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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Makalah Tesis ini bertujuan untuk memberikan solusi pengendalian signaling storm pada jaringan seluler yang disebabkan oleh efek permintaan koneksi berulang karena gagal melakukan koneksi. Dari hasil pengukuran didapatkan 1% pelanggan dengan low balance telah menyebabkan 65% beban signaling di network. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan melakukan analisis statistic CDR dan performance counter dari network. Makalah Tesis ini menjelaskan mengenai bagaimana cara mengukur dampak dari signaling, parameter performance counter yang relevan, analisis signaling flow PDP context, dan GTP-C plane. Kemudian dibuat suatu solusi dengan menjebak traffic setelah melewati ambang batas kegagalan koneksi.

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ABSTRACT
This thesis is aimed to provide simple yet usefull solution in order to manage signaling storm casued by repeated abnormal signaling due to balance insuffeciency. Meauserement proves 1% of low balance subscriber is causing 65% signaling load in network. Data collection is done by analyzing statistics of CDR (Call Data Record) and performance counters from network. The thesis is describing how to measure the impact from abnormal signaling, elaborating relevant performance counters, analyzing signaling flow of PDP context creation, analyzing GTP-C plane. The information hence is formulated to provide a solution by trapping the traffic after breaching connection failure attempt threshold.

Abstrak :
Pengolahan sinyal fisiologis, seperti Photoplethysmography (PPG), memerlukan penguatan dan filter dalam rentang 0,4 hingga 5 Hz. Derau dapat berasal dari berbagai sumber, termasuk gerakan otot, pernapasan, powerline interference, atau bahkan internal noise dari perangkat itu sendiri. Metodologi penelitian ini menggunakan perbandingan filter analog Butterworth 2nd-order, 4th-order dan 8th-order. Sinyal uji input berasal dari simulator SPO2 tipe MS100 Contect yaitu dengan parameter SPO2 diatur pada 96% 60 Beats Per Minute. Data dari simulator dibaca oleh sensor PPG standar, dan dirubah oleh internal Analog Digital Converter (ADC) pada Nucleo-F429ZI dan data ADC dikirim ke komputer menggunakan protokol UART. Data tersebut disimpan dalam format comma-separated values untuk berikutnya disimulasikan pada model desain filter dengan LTspice (Linear Technology Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Signal-to-Noise-Ratio Butterworth 8th-order yang paling rendah yaitu -0,077 dB sedangkan 4th-Order dan 2nd-Order secara berurutan -0,085 dB dan -0,089 dB ......The processing of physiological signals, such as Photoplethysmography (PPG), necessitates amplification and filtering within the range of 0,4 to 5 Hz. Noise can stem from various sources, including muscle movements, respiration, interference from electrical grids, or even internal noise from the device itself. The methodology employed in this research utilizes analog Butterworth filters of 2nd-order, 4th-order, and 8th-order for comparison. The input test signal originates from an MS100 Contect SPO2 simulator with SPO2 parameters set at 96% and 60 Beats Per Minute. Data from the simulator is acquired by a standard PPG sensor and converted by the internal Analog-Digital Converter (ADC) on the Nucleo-F429ZI. The ADC data is then transmitted to the computer using UART protocol. The data is stored in comma-separated values format for subsequent simulation in the filter design model using LTspice (Linear Technology Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis).The research results indicate that the Signal-to-Noise Ratio of Butterworth 8th-order is the lowest at -0.077 dB, while the 4th Order and 2nd Order have values of -0.085 dB and -0.089 dB, respectively.

Abstrak :
Dalam skripsi ini dirancang dan dibuat sebuah sistem pensinyalan pada bagian pelanggan untuk menerima nomor telepon yang dipanggil menyesuaikan dengan nomor telepon yang bersangkutan. Selanjutnya jika sama maka mikrokontroler pada pelanggan yang dipanggil menghubungkan bel sebagai tanda bahwa line tersambung, kemudian telepon diangkat maka bel akan berhenti berbunyi. Sistem pensinyalan pelanggan ini diterapkan pada teknologi Power Line Communication, yang memanfaatkan aliran listrik sebagai media transmisi sinyal suara dimana carrier yang digunakan 300 - 400 KHz. Power Line Communication (PLC). Sistem pensinyalan ini menggunakan mikrokontroler sebagai pengontrol penerimaan panggilan telepon. Di dalam sistem ini, mikrokontroler mengatur beberapa tugas diantaranya adalah menganalisis panggilan apakah sudah sesuai dengan nomor pelanggan yang dipanggil dan sama dengan bit-bit pada DIP switch, memberi tanda bahwa ada pelanggan lain yang melakukan panggilan, mengatur nada pada saat kondisi offhook dan on hook, maupun nada dialling pelanggan lain dan diterima dalam kondisi di matikan. Keluaran dari system ini akan disimulasikan oleh bunyi pada Buzzer, Tampilan pada LCD dan LEDsebagai indicator. Hasil akhir dari pembuatan alat ini sesuai dengan yang diinginkan.

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This final Project has designed a signaling for subscriber to receiver called on Power Line Communication. System of subscriber signaling is a system can followed information who need a subscriber for connected to the other.This Sytem used on Power Line communication, which the carrier 300 - 400 KHz. This system used microcontroller as controller for called incoming in the subscriber.The microcontroller managed many tasks namely to analisys called the number phone subscriber and called phone number that has correct with dipswitch , controller for condition is Off Hook or On Hook, checking the frequency channel of every electrical phase which is called. This system simulated by buzzer and LED as signal was connect or not the telephone subscriber on the Power Line Communication.

Abstrak :
Sinyal frekuensi ultra rendah dari aktivitas geomagnetik dapat digunakan sebagai penanda awal gempa bumi, di wilayah Sumatera dari tahun 2016 hingga 2018 pada khususnya gempa bumi yang tercatat di stasiun Gunung Sitoli (GSI), Tuntung (TUN), Meulaboh (MLB), dan Sic Cincin (SCI). Penelitian sebelumnya memberikan gambaran rentang frekuensi ultra-rendah yang terkait dengan gempa bumi, berdasarkan ini, peneliti melakukan analisis untuk menemukan frekuensi yang paling berhubungan prekursor gempa menggunakan data gempa bumi yang pernah terjadi dengan memanfaatkan filter bandpass. Data komponen medan magnet dalam fokus Penelitian ini merupakan komponen Z dari medan magnet selama fase pra-seismik. Tentang penelitian ini didapatkan frekuensi optimum pada frekuensi 0,01-0,03 Hz yang reliabel dalam memantau tanda-tanda gempa bumi. ...... Ultra low frequency signals from geomagnetic activity can be used as an early marker of earthquakes, in the Sumatra region from 2016 to 2018, especially earthquakes recorded at Gunung Sitoli (GSI), Tuntung (TUN), Meulaboh (MLB), and Sic Cincin stations. (SCI). Previous research provided an overview of the ultra-low frequency range associated with earthquakes, based on this, the researcher conducted an analysis to find the frequencies most associated with earthquake precursors using earthquake data that had ever occurred by utilizing a bandpass filter. Magnetic field component data in focus This study represents the Z component of the magnetic field during the pre-seismic phase. Regarding this research, it was found that the optimum frequency was at a frequency of 0.01-0.03 Hz which was reliable in monitoring earthquake signs.

Abstrak :
Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) adalah pendekatan pemeliharaan yang berfokus pada keandalan sebuah item. RCM digunakan untuk menentukan kegiatan dan interval waktu pemeliharaan yang dapat meminimalisasi biaya dengan mempertimbangkan kemungkinan kegagalan terjadi dan dampak yang ditimbulkan. Keandalan dan tingkat keselamatan tinggi sangat penting bagi transportasi publik seperti Light Rail Transit (LRT). Sistem yang memastikan keselamatan selama operasional LRT adalah persinyalan dengan syarat utama keandalan yang tinggi. LRT Sumatera Selatan (Sumsel) adalah salah satu transportasi publik di Kota Palembang yang perlu menjaga standar perfomanya guna mempertahankan kebermanfaatan pembangunannya pasca Asian Games 2018. Pemeliharaan yang tepat pada komponen kritis dapat meningkatkan keandalan dan mengurangi jumlah gangguan yang terjadi. Oleh karena itu, perencanaan pemeliharaan komponen kritis persinyalan LRT dengan pendekatan RCM disusun. Clearguard ACM250, trackhead sensor, dan motor wesel adalah komponen kritis persinyalan, didapat dari Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA). Interval waktu pemeliharaan untuk mencapai standar perfoma komponen clearguard ACM250, trackhead sensor, dan motor wesel adalah 25, 11, dan 8 hari. Hasil analisis benefit cost menunjukan penurunan total biaya pemeliharaan setahun operasional sebesar Rp 238.842,53; Rp 150.982,19 dan Rp 102.069,24 dengan rasio sebesar 0,8; 1,5 dan 0,2. ......Reliability Centered Maintenance (RCM) is a maintenance approach focused on reliability of an item. RCM is used to determine actions and intervals of the maintenance that can minimize cost by considering probability of failure and its impact. High reliability and safety of public transportation such as Light Rail Transit (LRT) is highly necessary. Signalling system is the system which ensures the safety during operational of LRT Sumatera Selatan (Sumsel) is one of public transportation in Palembang City that needed to maintain its performance standard in order to keep the benefit of its construction post Asian Games 2018. Proper maintenance on critical components can increase reliability and reduce the frequency of failure that could be happened. Therefore, planning for the maintenance of signalling critical components using the RCM approach is prepared. Clearguard ACM250, trackhead sensor and wesel motor are the critical components of signalling obtained from Failure Mode Effect and Criticality Analysis (FMECA). Maintenance time interval to achieve the standard performance for clearguard ACM250, trackhead sensor, and wesel motor are 25, 11, and 8 days. Results of benefit cost analysis shows that there is a reduction in total cost of maintenance by during one year operational by Rp 238.842,53; Rp 150.982,19 and Rp 102.069,24 with ratio 0,8; 1,5 and 0,2.

Abstrak :
In the digital world, the need to protect communications increases every day. While traditional digital encryption methods are useful, there are many other options for hiding your information. Information Hiding in Speech Signals for Secure Communication provides a number of methods to hide secret speech information using a variety of digital speech coding standards. Professor Zhijun Wu has conducted years of research in the field of speech information hiding, and brings his state-of-the-art techniques to readers of this book, including a mathematical model for information hiding, the core concepts of secure speech communication, the ABS-based information hiding algorithm, and much more. This book shows how to implement a secure speech communication system, including applications to various network security states. Readers will find information hiding algorithms and techniques (embedding and extracting) that are capable of withstanding the advanced forms of attack. The book presents concepts and applications for all of the most widely used speech coding standards, including G.711, G.721, G.728, G.729 and GSM, along with corresponding hiding and extraction algorithms. Readers will also learn how to use a speech covert communication system over an IP network as well as a speech secure communication system applied in PSTN.