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"Soil erosion is a crucial environmental problem in the Manjunto watershed, Bengkulu Province, Indonesia. It has economic implications and environmental consequences. Assessment of potential soil erosion rate is useful in designing soil conservation strategies within the framework of integrated watershed management. Information obtained from Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) framework supports decision makers in preparing more accurate spatial maps in less time and cost. The aim of this research is to assess the average annual rate of potential soil erosion in Manjunto watershed for each soil mapping unit using remote sensing data, namely Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Slope. The NDVI value obtained from satellite imagery processing while slope value obtained from Digital Elevation Model-Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (DEM-SRTM) processing. The results showed that the eroded catchment area increased significantly. The average annual rate of potential soil erosion in Manjunto watershed in the year 2000 amounted to 3.00 tons ha- 1 year-1, while in the year 2009 there was a significant increase to 27.03 ton ha-1year-1. The levels of erosion hazard in soil mapping unit numbers 41, 42 and 47 are classified in the very heavy category. Soil mapping unit numbers 41, 42 and 47 should be a first priority in soil and water conservation activities."

"Penggunaan lahan memiliki peran vital yang memengaruhi perpindahan massa air dalam siklus hidrologi. Di sekitar Sub DA Ci Catih Hulu dalam kurun waktu 10 tahun terakhir mulaiberkembang berbagai macam industri mulai dari yang relatif besar hingga industri dalamskala yang relatif kecil. Perkembangan lahan terbangun khususnya permukiman dan industri secara masif dapat meningkatkan besar limpasan permukaan yang berdampak pada terjadinya degradasi lahan seperti erosi. Fokus penelitian ini adalah melakukan pemodelan hidrologi dengan model SWAT Soil Water Assesment Tools dan prediksi penggunaan lahan denganmetode CA-Markov Cellular Automata-Markov Chain untuk mengetahui pengaruh perubahan penggunaan lahan terhadap perubahan laju besaran erosi dan kemudian memprediksi perubahan laju besaran erosi tahun 2032 berdasarkan prediksi perubahan penggunaan lahan Sub DA Ci Catih Hulu pada tahun tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa tingkat keberagaman unit respon hidrologi URH memengaruhi laju besaran erosi tiap Sub-DAS. Hasil uji akurasi dan kalibrasi model adalah memuaskan dengan nilai NS dan R2untuk validasi model SWAT masing-masing sebesar 0,69 dan 0,71, dan nilai kappa untuk validasi model CA-Markov sebesar 0,89. Perubahan penggunaan lahan terutama penggunaan lahan hutan FRST dan sawah irigasi RICE diprediksi pada tahun 2032 mengalami penurunan luas di setiap Sub-DAS yang diikuti dengan peningkatan luas lahan terbangun permukiman dan industri dan pertanian campuran AGRL. Perubahan penggunaan lahan tersebut diprediksi akan memberikan kontribusi terhadap rata-rata kenaikan laju erosi disebesar 15 dari besar laju erosi tahun 2017. ......Landuse has a vital role that affects the movement of water on hidrological cycle. Around Upper Ci Catih Catchment Area in the past 10 years, many of various industries ranging from smal scale industries to large scale industries have increased. Increasing built up area, especially settlements and industries can increase runoff that have an impact on land degradation such as erosion. This study focuses on the hydrological modelling made by SWAT Soil Water Assesment Tools and land use change prediction using CA Markov Cellular Automata Markov Chain to find the effects of land use changes on the erosion rate changes, and predict the erosion rate changes in 2032 based on land use changes prediction in Upper Ci Catih Catchment Area in that year. This study shows that variations of Hydrologic Response Unit HRU conditions affects the erosion rate in every sub watershed. The result of accuracy and calibration test satisfied, which NS and R2 mark for SWAT validation is 0,69and 0,71, and kappa coefficient value for CA Markov model validation by 89. The changes of land use especially forest FRST and irrigated rice fields. RICE is predicted in 2032 will decrease in every Sub basin. That matter will affect the increase of average erosion rate by 15 of the erosion rate in 2017 on Upper Ci Catih Catchment Area."

"ABSTRAKPenggunaan tanah Daerah Aliran DA Ci Leungsi hulu yang terdapat diKabupaten Bogor Jawa Barat selalu mengalami perkembangan dari tahun ketahun disebabkan oleh meningkatnya aktivitas manusia yang berdampak padaterjadinya degradasi lahan seperti erosi. Erosi tanah di Pulau Jawa diperkirakanmenelan kerugian US 400 juta per tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untukmengestimasi laju erosi dengan menggunakan persamaan Modify Universal SoilLoss Equation MUSLE yang sudah terintegrasi pada pemodelan Soil and WaterAssessment Tool SWAT . SWAT dapat memberikan hasil simulasi yang berbasispada karakteristik fisik daerah berupa Unit Respon Hidrologi URH yangmempertimbangkan parameter iklim seperti curah hujan, suhu, radiasi matahari,kelembaban dan kecepatan angin. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa laju erositertinggi pada wilayah hulu sub-DAS 15 Ci Janggel dengan kontribusi erosi 184ton/ha/tahun atau termasuk dalam klasifikasi erosi berat. Sedangkan rata-rata lajuerosi pada daerah penelitian termasuk ke dalam klasifikasi erosi sedang.Tingginya laju erosi terjadi pada karakteristik daerah dengan kemiringan lereng25-45 , jenis tanah clay loam, dan penggunaan tanah pertanian lahan kering.Hubungan karakteristik fisik DAS dan laju erosi ditunjukkan dengan semakinheterogen nilai URH di sub-DAS maka nilai laju erosinya cenderung semakinrendahKata Kunci: DAS, Laju Erosi, Karakteristik fisik DAS ,Pemodelan, SWAT

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ABSTRACTLand use of upper watersheds Cileungsi located in Bogor, West Java has alwaysprogressing from year to year due to increased human activities that have animpact on land degradation such as erosion. Soil erosion in Java estimated loss ofUS 400 million per year. This study aim to estimate of erosion rate by using theModify Universal Soil Loss Equation MUSLE is already integrated in themodeling Soil and Water Assessment Tool SWAT . SWAT can providesimulation results based on the physical characteristics of the HydrologicalResponse Unit HRU is considering climate parameters such as rainfall,temperature, solar radiation, humidity and wind speed. The results showed that thehighest rate of erosion on the upstream sub basin 15 Ci Janggel to contribute toerosion 184 tonnes ha year or included in the classification of heavy erosion.While the average rate of erosion in areas including research into the classificationof medium erosion. The high rate of erosion occurs on the characteristics of thearea with 25 45 of slope, clay loam soils, land use and agricultural drylands.Relationships and physical characteristics of the watershed erosion is shown bythe heterogeneous HRU value in the sub watershed erosion rate tends to be lKeowkeywords Erosion rate, Modelling, Physical characteristics of the watershed, SWAT, Watershed"