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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pasir besi merupakan komoditi yang penting pada pengolahan industri besi dan baja didunia. Saat ini Indonesia masih mengimpor bahan baku industri besi dan baja dari negara luar seperti China, Brazil, Swedia, dan lainnya. Padahal, sumber daya pasir besi di Indonesia mampu untuk menjadi salah satu alternatif dalam pengembangan industri ini. Namun, dalam prosesnya pengembangan industri pengolahan pasir besi memiliki banyak hambatan, baik dari segi teknis maupun non-teknis. Kekurangan penelitian tentang teknologi pengolahan pasir besi yang mumpuni masih menjadi faktor penghambat. Selain itu kandungan titanium yang ada pada pasir besi yang umumnya di Indonesia juga menjadi masalah yang teknis bagi pengembangan industri ini. Untuk itu diperlukan suatu penelitian tentang pengolahan pasir besi. Pada penelitian dilakukan suatu metode penggunaan ukuran partikel serta proses magnetik untuk melakukan preparasi awal suatu proses peningkatan kadar titanium dari pasir besi. Sampel awal pasir besi yang digunakan berasal dari daerah Tasikmalaya. Pada awalnya, pasir besi akan diberikan proses pengeringan selama 30menit untuk mengurangi kadar air dalam pasir besi tersebut. Setelah pengeringan selesai sampel dianalisis komposisi dengan menggunakan EDS. Kemudian sampel akan melalui tahapan pengayakan. Pada proses ini, pasir besi akan terpisah menjadi beberapa ukuran partikel, diantaranya 80#, 100#, 120#, 140#, 170#, dan 270#. Setelah itu sampel dilakukan uji EDS untuk melihat kadar titanium tertinggi. Kemudian sampel diberikan proses pemisahan secara magnetik dengan 3 variabel, yakni 0.5T, 1.3T, 1.8T. Setelahnya sampel dianalisis kembali kadarnya untuk kemudian memperoleh hasil peningkatan kadar titanium setelah proses-proses tersebut. Pada awal pengeringan, sampel memiliki kadar Ti sebesar 4.43%. Setelah melalui proses pengayakan, sampel dengan kadar titanium tertinggi adalah sampel yang memiliki ukuran partikel 270#, yakni sebesar 11.87%. Sampel ini kemudian menjadi sampel utama pada proses pemisahan magnetik. Pada proses pemisahan magnetik didapatkan terjadi penurunan kadar titanium pada penggunaan induktansi sebesar 0.5T dan 1.3T. Namun, pada saat penggunaan induktansi 1.8T, sampel mengalami peningkatan kadar Ti menjadi 14.22%.

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ABSTRACT
Iron sand is an important commodity in the processing of iron and steel industry in the world. As we know, Indonesia still import raw materials of this industry from foreign countries, for example, China, Brazil, Sweden, etc. In fact, iron sand resources in Indonesia is able to be one of the alternatives resources in the development of this industry. However, the development of the iron sand processing industry has much barriers, both technical and non-technical. We can developed iron sand to be a potential source for titanium processing industry. Titanium processing industry in Indonesia itself is still rarely developed. This is because of some difficulties in the process. Shortage of research on developed technologies that capable and friendly to environtment is still a limiting factor. In addition the content of titanium in the iron sand is also being a technical problem for the development of this industry. This requires a deep study of the iron sand processing. In this research carried out a method using magnetic and particle size as well as the process of preparation of titanium extraction. Initial sample of iron sand used comes from Tasikmalaya region. First of all, the iron sand will be given the drying process for 30 minutes to reduce the water content in the iron sand. After that, the samples were analyzed its composition by using EDS. Then the sample will be sieving through 6 stages. In this process, iron sand will be separated into several particle sizes, such as 80 #, 100 #, 120 #, 140 #, 170 #, and 270 #. After that, the samples tested with EDS to see which sample has the highest levels of titanium content. Then the sample is given by the magnetic separation process with 3 variables, 0.5T, 1.3T, 1.8T.Last process is the samples were analyzed EDS for second time. At the beginning of drying, the samples had levels of 4.43% Ti. After going screening process, samples with 270# has highest titanium content, which is equal to 11.87%. Than this samples then become the main sample in the magnetic separation process. In the process of magnetic separation there are some decreased levels of titanium content in the use of an inductance of 0.5T and 1.3T. Howe

Abstrak :
Work Breakdown Structure WBS adalah perincian deliverable dan pekerjaan proyek menjadi komponen yang lebih kecil sehingga dapat dikelola lebih baik. Pada kenyataannya, proyek konstruksi jembatan di Indonesia masih banyak yang tidak sesuai dengan perencanaan dalam segi penjadwalan. Oleh karena itu, pengembangan Standarisasi WBS berbasis risiko diusulkan untuk perencanaan penjadwalan pekerjaan Jembatan Baja. Penelitian yang dilakukan terdiri dari beberapa tahap dengan metode analisis risiko kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan WBS standar terdiri dari 6 level, dengan variabel risiko dominan terhadap kinerja waktu proyek,yang akan di rekomendasi sebagai respon-respon risiko untuk pengembangan WBS standar. ......Work Breakdown Structure WBS is a breakdown of deliverables and project work into smaller components that can be better managed. In fact, bridge construction projects in Indonesia are still many that are not in accordance with the planning in terms of scheduling. Therefore, the development of risk based WBS Standardization is proposed for planning schedule of Steel Bridge work. The research consists of several stages with qualitative risk analysis method. The results show that WBS standard consists of 6 levels, with the dominant risk variable on project time performance, in which risk responses are recommended to develop standardized WBS.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Pada perkembangan desain moderen, aspek arsitektural dari jembatan harus di ekspresikan dalam desain struktur. Rangka pada jembatan akan lebih menarik secara visual jika tidak memiliki rangka diagonal, sehingga jembatan dengan sistem balok menerus atau sitem rangka vierendeel merupakan pilihan yang tepat. Penelitian ini berfokus pada respon seismik dari struktur jembatan balok menerus dan jembatan vierendeel dengan memvariasikan kekakuan elastomeric rubber bearing, kekakuan pilar, panjang bentang jembatan, dan jenis pilar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan sistem rangka vierendeel lebih efisien dibandingkan sistem balok menerus.

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ABSTRACT
In the development of modern design, the architectural aspects of the bridge must be expressed in the design of the structure. The frame on the bridge will be more visually appealing if it does not have any diagonal frame, so a bridge with a continuous beam system or vierendeel system is the right choice. This study focuses on the seismic response of the continuous bridge beam structure and vierendeel bridge by varying elastomeric rubber bearing stiffness, pillar rigidity, the span of the bridge, and pillar type. The results showed that the vierendeel frame was more efficient than continuous beam system.

Abstrak :
In recent years, bridge engineers and researchers are increasingly turning to the finite element method for the design of steel and steel-concrete composite bridges. However, the complexity of the method has made the transition slow. Based on twenty years of experience, Finite element analysis and design of steel and steel-concrete composite bridges provides structural engineers and researchers with detailed modeling techniques for creating robust design models. The book?s seven chapters begin with an overview of the various forms of modern steel and steel?concrete composite bridges as well as current design codes. This is followed by self-contained chapters concerning: nonlinear material behavior of the bridge components, applied loads and stability of steel and steel?concrete composite bridges, and design of steel and steel?concrete composite bridge components.