFER Ch.12 diekspresikan paling tinggi pada kondisi cekaman Fe dengan nilai 1,329 pada FeSO₄ 300ppm dan 1,207 pada FeSO₄ 600ppm. Sebaliknya OsFER Ch. 11  justru di represi dengan nilai 0,717 dan 0,704. Sedangkan pada varietas Sunggal tidak menunjukkan perubahan signifikan pada ekspresi gen baik pada OsFER Ch.11 maupun OsFER Ch.12 dalam kondisi stres. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa ekspresi OsFER Ch.12 yang lebih tinggi pada varietas Kangkung berkontribusi terhadap peningkatan toleransi terhadap cekaman Fe²⁺ dibandingkan dengan varietas Sunggal yang lebih rentan. Diferensiasi regulasi  ekspresi gen OsFER memberikan potensi untuk memahami perbedaan mekanisme toleransi di antara varietas padi terhadap cekaman Fe²⁺ dan kerusakan oksidatif. ......Rice varieties exhibit varying tolerance levels to ferrous ion (Fe²⁺ )stress, which can lead to Fe toxicity and oxidative damage. This differential tolerance is attributed to differences in the regulation of OsFER gene expression. OsFER genes are located on chromosomes 11 and 12 and play a crucial role in iron sequestration and detoxification.This study investigated the molecular basis of OsFER gene from genome identification until the expression profile of OsFER in response to Fe²⁺ stress and oxidative damage in some rice varieties. Genome identification of eight rice varieties (Impari 42, Cupatmangu, Situbagendid, Wayapo, Kangkung, Sigupai, Ciherang dan Sunggal) was done by using PCR and OsFER target gene and continued into sequence analysis. The results show that all rice varieties studied have 100% alignment similarity and OsFER characteristics on chromosome 11 at LOC_Os11g01530 and chromosome 12 at LOC_Os12g01530, which have striking differences. The complex's complete protein structure is found on Ch. 12, while only a portion of alpha-helix is on OsFER Ch.11 containing active sites polypeptide situs aktif Glutamic Acid (E) Tyrosin (Y) and built the Ferroxidase diiron centre. The relative gene expression was applied  in two rice varieties: Kangkung (tolerant) and Sunggal (sensitive) under FeSO4 stress and oxidative stress induced by H₂O₂ treatment conditions: FeSO₄ 300ppm, FeSO₄ 600ppm, H₂O₂ 30mM, H₂O₂ 60mM, and combination of FeSO₄ 300ppm and H₂O₂ 30mM. Relative gene expression was quantified using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). The amplification efficiency of OsFER Ch.11, OsFER Ch.12, and GAPDH was determined to be 93%, 105%, and 96%.In the Kangkung variety, the expression ratio of OsFER genes was significantly higher for OsFER Ch.12 compared to OsFER Ch.11. OsFER Ch.12 expression was highest under Fe2+ stress conditions, with values of 1.329 at 300 ppm FeSO₄ and 1.207 at 600 ppm FeSO₄. Conversely, OsFER Ch.11 expression was repressed under these conditions, with values of 0.717 and 0.704, respectively. In contrast, under stress conditions, the Sunggal variety did not exhibit significant changes in gene expression for either OsFER Ch.11 or Ch.12.These findings suggest that the higher expression of OsFER Ch.12 in the Kangkung variety contributes to its enhanced tolerance to Fe²⁺ stress compared to the more susceptible Sunggal variety. Differences in the regulation of OsFER gene expression have the potential to provide insight into differences in the mechanisms of tolerance to Fe²⁺ stress and oxidative damage between rice varieties.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Infeksi merupakan penyebab kematian yang penting pada thalassemia. Peningkatan risiko infeksi disebabkan oleh banyak faktor antara lain karena kelebihan besi dan splenektomi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan fungsi fagositosis monosit pada pasien thalassemia mayor pasca splenektomi dan non splenektomi serta mengetahui hubungan fungsi fagositosis monosit dengan kadar feritin serum. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan di Departemen Patologi Klinik RSCM, Jakarta pada September 2013 ? Februari 2014. Desain penelitian potong lintang, dengan subjek penelitian pasien thalassemia mayor, terdiri dari 58 subjek pasca splenektomi dan 58 subjek non splenektomi yang telah dilakukan macthing umur dan jenis kelamin. Dilakukan pemeriksaan fagositosis monosit menggunakan E.coli yang telah diopsonisasi dan dilabel FITC sebagai target, (PhagotestTM) dan diperiksa dengan flow cytometry BD FACSCalibur. Kadar feritin serum diperiksa dengan Cobas e 601. Hasil: Median fagositosis monosit pada 58 subjek pasca splenektomi 5,03 (0,17 ? 22,79) %, dan pada 58 subjek non splenektomi 7,09 (0,11 ? 27,24) %, dan nilai p > 0.05. Kadar feritin serum pada subjek pasca splenektomi 6.724 (644,60 ? 21.835) ng/mL dan subjek non splenektomi 4.702,50 (1.381 ? 14.554) ng/mL, dan nilai p < 0.05. Hasil uji korelasi fungsi fagositosis monosit dengan kadar feritin didapatkan r = 0.13 (nilai p = 1.00). Kesimpulan: Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara fungsi fagositosis monosit pada pasien thalassemia mayor pasca splenektomi dan non splenektomi. Kadar feritin serum pada pasien thalassemia mayor pasca splenektomi lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan non splenektomi. Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara fagositosis monosit dengan kadar feritin serum.

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ABSTRACT
Background : Infection is an important cause of death in thalassemia. Increase of risk of infection could be due to iron overload and post-splenectomy. The study aimed to determine the difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized and non- splenectomized patients with thalassemia major, and the correlation of phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level. Methods : The study was conducted in Department of Clinical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, Jakarta, in September 2013 ? Februari 2014. It was a cross sectional study. The study subjects consisted of 58 post-splenectomized patients and 58 non-splenectomized patients with age and sex matching. Phagocytosis function of monocyte was determined using E.coli opsonized and labelled with FITC as target, (Phagotest TM) and was measured by flow cytometry BD FACSCalibur. Serum ferritin level was measured using Cobas e 601. Result : Median phagocytosis of monocyte was 5,03 (0,17 ? 22,79) %, in 58 post- splenectomized subjects and 7,09 (0,11 ? 27,24) % in non-splenectomized subjects; p value > 0.05. Serum ferritin level was 6.274 (644,60 ? 21.835) ng/mL in post-splenectomized subjects and 4.702,50 (1.381 - 14.554) ng/mL in non-splenectomy subjects; p value < 0.05. The correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level was r = 0.13 ( p value = 1.00). Conclusion : There was no statistical difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized subjects and non-splenectomized subjects. Serum ferritin level in post- splenectomized was higher than non-splenectomized subjects. There was no correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level.;Background : Infection is an important cause of death in thalassemia. Increase of risk of infection could be due to iron overload and post-splenectomy. The study aimed to determine the difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized and non- splenectomized patients with thalassemia major, and the correlation of phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level. Methods : The study was conducted in Department of Clinical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, Jakarta, in September 2013 – Februari 2014. It was a cross sectional study. The study subjects consisted of 58 post-splenectomized patients and 58 non-splenectomized patients with age and sex matching. Phagocytosis function of monocyte was determined using E.coli opsonized and labelled with FITC as target, (Phagotest TM) and was measured by flow cytometry BD FACSCalibur. Serum ferritin level was measured using Cobas e 601. Result : Median phagocytosis of monocyte was 5,03 (0,17 – 22,79) %, in 58 post- splenectomized subjects and 7,09 (0,11 – 27,24) % in non-splenectomized subjects; p value > 0.05. Serum ferritin level was 6.274 (644,60 – 21.835) ng/mL in post-splenectomized subjects and 4.702,50 (1.381 - 14.554) ng/mL in non-splenectomy subjects; p value < 0.05. The correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level was r = 0.13 ( p value = 1.00). Conclusion : There was no statistical difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized subjects and non-splenectomized subjects. Serum ferritin level in post- splenectomized was higher than non-splenectomized subjects. There was no correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level., Background : Infection is an important cause of death in thalassemia. Increase of risk of infection could be due to iron overload and post-splenectomy. The study aimed to determine the difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized and non- splenectomized patients with thalassemia major, and the correlation of phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level. Methods : The study was conducted in Department of Clinical Pathology Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital, Jakarta, in September 2013 – Februari 2014. It was a cross sectional study. The study subjects consisted of 58 post-splenectomized patients and 58 non-splenectomized patients with age and sex matching. Phagocytosis function of monocyte was determined using E.coli opsonized and labelled with FITC as target, (Phagotest TM) and was measured by flow cytometry BD FACSCalibur. Serum ferritin level was measured using Cobas e 601. Result : Median phagocytosis of monocyte was 5,03 (0,17 – 22,79) %, in 58 post- splenectomized subjects and 7,09 (0,11 – 27,24) % in non-splenectomized subjects; p value > 0.05. Serum ferritin level was 6.274 (644,60 – 21.835) ng/mL in post-splenectomized subjects and 4.702,50 (1.381 - 14.554) ng/mL in non-splenectomy subjects; p value < 0.05. The correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level was r = 0.13 ( p value = 1.00). Conclusion : There was no statistical difference of phagocytosis function of monocyte between post-splenectomized subjects and non-splenectomized subjects. Serum ferritin level in post- splenectomized was higher than non-splenectomized subjects. There was no correlation between phagocytosis function of monocyte and serum ferritin level.]