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Abstrak :

Pendahuluan: Kanker kolorektal (KKR) merupakan salah satu jenis kanker dengan insiden yang tinggi di dunia. Pada 2012, tercatat sekitar 614.000 perempuan dan 746.000 laki-laki terdiagnosis KKR. Dari populasi tersebut, 694.000 orang meninggal karena KKR. Di Indonesia, KKR masuk ke dalam 10 besar jenis kanker dengan insiden tertinggi. Saat ini, banyak teknik terapi yang dikembangkan (radioterapi, kemoterapi, dan imunoterapi) untuk KKR. Akan tetapi, teknik tersebut belum memberikan hasil memuaskan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini ingin menguji terapi alternatif tatalaksana KKR dengan menggunakan minyak ikan, karena sampai saat ini belum ada penelitian in-vivo tentang penghambatan ekspresi TNF-α setelah pemberian minyak ikan pada sel KKR. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimental dari material biologis mencit  penelitian sebelumnya. Jaringan kolon mencit diinduksi AOM dan DSS dan dikelompokkan dalam 6 kelompok (normal (N), kontrol negatif (K-), kontrol positif (K+), kontrol pelarut (KPel), dosis 6mg/kgBB/hari (D1), dan dosis 3mg/kgBB/hari (D2)). Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil uji Tukey menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan antara K- dengan N (p<0,01^**), N dengan D2 (p<0,05^*), N dengan KPel^**, K+ dengan K-^**, K+ dengan KPel^*, K- dengan D1^**, K- dengan D2^*, dan D1 dengan KPel^*. Perbedaan bermakna antara D1 dan D2 terhadap K- (p<0,01 dan p<0,05) menunjukkan minyak ikan dapat menurunkan ekspresi TNF-α. Kesimpulan: Administrasi minyak ikan sebesar 6mg dan 3mg mampu menghambat ekspresi TNF-α pada sel epitel kolon mencit yang diinduksi AOM dan DSS.

 

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Introduction: Colorectal cancer (CC) is one type of cancer with a high incidence in the world. In 2012, about 614,000 women and 746,000 men were diagnosed with CC. Of these, 694,000 people died because of the CC. In Indonesia, cancer is among the top 10 cancers that have the highest incidence. At present, many therapeutic techniques have been developed (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy) for CC. However, this technique has not yet yielded satisfactory results. Therefore, this study wants to examine alternative therapies using fish oil., because until now there has been no in-vivo study about inhibition of TNF-α results after receiving fish oil on CC cells. Method: This research is a experimental study using the biologic material mice from previous studies. Colon tissue of mice was induced by AOM and DSS and grouped into 6 groups: normal (N), negative control (K-), positive control (K +), solvent control (KPel), dose 6mg/kgBW/day (D1), and dose 3mg/kgBW/day (D2)). Result and Dicussion: Tukey's test results show there are differences between K- with N (p <0.01**), N with D2 (p <0.05*), N with KPel **, K + with K - **, K + with KPel *, K- with D1 **, K- with D2 *, and D1 with KPel *. Significant differences between D1 and D2 on K- (p<0,01 dan p<0,05) indicate that fish oil can reduce TNF-α expression. Conclusion: Fish oil administration on 6mg and 3mg were able to inhibit the expression of TNF-α on mice’s colonic tissue induced with AOM and DSS.

 

Abstrak :
Bone tumors: a practical guide to imaging is a concise guide to common tumors encountered by physicians in daily practice. The authors make use of high-yield facts, differential diagnoses, and extensive radiological images to introduce a wide range of bone tumors. The book includes explanations of methods for properly evaluating bone lesions, common imaging modalities used for diagnosis, and individual chapters covering different classes of benign and malignant tumors, including cartilage, osseous, fibrous, miscellaneous, and bone metastases. Bone tumors is an ideal resource for practicing physicians and residents in radiology, orthopedic surgery, pathology, and primary care.

Abstrak :
Summary: A Guide to Oncology Symptom Management (second edition) is a comprehensive, evidence-based resource to lead oncology nursing practice, education, and research. Each chapter addresses a particular symptom, such as pain or fatigue, or an area of impact, such as spirituality or electrolyte imbalances. It takes a holistic approach, addressing a range of common concerns-physical, emotional, social, and spiritual. Some chapters also address specific populations that may have unique symptom experiences, including older adults and caregivers. All chapters provide Definitions of relevant constructs and inclusion of useful theoretical perspectives A review of pathophysiology and etiology related to cancer and specific treatments A framework for symptom assessment, including diagnostic criteria An evidence-based review of pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic management Delineation of the expected outcomes Recommendations for future research. In addition, the authors have provided case studies, patient teaching points, and links to useful information, such as clinical practice guidelines, ONS Putting Evidence Into Practice evidence reviews, and resources for patient teaching. All new to the second edition are chapters that address symptom management at the end of life, family caregiver burden, and distress, which you'll find most helpful given the new American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer's distress screening and management standards. Also included are emerging data related to the genomics of certain symptom phenotypes such as anticipatory nausea and vomiting. The new edition is a must-have resource for oncology nurse clinicians, educators, and scientists. Add it to your medical library today.

Abstrak :
[Cancer caregiving in the United States illuminates these complex concerns with authoritative detail. This wide-ranging volume provides a comprehensive survey of cancer-related issues, including those affecting the care triad (patients-family members- professionals) and quality of care as well as the numerous physical, emotional, and financial challenges that caregivers may need to confront. Sources of caregiver difficulty at each stage of the disease, from diagnosis to end of life, are explored. Each chapter analyzes its topic in terms of practice, research, education, and policy, providing a wealth of literature reviews, assessment and care models, interventions, and recommendations for future study and practice. Coverage includes : caregiving issues for cancer patients with long-term, short-term, and intermittent needs. Family caregivers as members of the treatment team.The impact of health disparities on caregivers. Cancer care policy and advocacy. End-of-life issues for cancer caregivers. Legal, financial, and ethical issues. , Cancer caregiving in the United States illuminates these complex concerns with authoritative detail. This wide-ranging volume provides a comprehensive survey of cancer-related issues, including those affecting the care triad (patients-family members- professionals) and quality of care as well as the numerous physical, emotional, and financial challenges that caregivers may need to confront. Sources of caregiver difficulty at each stage of the disease, from diagnosis to end of life, are explored. Each chapter analyzes its topic in terms of practice, research, education, and policy, providing a wealth of literature reviews, assessment and care models, interventions, and recommendations for future study and practice. Coverage includes : caregiving issues for cancer patients with long-term, short-term, and intermittent needs. Family caregivers as members of the treatment team.The impact of health disparities on caregivers. Cancer care policy and advocacy. End-of-life issues for cancer caregivers. Legal, financial, and ethical issues. ]