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"China has clearly emulated Russia's previous example of making loud claims and increasing military patrols in the arctic. China will likely become a major player in Arctic trade routes and become a main destination for goods shipped through th northern Sea Route. It is likely that a significant part of future Russian oil and gas production will ultimately be supplied to China. What are the strategic implications of China's active involvement in Arctic politics? The Arctic "Great Game" is often described as a new cold war between the United States and Russia. Regionally the two main protagonists are Russian and Norway. This article makes a different argument . The Arctic has recently become an issue on the Russo-Chinnese, and possibly Russo-Japanese security agenda. The first goal of this article is to examine the arctic policy and strategy of Rusia, perhaps the most difficult nation to understand in terms of arctic security. The second goal of the article is to explain how the Arctic has become an issue of concern in Russia's relationship with China."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh ancaman militer yang dilakukan oleh Korea Utara terhadap nilai tukar dan indeks saham di Korea Selatan selama Korea Utara berada di bawah pemerintahan Kim Jong-un, yakni pada periode 2012-2017. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengkategorisasi ancaman berdasarkan jenisnya, dan juga melakukan analisis perusahaan-perusahaan pada tingkat sektor. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa dari walaupun secara umum nilai tukar dan indeks saham tidak dipengaruhi oleh ancaman militer Korea Utara, pada tingkat sektor, dampak ancaman bisa saja tetap muncul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa antar sektor perusahaan, pengaruh ancaman militer bisa berbeda-beda, tergantung dari karakteristik perusahaannya.

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ABSTRACTThis research was intended to investigate the impact of North Korean military threats under the governance of Kim Jong un, that is from 2012 2017, on the exchange rate of South Korean Won and the stock prices of South Korean companies. This research was done by categorizing threats according to the types of the threats, and also by classifying the companies in South Korea according to their sectors. The result of this research shows that although exchange rates and stock index were not affected by North Korean military threat, but at sectoral level, the result might be different. Depending on the characteristics of the sectors, the impact can vary from one sector to another. "