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"Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan kondisi darurat global dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi. Penyebab terbanyak luaran buruk adalah komorbid yaitu diabetes melitus (DM). Prevalensi dan dampak sesehatan DM di Indonesia tinggi sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh DM terhadap luaran buruk pasien dengan COVID-19. Luaran buruk pada penelitian ini adalah jika selama perawatan pernah terdapat perawatan di ruang intensif, penggunaan ventilator mekanik dan atau kematian. Penelitian ini mencoba menganalisis apakah parameter metabolik yaitu HbA1c, glukosa darah sewaktu (GDS) dan profil lipid pada 48 jam awal perawatan dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi luaran buruk pasien dengan COVID-19 . Sejumlah 66 data pasien yang terdiri dari 33 data luaran buruk dan 33 luaran tidak buruk diikutsertakan pada penelitian. Ditemukan hubungan bermakna secara statistik pada rerata HbA1c, GDS, dan trigliserida sedangkan HDL, LDL dan kolesterol total tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna. Parameter HbA1c, GDS, dan trigliserida berturut-turut mempunyai luas Area Under the Curve (AUC) 71,1% ;71,9 dan 66,7%. Analisis regresi logistik didapatkan model prediksi luaran buruk menggunakan trigliserida >155,4 mg/dL, GDS >122,5 mg/dL, serta ada tidaknya komorbid hipertensi, penyakit ginjal dan komorbid lain.

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is global emergency with high morbidity and mortality. Bad outcome mostly caused by any comorbidity such as diabetic mellitus. Prevalens and impact of diabetes in Indoensia was high so there was high corncern of diabetic effect on COVID-19 bad outcome. Bad outcome in this study refers to intensive care hospitalization, mechanichal ventilation support and death. This study try to analyze whether metabolic parameter HbA1c, random blood glucose (RBG) and lipid profile at 48 hours admission can be used for predicting COVID-19 bad outcome. Sixty six data from patient consist of each 33 bad and good outcome was collected in this study. There is significant association between bad outcome to mean difference HbA1c, RBG and lipid profile but there is no significant association in HDL, LDL and total cholesterol. HbA1c, RBG, and triglyserida have Area Under the Curve (AUC) 71,1% ;71,9 and 66,7%. Regression logistic analysis generate bad outcome prediction model using triglyseride >155,4 mg/dL, RBG >122,5 mg/dL, and whether or not hypertension, renal disease and other comorbidity."

"Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (DM Tipe 2) adalah kelainan metabolik yang ditandai dengan hiperglikemia yang diakibatkan kurangnya sekresi insulin, resistensi insulin, atau keduanya. Kondisi hiperglikemia kronis dapat menyebabkan berbagai komplikasi yang salah satunya adalah kaki diabetik yang menjadi penyebab utama dilakukannya amputasi pada klien DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengalaman klien DM tipe 2 pasca amputasi mayor ekstremitas bawah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Hasil analisis data menghasilkan enam tema, yaitu: perubahan dalam kehidupan setelah amputasi, respon atau perasaan terkait amputasi, mekanisme koping, dukungan sosial yang diterima, makna hidup, dan pelayanan kesehatan yang diterima. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi masukan dalam meningkatkan kualitas asuhan keperawatan melalui peningkatan dukungan rehabilitasi secara fisik, psikososial, dan spiritual pada klien DM tipe 2 pasca amputasi mayor ekstremitas bawah.

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Experiences of Type 2 Diabetes Clients Following Major Limbs Amputation. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (type 2 DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia as a result of insulin deficiency, insulin resistance, or both. Chronic hyperglycemia conditions can lead to complications such as a diabetic foot as a major cause of amputation among clients with type 2 DM. The purpose of this study was to determine the experiences of clients with type 2 DM following major lower limbs amputation. This study used a qualitative method with phenomenology approach. Six themes revealed: live changes of amputees, amputation response or related feelings, coping mechanisms, social support received, the meaning of life, and health care received. The results of this research are expected to contribute positively in improving the quality of nursing care through physical, psychosocial, and spiritual rehabilitation support provided to clients with type 2 DM following major lower limbs amputation."

"Kurangnya pemahaman mengenai makanan sehat dan gaya hidup saat ini telah menjadi faktor yang mengarah pada penyakit metabolik, seperti hiperkolesterolemia. Hiperkolesterolemia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko aterosklerosis dan sering disebabkan oleh asupan makanan, terutama konsumsi tinggi lemak dan asam lemak jenuh saturated fatty acids, SFA sedangkan asam lemak tidak jenuh tunggal monounsaturated fatty acid, MUFA dan asam lemak tidak jenuh jamak polyunsaturated fatty acid, PUFA diketahui memiliki korelasi negatif terhadap risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Penelitian potong lintang ini bertujuan untuk mencari hubungan antara asupan asam lemak jenuh dan tidak jenuh dengan kadar kolesterol LDL dan apolipoprotein B apoB darah pada karyawan laki-laki hiperkolesterolemia berusia 19-49 tahun. Penelitian ini diikuti oleh 52 subjek, pengumpulan data asupan makanan menggunakan metode food recall 24 jam dan semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire SQFFQ , pemeriksaan antropometri untuk mendapatkan indeks massa tubuh IMT dan lingkar pinggang, dan pemeriksaan darah untuk mengetahui kadar kolesterol LDL dan apoB. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar kolesterol LDL memiliki korelasi yang bermakna dengan asupan SFA tetapi tidak dengan asupan lemak total, MUFA, dan PUFA. Kadar apoB memiliki korelasi yang bermakna dengan kadar kolesterol LDL tetapi tidak dengan asupan lemak total, SFA, MUFA, dan PUFA.

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Lack of understanding about healthy food and today lifestyle have been issues towards metabolic diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia. Hypercholesterolemia is one of the risk factors in atherosclerosis and often caused by dietary intake, especially consumption of high fat and high saturated fatty acids SFA while monounsaturated fatty acids MUFA and polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFA intake are known inversely correlated with cardiovascular disease CVD risks. This cross sectional study was aimed to determine the correlation between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids intake with serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL C and apolipoprotein B apoB levels in hypercholesterolemic male employees aged 19 to 49 years. The study was conducted using 52 subjects, data collection of food intake using 24 hour food recall and semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire SQFFQ , anthropometric measurements for body mass index BMI and waist circumference WC , and blood examination for serum LDL C and apoB levels. The result of this study showed that LDL C levels was correlated with SFA intake but not with total fat, MUFA and PUFA intake. ApoB levels was correlated with LDL C levels but not with total fat, SFA, MUFA and PUFA intake."

""While most of the focus in "omics" science over the past decade has been on sequencing the human genome [1] or annotating the human proteome [2], there is another equally important component of the human body that has, until recently, been largely overlooked: the human metabolome. The human metabolome can be thought of as the complete collection of small molecule metabolites found in our bodies. These small molecules include such chemical entities as peptides, amino acids, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, organic acids, vitamins, minerals, food additives, drugs and just about any other chemical (with a molecular weight 1500 Da) that can be used, ingested or synthesized by humans. Metabolites act as the bricks and mortar of our cells. They serve as the building blocks for all of our macromolecules including proteins, RNA, DNA, carbohydrates, membranes and all other biopolymers that give our cells their structure and integrity. Metabolites also act as the fuel for all cellular processes, the buffers to help tolerate environmental insults and the messengers for most intra- and intercellular events. Together with the genome and the proteome, the human metabolome essentially defines who and what we are."-- Provided by publisher"