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"Latar belakang: Enzim methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) terlibat dalam metabolism asam folat dan tipe allele mempengaruhi aktivitas enzim. Memberikan suplementasi asam folat kepada ibu hamil dapat mempengaruhi perubahan dalam derajat metilasi gen tertentu yang mempengaruhi kesehatan janin. Walaupun sudah banyak penelitian yang mempelajari peran asam folat sebagai donor dalam mekanisme epigenetik, namun penelitian pengaruh suplementasi besi-asam folat pada luaran kehamilan melalui pendekatan interaksi zat gizi-gen dalam desain penelitian longitudinal masih jarang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar serum asam folat pada ibu dan anak, dan derajat metilasi pada gen pencetak insulin-like growth factor (IGF2) yang dikenal terlibat dalam tumbuh kembang anak dan dapat digunakan sebagai penanda kemunculan penyakit Metode: Di tahun 2018, penelitian longitudinal dilakukan dengan mengunjungi 127 subyek termasuk anak yang dilahirkan dan mengikutsertakannya dalam penelitian. Enam puluh tujuh serum asam folat ibu selama hamil dan pasca melahirkan diperiksa, sementara serum asam folat anak dikumpulkan sebanyak 44 spesimen untuk pemeriksaan penanda darah. Pemeriksaan serum asam folat dengan menggunakan the liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Untuk pemeriksaan biomolekuler, tipe allele enzim MTHFR 677C>T and 1298A>C menggunakan Taqman polymerase chain reaction. Sementara metode pyrosequencing digunakan untuk menghitung DNA metilasi pada IGF2 pada anak. Hubungan antar variabel dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier multivariat. Hasil:Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara asupan asam folat dan serum asam folat ibu selama hamil, tiga tahun pasca melahirkan dan anak yang dilahirkan (p>0.05). Penelitian ini tidak dapat menunjukkan hubungan antara tipe allel dari MTHFR 677 C>T dan 1298 A>C dan serum asam folat (p>0.05). Serum asam folat selama hamil juga mempengaruhi status serum asam folat tiga tahun pasca melahirkan (p<0.05) dan status serum asam folat anak (p<0.05). Namun penelitian ini tidak dapat menunjukkan pengaruh status serum asam folat anak dengan DNA metilasi IGF2 pada anak (p>0.05). Simpulan: Serum asam folat selama hamil berkontribusi pada serum asam folat tiga tahun pasca melahirkan dan anak. Genotipe dari MTHFR gene at 677C>T and 1298 A>C kemungkinan tidak terlibat dalam metabolism asam folat pada ibu. Serum asam folat selama kehamilan tidak memiliki dampak pada status metilasi dari IGF2 pada wilayah differentially methylated region (DMR) untuk subyek anak. Namun, beberapa hal harus menjadi perhatian karena, secara statistik, jumlah subyek penelitian tidak memadai. Saran: Perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan yang melibatkan subyek lebih banyak dan metode yang lebih canggih dalam menentukan MTHFR dan metilasi DNA.

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Background: Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, (MTHFR) enzyme is involved in folic acid metabolism, and their allele types affected its activity. Providing folic acid supplementation to pregnant mothers may influence the change in methylation level in specific genes that affect the susceptibility of disease of their offspring. Although folic acid's role as a donor in the epigenetic mechanism has been investigated, a longitudinal study exploring the influence of iron-folic acid supplementation on maternal dan birth outcome by the nutrient-gene interaction approach is lacking. Therefore, we investigated the relationship of serum folic acid level among the mothers and the children, and the imprinted insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) methylation level that is known actively involved in growth and development in children and possibly utilized as a surrogate marker for the disease Methods: In 2018, the follow-up study conducted by re-visited 67 subjects and put the mother and their children included in the study. For each group, sixty-seven serums were collected for folic acid measurement for mothers during gestation and three-year post-partum. Furthermore, forty-four serums for children were gathered for biomarker measurement. Serum folics were measured by using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Determining the genotype of the MTHFR enzyme in position 677C>T and 1298 A>C was used Taqman Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. The pyrosequencing method was utilized to quantify the methylation level of the IGF-2 of the children. The relationship analysis between variables using multivariate linear regression. Results: There was no relationship between the folic acid intake during gestation and serum folic acid of the mothers during pregnancy, three-year post-partum, and the children (p>0.05). There was no relationship between the allele type of MTHFR 677C>T and 1298A>C and serum folic acid status of the mother (p>0.05). The serum folic acid during pregnancy had a significant relationship to the serum folic acid three-year post-partum (p<0.05) as well as the serum folic acid of the children (p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between the serum folic acid of the children, serum homocysteine, and the methylation status of IGF2 of the children (p>0.05). Conclusion: The serum folic acid during pregnancy contributed to the serum folic acid three-year post-partum of mother and the children. The genotype of the MTHFR gene at 677C>T and 1298 A>C was possibly not involved in folic acid metabolism in the mother. Serum folic acid during pregnancy could not have an effect on the methylation status of the IGF2 in the differentially methylated region (DMR) area of the children. However, this conclusion needs to be taken in caution due to lack of study power Recommendation: Further cohorts studies with a large sample size and more advanced methods in determining the MTHFR enzyme and DNA methylation. Keyword: serum folic acid, genotyping MTHFR 677 C>T, MTHFR 1298 A>C, DNA methylation, IGF2."

"Polimorfisme gen Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase MTHFR C677T dihubungkan dengan kejadian hipertensi dan bergantung dengan etnis dan daerah geografis. Stratifikasi risiko dan potensi terapeutik menjadi alasan dilakukannya sejumlah studi pada gen MTHFR ini. Hingga saat ini belum ada studi yang menghubungkan polimorfisme MTHFR C677T dengan hipertensi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara polimorfisme C677T pada gen MTHFR dengan hipertensi pada masyarakat rural di desa Gunung Sari, Bogor-Indonesia. Total sebanyak 415 subyek yang terdiri dari 213 subyek dengan hipertensi dan 202 subyek normotensif sebagai kontrol, menjalani pemeriksaan polimorfisme MTHFR C677T dengan menggunakan metode Taqman. Terdapat perbedaan polimorfisme MTHFR C677T yang bermakna antara kelompok hipertensi dengan kelompok kontrol 62,9 CC; 34,3 CT; 2,8 TT vs 77,7 CC; 20,8 CT; 1,5 TT . Setelah disesuaikan dengan usia, indeks massa tubuh, lingkar pinggang, dan status diabetes mellitus, didapatkan hubungan antara polimorfisme MTHFR C677T dengan kejadian hipertensi OR 2,1; 95 IK 1,3-3,5 . Sebagai kesimpulan, terdapat hubungan antara polimorfisme MTHFR C677T dengan kejadian hipertensi pada populasi desa Gunung Sari, Kabupaten Bogor, Indonesia.

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Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism is associated with hypertension depending on ethnic and geographic region. Risk stratification and therapeutic potential has become the common reason of recent studies on this gene. No study of MTHFR C677T polymorphism on hypertension is available in Indonesia. This study sought to determine the association of MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism and hypertension in rural population of Gunung Sari Village, Bogor Indonesia. A total of 415 subjects consisting of 213 hypertensive subjects and 202 normotensive subjects as a control group, underwent MTHFR C677T polymorphism examination using Taqman method. There was a significant difference of MTHFR C677T polymorphism between hypertensive group and control group 62,9 CC 34,3 CT 2,8 TT vs 77,7 CC 20,8 CT 1,5 TT . After adjustment of age, body mass index, waist circumference, and diabetes mellitus, there was an association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism with hypertension OR 2,1 95 CI 1,3 3,5 . As conclusion, there is an association between MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism and hypertension in rural population of Gunung Sari Village, Bogor Indonesia"