Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Internatianal humanitarian Imhr and human rights Imv haw a similar relationship and goal. In term of its coverage and target, however they are different each other. In one hand, international humanitarian law is an emergency law and implementation in external and internal arm conflict situation. On the other  hand, human rights law is applied both in peace and war situation."

"Masyarakat hukum adat sebagai suatu masyarakat yang tetap dan teratur telah berkembang secara internasional hal ini di dukung dengan adanya pembentukan United Nations Declaration on the rights of Indigenous People (UNDRIP) yang telah disahkan oleh PBB pada tahun 2007. Di Indonesia ketentuan mengenai masyarakat hukum adat telah tertuang pada Pasal 18 B ayat (2) UUD 1945. Tulisan ini disusun dengan menggunakan metode penelitian doktrinal. Dengan menganalisis bagaiman a pembentukan Rancangan Undang – Undang (RUU) tentang Masyarakat Hukum Adat berpengaruh terhadap upaya pemenuhan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia bagi masyarakat hukum adat. Rencana pembentukan RUU tentang masyarakat hukum adat tersebut telah ada sejak tahun 2004, dan pada tahun 2016 hingga 2018 RUU tersebut sudah masuk kedalam Program Legislasi Nasional (Prolegnas) di dalam DPR. Namun hingga saat ini RUU tersebut belum juga dilakukan pengesahan oleh pemerintah. Senyatanya pembentukan RUU tersebut sudah ada masuk dalam tahap urgensi seperti banyak kasus perampasan wilayah yang menimpa masyarakat hukum adat, pelanggaran hak atas free, prior, dan informed consent (FPIC) yang dimiliki oleh masyarakat hukum adat terhadap pernyataan persetujuan atas suatu agenda, pelanggaran terhadap hak konstitusional termasuk hak politik, serta perempuan adat yang sering dihadapkan terhadap permasalahan diskriminasi. Dalam RUU tentang Masyarakat Hukum Adat yang saat ini masuk dalam tahap pembahasan DPR juga tak luput dari permasalahan, beberapa pasal menimbulkan kerancuan dalam implementasinya misalkan Pasal 11 hingga Pasal 17 yang memuat mengenai proses identifikasi dan verifikasi, Pasal 6 terhadap ketentuan persyaratan, Pasal 22 terhadap ketentuan perlindungan, dan Pasal 20 terhadap ketentuan evaluasi. Beberapa pasal dan ketentuan tersebut belum mencerminkan tujuan utama pembentukan RUU tentang Masyarakat Hukum Adat, namun secara nyata hal tersebut justru banyak mengurangi hak yang seharusnya diperoleh oleh masyarakat. Hal inilah yang menjadikan pengesahan RUU tentang Masyarakat Hukum Adat menjadi hal yang penting disahkan untuk melakukan pemenuhan dan perlindungan hak asasi manusia bagi masyarakat hukum adat.

---

Indigenous Peoples, as stable and organized societies, have developed internationally, supported by the establishment of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP), which was ratified by the UN in 2007. In Indonesia, provisions concerning indigenous peoples are outlined in Article 18B, Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution. This paper is composed using doctrinal research methods. It analyses how the drafting of the Draft Law on Indigenous Peoples impacts efforts to fulfill and protect human rights for indigenous legal communities. The plan to establish the Draft Law on Indigenous Peoples has been in place since 2004, and from 2016 to 2018, the draft law was included in the National Legislation Program (Prolegnas) within the House of Representatives (DPR). However, to date, the draft law has not yet been enacted by the government. In fact, the drafting of this draft law has reached an urgent stage due to numerous cases of territorial seizures affecting indigenous legal communities, violations of the right to free, prior, and informed consent (FPIC) regarding their approval of certain agendas, violations of constitutional rights including political rights, and indigenous women often facing issues of discrimination. The Draft Law on Indigenous Peoples currently under discussion in the DPR is not without problems. Several articles cause confusion in their implementation, such as Articles 11 to 17, which cover the processes of identification and verification. Article 6, which pertains to the requirements. Article 22, which concerns protection provisions. And Article 20, which deals with evaluation provisions. These articles and provisions do not yet reflect the main objectives of forming the Draft Law on Indigenous Peoples. In fact, they often diminish the rights that should be granted to the communities. This underscores the importance of enacting the Draft Law on Indigenous Peoples to ensure the fulfillment and protection of human rights for Indigenous Peoples."

"Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif yang diuraikan secara deskriptif, oleh karena itu penelitian ini menekankan pada data primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Selain itu dengan menggunakan data sekunder melalui kajian daftar pustaka berdasarkan kajian buku akan tergambar perkembangan konsep supervisi. Berdasarkan kerja lapangan yang diterima ditemukan fakta bahwa, di Lembaga Remaja Kelas IIA Tangerang terjadi kelebihan kapasitas penghuni. Hal ini telah ditangani oleh Lembaga namun belum optimal, karena penghuni yang tersedia bukan hanya narapidana, melainkan lebih banyak narapidana titipan. Sehingga mengakibatkan over kapasitas. Berdasarkan over kapasitas Lembaga Pemuda Kelas IIA Tangerang Lembaga Pemuda Kelas IIA Tangerang. Hal ini disebabkan karena semakin meningkatnya faktor tingkat kriminalitas, akibat faktor ekonomi dan kebutuhan hidup. Oleh karena itu dapat disarankan kepada Lembaga agar narapidana tersebut dipindahkan ke lembaga yang belum melebihi kapasitasnya, dan hukuman pengawasan 3 bulan tidak boleh dimasukkan ke dalam Lembaga Pemasyarakatan tetapi diberikan oleh pengurus di dinas sosial

---

This research used the qualitative approach method that was untangled in a descriptive manner, therefore this research stressed the primary data that was received through the deep interview and observation. Besides using the secondary data through the study of the bibliography be based on study the book will be depicted by the development of the concept of the supervision. Was based on field work was received by the discovery concerning, in the Institution people young class IIA Tangerang happened over occupants capacity. This matter has been done by the handling by the Institution but not yet optimal, because of available occupants are not only the prisoner, but more entrusted prisoner. So as result in over capacity. Based on the over capacity of the Institution people young class IIA Tangerang Institution people young class IIA Tangerang. This because of having the criminal level factor increased, as a result of the economic factor and the requirement for the life. Because of that could be suggested to the Institution that the prisoner must be moved to a institution that have not yet over capacity, and the punishment were supervised 3 months might not be put into the Correctional Institution but were given by the management in the social service."

"Human rights violations become on interesting topic in this 21st century along with emerging respects for civil rights for every violent action. Every person has freedom from persecution and violence either by militia or military force. This can be seen from the establishment of the international Criminal Court (ICC) to prosecute war crimes and crimes against humanity. These efforts are aimed to those who are violating human rights especially by the military force which they can be brought before the ICC for their actions."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas perkara PMH yang terjadi di Indonesia berupa pelanggaran HAM yang dimintakan ganti kerugiannya dengan Alien Tort Statute di Pengadilan Federal Amerika Serikat. Dua perkara yang dianalisis adalah perkara Tom Beanal v. Freeport-McMoran Inc, and Freeport MrMoran Copper and Gold, Inc., Civil Action No.96-1474 section "K", United States District Court For the Eastern District Court of Lousiana dan Doe v. Exxon Mobile Corp., No. Civ.A 01-1357 (LFO), United States District Court of Columbia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan metode penentuan hukum yang berlaku yang digunakan oleh hakim tidak memuaskan.

---

ABSTRACTThis thesis analyzes the Tort in the form of the violation of human rights occurred in Indonesia but litigated before the Federal Court of United States of America using Alien Tort Statute. The Cases discussed in this thesis are Tom Beanal v. Freeport-McMoran Inc, and Freeport MrMorran Copper and Gold, Inc., Civil Action No.96-1474 section "K", United States District Court For the Eastern District Court of Lousiana and Doe v. Exxon Mobile Corp., No. Civ.A 01-1357 (LFO), United States District Court, District Court of Columbia. The Result of this research shows that the method used by the Judge in determining applicable law is unsatisfying."

"Situations of actual or potential violence present a number of challenges to the application and implementation of human rights law in general and socio-economic rights obligations more specifically. This book sets out the legal framework, defining what constitutes a minimum universal standard of human rights protection applicable in all circumstances. It assesses the concept and content of ESC (Economic, Social, and Cultural) rights' obligations, and evaluates how far they can be legally applicable in various scenarios of armed violence. By looking at the specific human rights treaty provisions, it discusses how far ESC rights obligations can be affected by practical and legal challenges to their implementation. The book addresses the key issues facing the protection of such rights in times of armed conflict: the legal conditions to limit ESC rights on security grounds, including the use of force; the extraterritorial applicability of international human rights treaties setting out ESC rights; the relationship between human rights law and international humanitarian law; and the obligations of non-state actors under human rights law and with particular relevance to the protection of ESC rights. The book assesses the nature of these potential challenges to the protection of ESC rights, and offers solutions to reinforce their continued application."

"the code of law of criminal procedure instead of HIR the product of colonial government of nederlands indie contains the participle of fair legal process giving guarantee and protection of human rights, applying the principle in all stages of criminal justice process : preadjudication , adjudication, and postadjudication. In order to apply the fair legal process, it is therefore needed to provide a model of legal enforcer. Without goodwill of legal enforcer to implement the fair legal process, only the arbitrary malpractices of criminal justice and the power of legal enforcer will be in force."

"In the context past gross human rights violation cases in Indonesia, the President’s constitutionalauthority to propose amnesty law might by and large implicate legal and ethical aspects.Holistically, any forgiveness and oblivion against any human rights violators should consider thedevelopment and the dynamic of international criminal law, which arguably have been directedto an absolute individual criminal responsibility. Against this issue, this paper finds that based onlegal and ethical arguments, accompanied with various technical preconditions outlined in theBelfast Guideline on Amnesty and Accountability, an amnesty towards past gross human rightsviolators must be taken paradigmatically. Arguably, amnesty proceeding through an independentad hoc committee shall be able to challenge Indonesia’s transitional framework, namely: to workas a historian and a jurist. This suggests that the elements of amnesty, both procedural andsubstantial, need to work in the area of deliberative democracy that calls for public participationand the protection of human rights.Dalam konteks kasus pelanggaran berat hak asasi manusia (HAM) di Indonesia, kewenanganPresiden dalam memberikan amnesti dapat berimplikasi pada dua aspek, yakni: legal dan etik.Secara holistik, pemaafan dan pelupaan terhadap para pelanggar HAM pada masa lalu patutmempertimbangkan perkembangan dan dinamika hukum pidana internasional, yang mengarahpada pertanggungjawaban pidana secara absolut. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa logikaargumentatif secara legal dan etik, serta berbagai prasyarat teknis di dalam Belfast Guidelineon Amnesty and Accountability mengindikasikan bahwa amnesti terhadap pelanggar HAM masalalu harus dilakukan secara paradigmatik. Dalam hal ini, proses amnesti melalui komite ad hocyang mandiri dapat menjawab dua tantangan dalam kerangka kerja transisional di Indonesia,yakni: untuk bekerja sebagai sejarawan dan juga praktisi hukum. Dengan demikian, kebijakanamnesti mengisyaratkan bahwa elemen-elemen amnesti secara prosedural dan substantif wajibdijalankan dalam area demokrasi deliberatif yang menghendaki adanya partisipasi publik danperlindungan terhadap HAM."