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Abstrak :
Gadai adalah hak kebendaan atas benda milik orang Iain yang semata mata diperjanjikan dengan penyerahan jaminan atas benda tertentu dengan tujuan pengambilan pelunasan hutang dari pendapatan penjualan benda tersebut terlebih dahulu dari kreditu lainnya. Dalam pelaksanaan gadai Perum Pegadaian harus mengikuti segala prosedur yang telah ditentukan oleh Peraturan Direksi. Dalam pelaksanaan gadai seringkali terjadi kasus kasus yang dapat merugikan pemberi gadai ataupun penerima gadai. Seperti kasus wanprestasi, kasus pencurian dan kasus barang palsu. Kasus wanprestasi terjadi apabila nasabah tidak melunasi pinjaman tepat waktu. Dan akibat dari wanprestasi tersebut barang jaminan milik nasabah akan dilelang oleh Perum Pegadaian. Dari hal-hal yang diuraikan tersebut maka timbul beberapa permasalahan yaitu bagaimanakah prosedur pelaksanaan jaminan gadai pada Perum Pegadaian cabang Jatinegara, apakah yang akan dilakukan oleh Perum Pegadaian apabila dalam pelaksanaan perjanjian jaminan gadai pihak debitur wanprestasi atau tidak melaksanakan kewajibannya dan bagaimanakah pertanggungjawaban perum Pegadaian apabila ada barang jaminan milik nasabah yang hilang. Untuk memperoleh kejelasan tersebut metodologi penulisan dilakukan dengan penelitian kepustakaan. Data data yang telah didapat kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif dan dituangkan dalam penulisan tesis ini secara deskriptif analisis. Dan berdasarkan teori serta analisis kasus diperoleh kejelasan bahwa dalam pelaksanaan jaminan gadai, Perum Pegadaian harus melakukannya sesuai Prosedur Pedoman Operasional Kantor Cabang. Apabila ada nasabah yang melakukan wanprestasi maka barang jaminannya tersebut akan dilelang oleh Perum Pegadaian dengan terlebih dahulu melakukan pemberitahuan kepada nasabah tersebut, dan apabila barang jaminan nasabah hilang maka Perum Pegadaian sesuai dengan keputusan direksi Perum Pegadaian nomor 546/UI.1.00211/2005 harus menggantinya sebesar 100% dari harga taksiran. ......Pawn is a right in which can be made by physical transfer of certain objects as pledge, in order to ensure the settlement of the agreement, is precedence from other crediture. Pledge in the agreement such as mortgage or pawn agreement, as a collateral, meant to give legal certainty to the partis in the agreement, that the money being lent, will be returned or repay according to the agreement. ln implementing the agreement, Perum Pegadaian, has to follow some certain procedures. ln pawn and its agreement, there are often happen cases that can harm the interest, nor the pledgor or pledge recipients.cases such as, breach, counterfeit, fake or stolen objects that uses as pledge/collateral, etc. Breach of agreement case, happen when the pledgor fail to settle the debt, according to the agreement. In which resulted to the sell or auction of the pledge/collateral, to settle the debt, by Perum Pegadaian. From all this arose some certain questions and problems, which are, how is the actual procedure of implementing the pledge/colateral as an object to settle the debt, if the pledgor breach the agreement or fail to settle the debt. And other way around, how is the responsibility of Perum Pegadaian in case the pledge/collateral in its possesion is damaged or lost? In order to obtain the explanations, this thesis focused the research at Perum Pegadaian, Jatinegara branch, which represents the procedures in Perum Pegadaian as a whole. Data gathering methods in this thesis are library research, which consist of Primary Law resources and secondary Law resources. Data gathered then analysed qualitatively and served in descriptive analysis method in the thesis. Based on theories and analysis, founded that at branch office level, Perum Pegadaian have to follow the operational procedures guidance. lf there are breach in agreement, by the pledgor, specifically, the pledgor fail to repay the debt according to the agreement, the pledge then will be subjected to be sold or auctioned by Perum Pegadaian, with early notice to the pledgor. And in which cases the pledge or collateral are damaged or lost, than according to the Keputusan Direksi Perum Pegadaian Nomor.546/UI.1.00211/2005, Perum Pegadaian obliged to make the repayment, as much as 100% from the estimated values of the lost or damaged pledge/collateral.

Abstrak :
[PT Pegadaian (Persero) dalam memenuhi kebutuhan masyarakat dalam memperoleh dana yang mereka butuhkan, berusaha untuk meningkatkan layanan dengan menambah program kegiatannya. Selama ini PT Pegadaian (Persero) hanya dikenal dengan produk jasa gadai. Salah satu bentuk penyaluran pinjaman yang sekarang dijalankan oleh PT Pegadaian (Persero) yaitu perjanjian utang piutang dengan jaminan fidusia. Konsekuensi yuridisnya, PT Pegadaian (Persero) harus mengikuti ketentuan yang diamanatkan dalam UUJF. Perjanjian jaminan fidusia agar mempunyai kepastian hukum bagi kreditur dan debitur, harus dibuat dengan akta notaris. Perjanjian jaminan fidusia tersebut harus didaftarkan di kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia, supaya apabila terjadi wanprestasi oleh debitur, kreditur tetap dapat menjalankan ketentuan yang diatur dalam UUJF. Sehubungan dengan hal tersebut, penulis melakukan penelitian tentang pelaksanaan jaminan fidusia pada PT Pegadaian (Persero) ditinjau dari fungsi PT Pegadaian (Persero) sebagai lembaga gadai dan untuk mengetahui akibat hukumnya perjanjian jaminan fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan apabila terjadi waprestasi. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif analisis dengan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Data hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa perjanjian jaminan fidusia pada PT Pegadaian (Persero) dengan nilai penjaminan diatas Rp.10.000.000,- (sepuluh juta rupiah), dibuat dengan akta jaminan fidusia dihadapan notaris dan didaftarkan pada Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia. Sedangkan nilai penjaminan dibawah Rp. 10.000.000,- (sepuluh juta rupiah) hanya dibuat dengan perjanjian jaminan fidusia yang dibuat dibawah tangan dan tidak didaftarkan pada Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia. Perjanjian jaminan fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan pada Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia, apabila debitur wanprestasi dalam pelaksanaan eksekusi kreditur dapat menerapkan Pasal 15 dan Pasal 29 UUJF. Perjanjian jaminan fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan pada Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia dalam pelaksanaan eksekusinya, kreditur harus mengajukan gugatan kepada pengadilan dan dapat menerapkan Pasal 1365 KUHPerdata juncto Pasal 365 KUHP. Sebab lain perjanjian jaminan fidusia yang tidak didaftarkan pada Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia adalah karena biayanya yang mahal dan jarak Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia yang sangat jauh, karena hanya ada di Ibukota Propinsi DKI Jakarta. Seharusnya, Kantor Pendaftaran Fidusia mempunyai kantor perwakilannya pada setiap Kabupaten/ Kotamadya di Indonesia. ......In Meeting the Needs of communities for acquiring the funds that they need, PT Pegadaian (Persero) works hard to improve its services by adding up its programs of activities. All this time, at PT Pegadaian (Persero) as known for pand service products. One of the on the go loan programs from PT Pegadaian (Persero) is promissory notes receivable by fiduciary transfer of ownership. As a juridical consequence, PT Pegadaian (Persero) should follow the provisions as mandated by the Fiduciary Act (UUJF). To be able to have a legal certainty for the debtor and the creditor, the agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership should be made in notarial decree. The agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership should be registered in Fiduciary Registering Office, so that in case of default done by the debtor, the creditor may use the provisions in the UUJF. Inconnection with that, the writer researched the unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership by PT Pegadaian (Persero) to find out the implementation of fiduciary transfer of ownership in PT Pegadaian (Persero) related to the function of PT Pegadaian (Persero) as a pand institution and to find out legal consequences on unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership toward the return and in the case of default. To achieve the objective above, the study was conducted with the analytical descriptive method using normative juridical approach. Data of the research was analyzed by using qualitative method. Based on the research, the result revealed that agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership of PT Pegadaian (Persero) with the value of guarantee above Rp. 10.000.000,- (ten millions rupiah), then made with the fiduciary deed before a notary and registered at Fiduciary Registration Office. If the value of guarantee below than Rp.10.000.000,- (ten millions rupiah), then only be made with agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership and not be registered. In a registered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership, if the debtor are in default in the implementation of the execution, the creditor can apply Article 15 and Article 29 of UUJF. In a unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership, to the execution, the creditor must must file a lawsuit to the court and could apply Article 1365 of the Civil Code juncto Article 365 of the Book of Criminal Law. There is a factor when an agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership is not registered, its is due to expensive cost and great distance of Fiduciary Registration Office, because its only located in the Provincial Capital. The Fiduciary Registration Office shoulc have representatives in every Regency/City. ;In Meeting the Needs of communities for acquiring the funds that they need, PT Pegadaian (Persero) works hard to improve its services by adding up its programs of activities. All this time, at PT Pegadaian (Persero) as known for pand service products. One of the on the go loan programs from PT Pegadaian (Persero) is promissory notes receivable by fiduciary transfer of ownership. As a juridical consequence, PT Pegadaian (Persero) should follow the provisions as mandated by the Fiduciary Act (UUJF). To be able to have a legal certainty for the debtor and the creditor, the agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership should be made in notarial decree. The agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership should be registered in Fiduciary Registering Office, so that in case of default done by the debtor, the creditor may use the provisions in the UUJF. Inconnection with that, the writer researched the unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership by PT Pegadaian (Persero) to find out the implementation of fiduciary transfer of ownership in PT Pegadaian (Persero) related to the function of PT Pegadaian (Persero) as a pand institution and to find out legal consequences on unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership toward the return and in the case of default. To achieve the objective above, the study was conducted with the analytical descriptive method using normative juridical approach. Data of the research was analyzed by using qualitative method. Based on the research, the result revealed that agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership of PT Pegadaian (Persero) with the value of guarantee above Rp. 10.000.000,- (ten millions rupiah), then made with the fiduciary deed before a notary and registered at Fiduciary Registration Office. If the value of guarantee below than Rp. 10.000.000,- (ten millions rupiah), then only be made with agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership and not be registered. In a registered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership, if the debtor are in default in the implementation of the execution, the creditor can apply Article 15 and Article 29 of UUJF. In a unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership, to the execution, the creditor must must file a lawsuit to the court and could apply Article 1365 of the Civil Code juncto Article 365 of the Book of Criminal Law. There is a factor when an agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership is not registered, its is due to expensive cost and great distance of Fiduciary Registration Office, because its only located in the Provincial Capital. The Fiduciary Registration Office shoulc have representatives in every Regency/ City. Keywords : Fiduciary, PT Pegada, In Meeting the Needs of communities for acquiring the funds that they need, PT Pegadaian (Persero) works hard to improve its services by adding up its programs of activities. All this time, at PT Pegadaian (Persero) as known for pand service products. One of the on the go loan programs from PT Pegadaian (Persero) is promissory notes receivable by fiduciary transfer of ownership. As a juridical consequence, PT Pegadaian (Persero) should follow the provisions as mandated by the Fiduciary Act (UUJF). To be able to have a legal certainty for the debtor and the creditor, the agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership should be made in notarial decree. The agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership should be registered in Fiduciary Registering Office, so that in case of default done by the debtor, the creditor may use the provisions in the UUJF. Inconnection with that, the writer researched the unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership by PT Pegadaian (Persero) to find out the implementation of fiduciary transfer of ownership in PT Pegadaian (Persero) related to the function of PT Pegadaian (Persero) as a pand institution and to find out legal consequences on unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership toward the return and in the case of default. To achieve the objective above, the study was conducted with the analytical descriptive method using normative juridical approach. Data of the research was analyzed by using qualitative method. Based on the research, the result revealed that agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership of PT Pegadaian (Persero) with the value of guarantee above Rp. 10.000.000,- (ten millions rupiah), then made with the fiduciary deed before a notary and registered at Fiduciary Registration Office. If the value of guarantee below than Rp. 10.000.000,- (ten millions rupiah), then only be made with agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership and not be registered. In a registered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership, if the debtor are in default in the implementation of the execution, the creditor can apply Article 15 and Article 29 of UUJF. In a unregistered agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership, to the execution, the creditor must must file a lawsuit to the court and could apply Article 1365 of the Civil Code juncto Article 365 of the Book of Criminal Law. There is a factor when an agreement of fiduciary transfer of ownership is not registered, its is due to expensive cost and great distance of Fiduciary Registration Office, because its only located in the Provincial Capital. The Fiduciary Registration Office shoulc have representatives in every Regency/ City. Keywords : Fiduciary, PT Pegada]

Abstrak :
Tanah harta pusaka tinggi di Minangkabau merupakan tanah warisan turun temurun dari nenek moyang masyarakat Minangkabau yang tidak boleh diperjualbelikan, hanya boleh digadaikan dengan syarat-syarat tertentu yang dibenarkan secara adat. Gadai yang dimaksud adalah perbuatan hukum pemindahan hak atas tanah yang bersifat sementara, dimana sipenggadai atau disebut juga dengan sipenjual gadai, untuk sementara waktu bukanlah pemilik tanah itu lagi sampai Ia menebus gadainya itu dari sipembeli gadai. Karena pemegang atau pembeli gadai adalah pemilik tanah itu makanya ia berhak melakukan perbuatan apapun atas tanah itu, batasannya hanya satu yakni ia tidak boleh menjual lepas tanah itu kepada orang lain untuk selama-lamanya. Konsep gadai tanah di Minangkabau ini perlu untuk dipahami, karena pada dasarnya konsep gadai tanah di Minangkabau berbeda dengan konsep gadai tanah biasa. Hak gadai atas tanah di Minangkabau bukanlah berupa hak jaminan atas tanah sebagaimana berlaku pada hak tanggungan/hipotik, sebab dalam gadai-menggadai tanah di Minangkabau yang digadaikan beralih kekuasaannya (hak miliknya) dan beralih pula penikmatannya kepada pembeli gadai selama masa sebelum ditebusi secara sempurna, sedangkan dalam hak tanggungan tanahnya tetap dinikmati oleh pemilik asal. Hukum tanah adat Minangkabau mempunyai aturan sendiri yang mengatur tentang gadai termasuk mekanisme penyelesaian perkaranya jika terjadi sengketa dikemudian hari akibat gadai tersebut.

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The high inheritance land in Minangkabau is a land of hereditary heritage from ancentors of Minangkabau that should not be in traded, shall only be pawned with certain conditions which agreed customarily. That pawning means the tentative legal act of transfer over the land rights, where the people who take in pawn for several time are not the owner of that land until he/she redeem that pawn from the pawn buyer. Because of the pawn buyer is an owner of that land, so he/she get a right to do anything to that land, and the only limit is do not trade that land to anybody else freely at the longest. The concept of pawn in Minangkabau must be understood, because basically the concept of pawn in Minangkabau is different with the usual pawn. The pawn of land rights in Minangkabau wasn?t ledge rights like in mortage, because in pawn of the land in Minangkabau is transfering the ownership and the proprietary and the enjoyment to the pawn buyer as long as redeem?s time not be redeemed perfectly, in whereas in the mortage of land rights still enjoyed by the original owner. The law of the customary land in Minangkabau has own rules whichis governing the pawn including the mechanism of the dispute settlement if there?s happened in the future because of that pawn.