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Abstrak :
Metode penugasan fungsional adalah metode penugasan yang tidak profesional, karena perawat tidak memberikan asuhan keperawatan secara utuh. Dengan metode fungsional, perawat tidak mengetahui, tidak memahami dan tidak menguasai masalah-masalah yang terjadi dengan kliennya (Gillies, 1999; Loveridge & Cummings, 1996). Oleh sebab itu perawat seharusnya segera mengadakan perubahan metoda yang profesional sehingga asuhan yang diberikan kepada Mien berkualitas. Ternyata merubah metode penugasan untuk diterapkan tidaklah mudah, metode penugasan profesional mempunyai persyaratan-persyaratan seperti halnya metode tim dan metode primer. Sitorus (1996) menawarkan model praktek keperawatan yang dikenal dengan Model Praktek Keperawatan Profesional (MPKP), namon model MPKP jenis Pemula pun di berbagai rumah sakit di Indonesia tidak dapat diterapkan karena membutuhkan tenaga S-I Keperawatan. Karena adanya keterbatasan-keterbatasan terutama adanya keterbatasan sumberdaya manusia (SDM) keperawatan itu sendiri, maka model-model tersebut juga tidak mudah dilaksanakan. Untuk itu perlu diupayakan suatu metode penugasan yang mengarah pada asuhan profesional. Penelitian ini mencoba memodifikasi metode penugasan profesional tim dan primer dengan MPKP yang disesuaikan denan SDM keperawatan yang ada. Desain yang dipakai adalah " quasi experiment pre and post design ". Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan gambaran yang nyata pengaruh metode penugasan modifikasi tim-primer terhadap kinerja perawat pelaksana. Tanpa penelitian di RS. Bhayangkara Kediri sebagai kelompok intervensi dan RSD Dr. Iskak Tulungagung sebagai kelompok kontrol. Sesuai perhitungan besar sampel dalam penelitian masing-masing populasi adalah 41 perawat pelaksana. Populasi di kedua rumah sakit adalah perawat pelaksana di unit rawat inap. Pengukuran kinerja melalui pernyataan kinerja dengan self assesment sebanyak 55 pernyataan dilakukan dua kali pada masing-masing tempat penelitian yaitu sebelum dan sesudah diberi diberikan intervensi dan penerapan metode penugasan modifikasi tim primer. Hasil penelitian dengan uji "independent t test" dan uji "paired t test" menunjukkan adanya perbedaan kinerja perawat pelaksana di RS. Bhayangkara Kediri sebelum dan sesudah penerapan metode penugasan modifikasi tim primer p- value a 0,05 ), kecuali variabel pendidikan dengan perubahan tanggung jawab pada kelompok kontrol dengan p-value 0,03 artinya secara statistik ada hubungan antara pendidikan dengan perubahan tanggung jawab perawat pelaksana di ruang rawat inap RSD. Dr. Iskak Tulungagung. Penelitian ini telah membuktikan adanya peningkatan kinerja perawat di ruang rawat inap RS. Bhayangkara Kediri yang mendapatkan intervensi dan menerapkan metode penugasan modifikasi tim primer dan adanya perbedaan kinerja perawat pelaksana di ruang rawat inap yang menerapkan metode penugasan modifikasi tim primer dengan yang tidak menerapkan. Daftar bacaan 63 ( 1984 - 2001 )

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The Influence of Modified Primary-Team Tasking Method Application for Associate Nurse Performance at Inpatient Care Unit Bhayangkara Hospital Kediri and Dr. Iskak Hospital TulungagungFunctional tasking method is unprofessional tasking method, because nurse doesn't give complete care. By the functional tasking method, nurse doesn't understand, comprehend and master problems that happened on his/her client. So nurse needs to change the unprofessional method and give high quality nursing care to the client. In the real condition, changing the nursing method never been easy. Professional tasking method needs condition like the primary team method. Sitorus offered nursing practice model that is known as professional nursing model. However, the prime MPKP model in the various hospitals in Indonesia can't be applied because it needs Professional Nurse Strata-1 degree ). It therefore, need to develop a modified tasking method for a professional nursing care. This study tried to after modified tasking method of Professional Nursing Practice Model (MPKP), which the nursing staff criteria is lower than the original MPKP. The study used quasi experimental design with objective to describe the influence the modified tasking method to performance of nurses_ Bhayangkara Hospital of Kediri was the intervention and Regional Government Hospital of Dr Iskak of Tulungagung as the control. Using appropriate formula for sample size, it was calculated that each hospital was remitted nurses. To measure nurse performance, each respondent filled a structured questionnaire (i.e., self assessment) with questions. Each of them filled the questionnaire twice, i.e., before and after the intervention. By using independent & paired t-test, it is showed that there is a significant different of nurse performance at hospital with intervention and with control, before and after intervention (p < 0,05). All respondent's characteristics didn't show as confounding factor, except for education level. The variable showed significant relationship with changed score of responsibility dimension of nurse performance (p<0,03) at Dr. Iskak Hospital of Tulungagung. This study proved that the intervention (the Modified MPKP) increase nurse performance. This study recommends several applicatives such as to apply the tasking method, suggest nurse recruitment with nurse competence us prime criteria to lessen non-nursing assignment to the nurses, on the job in-service training to new recruited nurse, to plan periodic training that needed for improving performance, to develop nursing performance assessment tool the objectively measure their performance. This study also suggests more studies for other tasking method that appropriate for different hospital settings. To examine nurse performance tool of its validity and reliability, to establish sentinel `'nurse area for pilotinglbenchmarking. At list, the study suggests a qualitative approach in addition to quantitative studies to answer more comprehensive research questions on "how and why" of effectiveness of the tasking method. Bibliography list : 63 ( 1984 -2001)

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efektivitas kemampuan kepala ruangan dalam melaksanakan supervisi yang dipersepsikan perawat pelaksana. Latar belakang masalah ini bersumber dari temuan masalah pada waktu peneliti melaksanakan kegiatan resindensi yang menunjukan bahwa kepala ruangan belum optimal dalam supervisi dan supervisi yang dilakukan selama ini bersifat situasional. Tempat penelitian adalah di 8 ruang rawat inap RSUD Budhi Asih Jakarta, dengan responden berjumlah 94 perawat pelaksana yang diambil secara acak dengan teknik simple random sampling (jumlah populasi 210 orang) dengan latar belakang pendidikan SPK, D3/D4 dan S1 Keperawatan. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibuat oleh peneliti sendiri. Desain penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Hipotesis ditetapkan untuk melihat hubungan yang positif antara variabel efektivitas kemampuan kepala ruangan dengan persepsi perawat pelaksana dan variabel confoundinglkarakteristik perawat pelaksana dengan persepsi perawat pelaksana. Uji cobs instrumen dilakukan pada perawat pelaksana di ruang rawat map RSUD Koja Jakarta Utara. Hasil uji coba kuesioner diperoleh nilai a = 0,972. Untuk menguji hubungan antara efektivitas kemampuan supervisi kepala ruangan dan persepsi perawat pelaksana digunakan Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Pada analisis bivariat digunakan regresi tinier sederhana dan untuk analisis multivariat digunakan analisis regresi linier ganda (multiple linier regression). Hasil uji bivariat korelasi Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient diperoleh basil adanya hubungan yang sempurna dan signifikan antara variabel efektivitas kemampuan supervisi kepala ruangan dengan persepsi perawat pelaksana dengan nilai F Sig.=98,384 dan memiliki Pvalue - 0,000 (p < a). Sub variabel efektivitas kemampuan supervisi kepala ruangan yang terdiri dari fungsi manajemen, kompetensi supervisi dan ketrampilan supervisi menunjukkan adanya hubungan kuat dan signifikan dengan persepsi perawat pelaksana yaitu fungsi manajemen (r = 0,881; Pvalue = 0,000), kompetensi supervisi (r = 0,887; Pvalue = 0,000) dan ketrampilan supervisi (r = 0,775; Pvalue = 0,000). Pada uji statistik multivariat diperoleh hasil koefisien determinasi (R2 = 0,848) dan menunjukkan bahwa sub variabel kompetensi supervisi merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap persepsi perawat pelaksana dengan nilai R = 0,698; Pvalue = 0,000 (p < a). Rekomendasi untuk pimpinan dan manajer keperawatan di RSUD Budhi Asih Jakarta untuk memanfaatkan hasil penelitian ini guna perbaikan kualitas pelayanan keperawatan, khususnya dengan meningkatkan supervisi keperawatan yang dilakukan oleh kepala ruangan terhadap perawat pelaksana.

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The aim of this research was to analyze the effectiveness of head nurses' ability in conducting supervision which was perceived by the nurses. The background of this problem came from the situation when the researcher had some residential activity which was showed that the head nurses not yet optimal in conducted the supervision, and the supervision had been done until now was still situational supervision. Research place was in 8 inpatient ward of the Budhi Asih Hospital Jakarta, the number of the sample was 94 nurses which were taken with the random technique of simple random sampling (the number of the population was 210 people) with background education of SPK, D3/D4 and bachelor in nursing (S1). Data collecting was done using with the questionnaire which made by the researcher. Research design which was used in this research was analytic method with the cross sectional approach. Hypothesis specified to see the positive relation between effectiveness head nurses' ability variable with the nurses' perception variable and the characteristic of the nurses with the nurses' perception. The test of the instrument had been done on the nurses? inpatient ward RSUD Koja, North Jakarta. Result of the questionnaire test obtained by value of a= 0,972. The test of the relation between effectiveness head nurses' supervision ability and perception of the nurses was using Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient. This research using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis. Bivariate analysis used simple linear regression and for the multivariate analysis used multiple linear regressions. The result of Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient correlation bivariate test obtained from the result of the relation which was significant between effectiveness head nurses' supervision ability variable with the perception of nurses showed the strong relation and significant with value of F Sig.= 98,384 and pvalue = 0,000 ( p < a). Sub variable of the effectiveness head nurses' supervision ability including management function, supervision competency and supervision skill showed the strong relation and significant with perception nurse with of value management function ( r = 0,881; pvalue = 0,000), supervision competency (r = 0,887; pvalue = 0,000) and supervision skill ( r = 0,775; pvalue = 0,000). Statistical multivariate test obtained the result of determinant coefficient (R2 = 0,848) and indicate that supervision competency sub variable represent the most influenced factor on the nurses' perception with value ( = 0,698; pvalue = 0,000 (p < a ). Recommendation for the Dirrector and the Nursing manager of the Budhi Asih Hospital Jakarta were to exploit the result of this research to improve the quality of the nursing services, specially by improving the nursing supervision conducted by the head nurses to the nurses.