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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
A study on microbiological quality of Nasi Rames was carried out ifrom December 1996 to January 1997. One hundred and two samples of Nasi Rames were collected and 102 food handler were interviewed.

The microbiological contamination was assessed by using the method of enumeration of Indicator organisms (Aerobic Plate Count, Coliforms, and Escherichia coli) in PetrifilmTM at SEAMEO TROPMED Laboratory, Jakarta.

High microbial counts were found in food samples. More than 21 % of food samples contained APC higher than 106 CFUIg food. Coliform counts higher than 102 CFUIg was found in 75.5% of Nasi Rames and 42.2% of the samples were contaminated with E. coll.

The study did not find geographical pattern of microbiological contamination in studied area or any significant differences between districts as well as environment. Statistical analysis showed there was significant difference in microbial counts between vendor 1 and vendor 2.

Further statistical analysis on risk factors contribute to microbial contamination showed that water source was associated with high counts of APC (p=0.016) and that the manner of waste disposal was associated with E. coli contamination (p=0.025).

The study has suggested that the basic facilities were essential in the street vending operation. Considering that street food cater for numerous people, there are urgent needs to improve the microbiological quality of street foods. Actions should be taken to provide basic facilities and introduce the knowledge on food hygiene to street food vendors as well as the consumer.

Abstrak :
Kebutuhan akan industri mikro semakin meningkat setiap tahunnya sehingga membutuhkan pengembangan dalam teknologi fabrikasinya,dengan biomachining menjadi salah satu alternatif yang low cost dan ramah lingkungan. Oksigen sangat berpengaruh terhadap metabolisme dari bakteri Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans sebagai cutting tool Biomachining. Pengaruhnya terlihat dari adanya perbedaan nilai material removal rate dalam setiap komposisi oksigen di setiap ketinggian penempatan sampel. Dengan demikian penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat signifikansi pengaruh tersebut dengan menyuplai udara dengan oksigen di dalamnya ke dalam proses dan melakukan karakterisasi terhadap proses biomachining dengan dan tanpa penambahan udara untuk melihat perbandingan pengaruhnya. Percobaan dilakukan dengan tiga ketinggian benda kerja yang berbeda dengan temperatur ruangan 23-25°C. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya pengaruh penambahan udara terhadap nilai MRR dengan kenaikan sebesar 350-400%. Selain itu ditemukan bahwa perbedaan ketinggian tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap perbedaan nilai MRR. Nilai Ra yang terukur dalam percobaan dengan penambahan udara memiliki nilai yang lebih tinggi dari nilai Ra tanpa penambahan udara dengan kecenderungan yang menurun seiring bertambahnya waktu pemesinan. ......Needs of micro product industry is increasing every year so the fabrication technology will need to be increased too with biomachining is one of the alternative that is low cost and environtmentally friendly. Oxygen has a big effect for metabolism of Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans as biomachining cutting tool. The effect is seen in the difference value of Material Removal Rate in the difference composition of oxygen within the height of work piece's placement. So this research is done to see how significant that effect by supplying air, with oxygen as its composition, to the process and do the characterization of biomachining process with and without the added air to see the comparison of the effect. The experiment is done with three different heights of work piece's placement and in the room temperature of 23-25°C. The result shows that there is an effect of adding air to the value of material removal rate with the rise of 350- 400%. The difference of the height of work piece's effect has shown unsignificant effect to the performance of the bacteria. The measured Ra number of added air biomachining has a higher value than the Ra number of non added air with the trend of decreasing along with the increasing of machining time.

Abstrak :
Biomachining merupakan proses alternatif dalam fabrikasi mikro yang tergolong ramah lingkungan karena menggunakan bakteri sebagai cutting tool. Proses biomachining menghasilkan kualitas permukaan yang lebih baik karena tidak menghasilkan panas pada permukaan benda kerja dan berpotensi menghasilkan produk dengan skala mikro yang lebih kompleks. Dalam penelitian ini, proses biomachining mulai dikembangkan variasi teknologi pemakanan, yang bertujuan untuk membuktikan seberapa besar pengaruh pemberian potensial listrik DC terhadap kinerja bakteri Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans NBRC 14262 yang bisa dilihat dari nilai material removal rate (MRR) dan dibandingkan dengan proses biomachining normal (tanpa perlakuan khusus). Hasil pengujian menunjukan bahwa MRR pada penambahan potensial listrik meningkat 15% pada waktu pemakanan 12 dan 24 jam, sedangkan pada waktu pemakanan 18 jam turun 15-20%. ......Biomachining is an alternative process in the micro-fabrication categorized as environmental friendly because it uses bacteria as a cutting tool. Biomachining process produces a better surface quality because it does not generate heat on the surface of the workpiece thatpotentially developedto producemore complex microproducts.In this study, the process was developed variations biomachining technology of material removal rate (MRR), which aims to prove how much of the effect of DC electric potential on the performance of the bacteria Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans NBRC 14262 which can be seen from the value of material removal rate (MRR) and compared with normal biomachining process (without special treatment). The test results showed that the MRR on the potential addition of electricity increased by 15% at the time of removal 12 and 24 hours, while the removal at 18 hours down 15-20%.

Abstrak :
Seiring peningkatan kebutuhan infrastruktur yang maju disertai penerapan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang berwawasan lingkungan, tidak dapat dihindari pembangunan konstruksi di atas lahan gambut. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisa nilai CBR dan nilai DCP tanah gambut daerah Kecamatan Kayu Agung, Sumatera Selatan pada kondisi unsoaked, terhadap penambahan mikroorganisme selulolitik potensial asli. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan metode pencampuran secara konvensional dengan alat penyemprot dengan volume pencampuran (satuan liter) sebanyak 10% dari berat tanah (satuan kg). Setelah dilakukan fermentasi selama 30 dan 45 hari terjadi peningkatan nilai CBR unsoaked dan penurunan nilai DCP unsoaked dari kondisi asli namun perubahan yang terjadi tidak signifikan. ......Along with the increase of advanced infrastructure needs and application of green science and technology, constructions on peatland is undeniable. This research aims to increase CBR value and to decrease DCP value for improving support capability of peat soil. Addition of potential cellulolytic potential microorganisms is a kind of natural solution for faster improvement on mechanical property of peat soil. In this research, the mixing is conventionally by using sprayer with microorganisms volume as much as 10% of soil mass (in litre unit). After fermentation of 30 and 45 days, it shows increase of CBR value and decrease of DCP value from its initial condition yet the results obtained is still in bad condition.