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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kemampuan ekstrak daun Physalis angulata daun ciplukan sebagai inhibitor ramah lingkungan di lingkungan HCl 1 M diinvestigasi menggunakan pengujian polarisasi linear dan weight loss. Adapun diinvestigasi flavonoid dan antioksidan yang menginhibisi permukaan Baja API 5L melalui pengujian FTIR. Variabel bebas yang dipakai yaitu ekstrak konsentrasi inhibitor dalam HCl 1 M, yakni 10 mL, 20 mL, 30 mL, 40 mL, dan 50 mL. Ekstrak daun ciplukan mengandung senyawaan flavonoid yang merupakan inhibitor campuran yang dominan katodik. Inhibitor ini mampu mencegah kerusakan catastrophic akibat agresivitas HCl 1 M dengan mekanisme physisorption hingga 192 jam. Efisiensi inhibitor yang paling tinggi ada di konsentrasi 50 mL sebesar 98,9. Inhibitor ekstrak daun ciplukan berpotensi sebagai inhibitor ramah lingkungan bagi Baja API 5L dilingkungan HCl 1 M.

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ABSTRACT
The ability of Physalis angulata leaves extract as green inhibitor in HCl 1 M environment has been investigated with linear polarization measurement and weight loss method. FTIR analysis was used to investigate flavonoid and antioxidant compound that plays an important role to inhibit corrosion. The free variable that has been used in this study was 10 mL, 20 mL, 30 mL, 40 mL, dan 50 mL. Physalis angulata leaves extract that contain flavonoid play role as mixed inhibitor that predominantly cathodic. This inhibitor can prevent cathasthropic damage due to aggressiveness of HCl 1 M with physisorption mechanism up to 192 hours. The concentration that showed highest efficiency 98.9 was 50 mL. It can be concluded that Physalis angulata leaves extract could be used as an alternative and environmental friendly inhibitor for API 5L in HCl 1 M environment.

Abstrak :
Bawang dayak mengandung naphtoquinon sedangkan herba ceplukan mengandung quersetin dan physalin yang memiliki efek antihipertensi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas antihipertensi kombinasi ekstrak bawang dayak dan herba ceplukan. Deksametason 0,02mg dan larutan NaCl 2,5% digunakan sebagai penginduksi hipertensi. Kelompok normal: akuades, kontrol negatif: CMC-Na 1%, kontrol positif: kaptopril 0,45mg, ekstrak bawang dayak 121,5mg, ekstrak herba ceplukan 232,5mg, dosis kombinasi 1 (BD 40.5mg + HC 77,5mg), dosis kombinasi 2 (BD 81mg + HC 155mg), dan  dosis kombinasi 3 (BD 121,5 mg + HC 232,5mg). Tekanan darah dan berat badan diukur setiap minggu selama 49 hari. Hasil uji antihipertensi menunjukan bahwa, dosis kombinasi 1, 2, dan 3 efektif menurunkan hipertensi dengan p<0,05 dibandingkan dengan tekanan darah pada hari 28. Dosis kombinasi 1 menurunkan tekanan sistolik 32 mmHg (27%), diastolik 29 mmHg (37%), dan MAP 30 mmHg (33%). Dosis kombinasi 1 sudah  cukup untuk menurunkan tekanan darah, kadar angiotensin 2, malondialdehid, VEGF, dan kaveolin-1 dalam plasma serta mengurangi penebalan dinding aorta.  ......Dayak onions contain naphtoquinone while herba ceplukan  contain quercetin and physalin which have antihypertensive effects. This study aimed to test the antihypertensive effectiveness of a combination of dayak onion extract and herba ceplukan. Dexamethasone 0.02mg and 2.5% NaCl solution are used as inducers of hypertension. Normal group: aquades, negative control: CMC-Na 1%, positive control: captopril 0.45mg, dayak onion extract 121.5 mg, herba ceplukan  extract 232.5 mg, combination dose 1 (BD 40.5mg + HC 77.5mg), combination dose 2 (BD 81 mg + HC 155 mg), and combination dose 3 (BD 121.5 mg + HC 232.5mg). Blood pressure and weight were measured weekly for 49 days. The results of the antihypertensive test showed that the combined dose of 1, 2, and 3 was effective in reducing hypertension by p<0.05 compared to blood pressure on day 28. The combination dose 1 lowered systolic pressure by 32 mmHg (27%), diastolic by 29 mmHg (37%), and MAP by 30 mmHg (33%). A combination dose of 1 is sufficient to lower blood pressure, levels of angiotensin 2, malondialdehyde, VEGF, and kaveolin-1 in plasma and reduce thickening of the aortic wall. 

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Physalis angulata L. merupakan tanaman yang banyak digunakan sebagai obat tradisional, oleh karena itu untuk menjaga ketersediaannya perlu dilakukan budidaya, salah satunya dengan kultur in vitro. Penelitian yang dilakukan bertujuan untuk mengetahui respons eksplan daun P. angulata pada medium MS vitamin MS + 2,4-D 0,3 mg l -1 (M1); MS vitamin MS + 2,4-D 0,4 mg l -1 (M2); MS vitamin MS + NAA 0,5 mg l-1 & BAP 0,5 mg l-1 (M3), MS vitamin B5 + 2,4- D 0,3 mg l -1 (M4); MS vitamin B5 + 2,4-D 0,4 mg l-1 (M5); MS vitamin B5 + kombinasi NAA 0,5 mgl & BAP 0,5 mg l-1 (M6). Eksplan dikultur dengan fotoperiodesitas 12 jam. Terdapat 4 kategori respons, yaitu terbentuknya kalus (K), Akar adventif (A), kalus yang kemudian diikuti dengan tumbuhnya akar advenif (KA), serta kalus yang kemudian juga diikuti dengan tumbuhnya akar adventif dan tunas adventif (KAT). Eksplan dapat membentuk K dan KA diseluruh medium, sedangkan eksplan yang membentuk A saja hanya terlihat di medium M2. Sementara itu, eksplan yang membentuk KAT juga hanya terlihat di medium M3 dan M6. Secara keseluruhan, eksplan menunjukkan respons banyak terbentuk di medium M6. Pada penelitian ini, eksplan dapat merespons media perlakuan melalui tahapan kalogenesis dan organogenesis.

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ABSTRACT
Physalis angulata L. is plant widely used in traditional medicines, therefore to keep its availability the cultivation is required, one way to ensure its availability is by using in vitro culture. Research aims to know response of P. angulata?s leaves explant on medium MS supplemented with MS vitamins + 2,4-D 0,3 mg l -1 (M1); MS supplemented with MS vitamins + 2,4-D 0,4 mg l -1 (M2); MS supplemented with MS vitamins + NAA 0,5 mg l-1 & BAP 0,5 mg l-1 (M3), MS supplemented with B5 vitamins + 2,4-D 0,3 mg l -1 (M4); MS supplemented with B5 vitamins + 2,4-D 0,4 mg l-1 (M5); MS supplemented with B5 vitamins + kombinasi NAA 0,5 mgl & BAP 0,5 mg l-1 (M6). The explant were cultured with photoperiodisity in 12 hours. The result show there are four categories response, the first, explant response to form a callus (K), explant response to form adventitious root (A), next is the callus formation that followed by the growth of adventitious root (KA), and the last one callus formation that followed by the growth of adventitious root and adventitious shoot. The explant could form K and KA in every medium, but the one that form A only found in M2. However, the explant that form KAT only found in several medium, which are medium M3 and M6. Overall, the explant show response many formed in medium M6. By this research, the explant could response to several action, such as through organogenesis and calogenesis.