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Abstrak :
Pola spasial bangkitan perjalanan siswa SMA terbentuk secara alamiah. Namun, setelah munculnya Keputusan Kepala Dinas Pendidikan No.229 Tahun 2015 tentang zonasi sekolah, bangkitan perjalanan pelajar berdasarkan lokasi tempat tinggal siswa cenderung bergeser. Studi ini mengangkat tingkat efektifitas peraturan yang diberlakukan terhadap distribusi bangkitan perjalanan pelajar secara spasial. Metode yang digunakan mencakup Network Analysis dan crosstab. Melalui Network analysis tampak wilayah jangkauan layanan sekolah terhadap tempat tinggal siswa. Melalui Crosstab tampak frekuensi pola perjalanan siswa di masing-masing wilayah jangkauan layanan sekolah. ......Spatial pattern of high school students rsquo is naturally formed. However, after the decree of The Head of The Provincial Education Board No.229 Year 2015 about school zoning system, the trip generation from home based school regulations tends to change. This study highlights the level of effectiveness of the regulation to students trip distribution spatially. The methods applied are network analysis and cross tabulation. By Network analysis, it appears the region of school service area to student rsquo s residence. By cross tabulation, it appears the frequency of student travel patterns in each region.

Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Pariwisata tidak hanya sekedar objek dan daya tarik wisata tetapi juga tentang perpindahan wisatawan dari tempat tinggal menuju tempat wisata. Ketidakmerataan pergerakan wisatawan disebabkan oleh faktor karakteristik objek wisata yang dikunjungi dan faktor wisatawan itu sendiri. Penelitian ini mengkaji pola keruangan pergerakan wisatawan dan faktor yang mempengaruhi pergerakan wisatawan dengan analisis keruangan dan analisis korelasi chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pola keruangan wisatawan single pattern tidak bergerak ke berbagai arah dan pergerakannya paling terbatas dibandingkan dengan wisatawan multiple pattern. Sedangkan pola keruangan wisatawan multiple pattern tidak hanya mampu bergerak ke berbagai arah objek wisata alam dengan jarak fisik yang bervariasi tetapi juga berbagai jenis objek wisata alam. Wisatawan dengan sub-tipe stopover paling luas bergerak dibandingkan chaining loop dan base site dengan menjangkau hampir seluruh objek wisata alam pada jarak yang dekat hingga jauh. Sedangkan wisatawan dengan sub-tipe base site memiliki luas ruang gerak yang paling terbatas dibandingkan stopover dan chaining loop dengan bergerak pada jarak yang dekat. Faktor yang mempengaruhi pergerakan wisatawan di Kabupaten Malang adalah aksesibilitas, atraksi objek wisata, daerah asal wisatawan, lama kunjungan di objek wisata, pilihan moda transportasi, motivasi wisatawan dan pengalaman berkunjung. Sedangkan faktor jumlah teman seperjalanan tidak mempengaruhi pergerakan wisatawan di Kabupaten Malang.

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ABSTRACT
Tourism is not just objects and tourist attraction but also tourist movement from their homes to tourist attractions. Inequality tourist movements caused by characteristic of tourist attraction and tourist itself. This study examines the spatial pattern of tourist movement and the factors that affect the movement of tourist with spatial analysis and statistical correlation analysis. The results showed that the spatial pattern of single type is not moving in different directions and the most limited movement than the multiple pattern. While the spatial pattern of multiple type is not only able to move into different directions with varying physical distances but also various types of natural attractions. Sub-type of the multiple: stopover, tourist with sub-type stopover not only has the most widely move than chaining loop and base site but also reach almost all the natural attractions in near and far distance. While tourist with sub-type base site has the most limited space than stopover and chaining loop also moving in near distance. Tourist movement in Malang influenced by accessibility of natural destination, attraction of natural destination, origin of tourists, duration of visits in natural attractions, modes of transportation, tourist motivation and experience of visited. Meanwhile the number of tourist companion is a factor that not affect a tourist movement in Malang. , Tourism is not just objects and tourist attraction but also tourist movement from their homes to tourist attractions. Inequality tourist movements caused by characteristic of tourist attraction and tourist itself. This study examines the spatial pattern of tourist movement and the factors that affect the movement of tourist with spatial analysis and statistical correlation analysis. The results showed that the spatial pattern of single type is not moving in different directions and the most limited movement than the multiple pattern. While the spatial pattern of multiple type is not only able to move into different directions with varying physical distances but also various types of natural attractions. Sub-type of the multiple: stopover, tourist with sub-type stopover not only has the most widely move than chaining loop and base site but also reach almost all the natural attractions in near and far distance. While tourist with sub-type base site has the most limited space than stopover and chaining loop also moving in near distance. Tourist movement in Malang influenced by accessibility of natural destination, attraction of natural destination, origin of tourists, duration of visits in natural attractions, modes of transportation, tourist motivation and experience of visited. Meanwhile the number of tourist companion is a factor that not affect a tourist movement in Malang. ]

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Dalam sebuah pameran, terdapat komposisi solid dan void yang keduanya saling berhubungan untuk mengakomodir struktur pameran secara keseluruhan. Oleh karena itu, void merupakan elemen yang penting dalam struktur pameran. Pameran terdiri dari struktur spasial dan narasi yang masing-masing memiliki komposisi void di dalamnya. Maka dari itu, void tidak hanya dibaca dalam wujud fisik struktur spasialnya, namun lebih jauh lagi, void dapat dibaca sebagai sebuah konsep yang memiliki perluasan makna dalam struktur narasinya. Skripsi ini mempelajari lebih dalam mengenai wujud, peran, dan mekanisme void dalam pameran Dunia Komik yang diselenggarakan di Galeri Nasional. Melalui pembacaan void dalam pameran tersebut, makna void menjadi lebih luas karena memiliki wujud dan peran yang bermacam-macam.

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ABSTRACT
In an exhibition, there is a relationship between the composition of solid and void that accomodate the whole exhibition structure. Therefore, void is an important element in the exhibition structure. The exhibition consists of spatial and narrative structure that each have a void composition within. Void is not only read in the physical form of spatial structure, but also can be read as a concept that has an extension of meaning in its narrative structure. This thesis examines more about forms, roles, and void mechanisms of the Dunia Komik exhibition which held at the Galeri Nasional. Through the reading of void in the exhibition, the meaning of void becomes more extensive because it has a variety of forms and roles.

Abstrak :
Beam wander and spatial noise that are modulated on optical propagation produce noise modulation in the signal spectral before being received by a Photodetector (PD). In order to suppress noise modulation in the signal spectral, we present an Optical Spatial Filter (OSF) method that is composed of the cone reflector and a pinhole as a detection method. A cone reflector is designed to suppress beam wander in order to minimize temporal noise that fluctuates randomly and governs reflection of the deflected focus spot into the narrow region of pinhole. The pinhole governs the Fresnel diffraction in order to suppress spatial noise in the center of focus spot that undergoes fluctuation and random frequencies as well. Through simultaneous suppression in temporal noise caused by beam wander and spatial noise using the OSF method, noise modulation in the signal spectral can be minimized optimally. We compared the OSF with the Direct-Detection (DD) method by experimentation. The results of the experiment show significant improvements for noise suppression in the signal spectral. The average values of the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) increase, namely, 37.5 dB, 38.5 dB, 38.7 dB and 39.2 dB for pinhole diameters of 50 µm, 40 µm, 30 µm, and 20 µm, respectively.

Abstrak :
Kabupaten Bandung Barat memiliki daya tarik untuk pengembangan wilayah agrowisata karena merupakan salah satu produsen hortikultura terbesar di Indonesia dengan produksi buah sebesar 583.539 dan sayuran 677.480 Kw/tahun. Letaknya yang tidak jauh dari Kota Bandung memberikan keuntungan karena sering dikunjungi wisatawan saat mengunjungi kawasan Bandung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah memperoleh gambaran spasial mengenai pola wilayah yang memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan wilayah agrowisata serta menguji hubungan signifikansi antar indikator maupun variabel. Analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis spasial dengan mengevaluasi unsur fisiogeografis dan sosiogeografis dan analisis statistik dengan bantuan alat SPSS. Hasil menunjukan bahwa pola spasial pengembangan wilayah agrowisata di wilayah penelitian yakni di Kecamatan Lembang, Kecamatan Cisarua, dan Kecamatan Cikalong Wetan memiliki 8 tipologi. Wilayah yang paling berpotensi dengan tipologi fisiogeografis dan sosiogeografis tinggi adalah Desa Mandalamukti Kecamatan Cikalong Wetan seluas 6,049 Km2. Sedangkan, wilayah yang tidak berpotensi dengan tipologi fisiogeografis dan sosiogeografis rendah adalah Desa Ganjarsari dan Desa Puteran Kecamatan Cikalong Wetan masing-masing seluas 14,086 dan 10,325 Km2, Desa Pasirlangu Kecamatan Cisarua seluas 12,209 Km2, di Kecamatan Lembang terdapat Desa Cibogo seluas 3,12 Km2 , Desa Cikahuripan seluas 7,31 Km2, Desa Pagerwangi seluas 4,65 Km2, Desa Suntenjaya seluas 16,03 Km2, Desa Wangunharja seluas 7,85 Km2, Desa Wangunsari seluas 3,61 Km2. Analisis statistik menunjukkan terdapat hubungan signifikan antara indikator aksesibilitas (sosiogeografis) dengan unsur fisiogeografis, maka akan lebih mudah untk mengembangkan wilayah agrowisata pada lokasi yang memiliki kriteria tersebut. ......Bandung Barat District has an attraction for the development of agro-tourism areas because it is one of the largest horticulture producers in Indonesia, with fruit production is 583,539 Kw /year and vegetables is 677,480 Kw /year. This location not far from the Bandung city and provides benefits because it is often visited by tourists when visiting to around of Bandung area. The purpose of this study is to obtain a spatial picture of regional patterns that have the potential for developing agrotourism areas and evaluating significance relationships between indicators and variables each other. The analysis used is spatial analysis by evaluating physiogeographic and sociogeographic elements and used statistical analysis by SPSS tools. The results showed that the spatial pattern of the development of agrotourism areas in the study area, that is Lembang Subdistrict, Cisarua Sub- District, and Cikalong Wetan Sub-District had 8 typologies. The most potential area with a high physiogeographic and sociogeographic typology is Mandalamukti Village, Cikalong Wetan Sub-District with an area of 6.049 Km2. Whereas, the locations which have no potential area with low physiogeographic and sociogeographic typologies are Ganjarsari and Puteran Villages, Cikalong Wetan Sub-District, covering an area of 14,086 Km2 and 10,325 Km2, Pasirlangu Village, Cisarua District covering an area of 12,209 Km2, in Lembang Subdistrict, Cibogo Village covering an area of 3.12 Km2. Cikahuripan village covering an area of 7.31 Km2, Pagerwangi Village covering an area of 4.65 Km2, Suntenjaya Village with covering an area of 16.03 Km2, Wangunharja Village with covering an area of 7.85 Km2, Wangunsari Village with covering an area of 3.61 Km2. Statistical analysis shows that there is a significant relationship between accessibility indicators (sociogeographic) and physiogeographic elements, so it will be good to develop agrotourism areas in that locations which have these criteria.

Abstrak :
Ketimpangan wilayah merupakan masalah klasik dari pembangunan di Indonesia. Kabupaten Sumedang merupakan salah satu kabupaten dengan permasalahan ketimpangan wilayah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penyebab ketimpangan wilayah dan merumuskan alternatif solusi untuk mengatasi ketimpangan. Metode yang digunakan antara lain analisis spasial (supervised classification dan overlay), indeks williamson, skalogram, location quotient, shift share analysis, regresi berganda, analisis kuadran dan analisis SWOT kualitatif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ketimpangan wilayah di Kabupaten Sumedang dengan kecenderungan yang semakin meningkat. Faktor utama yang mempengaruhi tingkat perkembangan wilayah di Kabupaten Sumedang antara lain kepadatan pendududuk dan tingkat kesesuain penutupan lahan terhadap RTRW. Strategi alternatif untuk mengurangi ketimpangan wilayah yaitu dengan mendorong sektor unggulan sebagai pengerak utama perekonomian dan percepatan pengembangan wilayah kecamatan berdasarkan kondisi tipologi wilayah. ......Regional inequality in the country like Indonesia is a classical issue for development. Sumedang regency is one of the region with problems of regional inequality. This research observed the inequality of regional development for Sumedang Regency and the factors causing the imbalance with alternative solutions to reduce inequality. Several methods used are spatial analysis (supervised classification and overlay), williamson index, scalogram analysis, location quotient analysis, shift share analysis, multiple regression, quadrant analysis and qualitative SWOT. The results showed the regional inequality was emerging and tend to increase the gap. The primary factors influencing regional development were population density and landcover suitability of existing condition. The strategies to overcome the spatial gap should take account two aspects: intergrating sectoral aspects and re-organizing spatial competitive potency based on regional typology.

Abstrak :
Kecelakaan lalu lintas yang melibatkan pengendara sepeda motor di Indonesia didominasi oleh pengendara dewasa muda. Salah satu faktor penyebab kecelakaan dari sisi manusia adalah kemampuan untuk mempersepsi bahaya (hazard perception ability). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antara visual spatial ability sebagai salah satu komponen kognitif yang berperan di dalam mengendara dan hazard perception ability. Penelitian ini melibatkan 130 pengendara sepeda motor berusia 17-34 tahun (Mean usia = 21.56, SD = 2.36). Partisipan diminta untuk mengisi alat ukur visual spatial ability yang terdiri atas tes card rotation untuk mengukur kemampuan spatial orientation, dan tes paper folding untuk mengukur kemampuan visualization, dan juga alat ukur hazard perception ability yang terdiri atas tes hazard detection, dan tes threat appraisal yang diberikan secara daring (dalam jaringan). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif antara komponen visual spatial ability dan hazard perception ability. Semakin tinggi kemampuan spatial orientation dan visualization pengendara sepeda motor, semakin tinggi kemampuan hazard detection dan threat appraisal yang dimiliki. Implikasi dari temuan ini adalah adanya peluang mengukur hazard perception ability pada mereka yang akan mengambil Surat Izin Mengemudi (SIM) dengan mengukur visual spatial ability jika pengukuran terhadap hazard perception ability tidak dapat dilaksanakan. ...... Young adult riders dominate traffic accidents that involved Indonesian motorcyclists. One of the human factors which can potentially cause an accident is hazard perception ability. This study aims to investigate the role of visual-spatial skill as one of the cognitive components, which plays a role in hazard perception ability while riding on the road. The participants of this study are 130 motorcyclists aged 17-34 years old (Mage = 21.56, SD = 2.36). The participants were asked to fill in visual-spatial ability measurement tools that consisted of rotation card test to measure spatial orientation ability, and paper folding test which measured visualization ability. Also, they were asked to fill in a hazard perception ability test that consisted of hazard detection test, and threat appraisal test. All tests were done online. The results of this study show that there is a positive relationship between visual spatial ability component and hazard perception ability. The higher the motorcyclists' spatial orientation and visualization skills, the higher the hazard detection and threat appraisal abilities. The implication of these findings is the opportunity to measure hazard perception ability on driving license test takers by measuring visual-spatial skill if hazard perception ability measurement cannot be conducted.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kabupaten Pacitan adalah Kabupaten di pesisir selatan Pulau Jawa dan berbatasan langsung dengan Samudera Hindia yang memiliki potensi kejadian gempa bumi tektonik dan tsunami. Namun pesisir Kabupaten Pacitan memiliki pesona keindahan alam pantai yang menjadi daya tarik wisatawan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui potensi bahaya tsunami dan tingkat kerusakan fasilitas wisata di dua kawasan wisata pantai yang paling ramai dikunjungi wisatawan, yaitu Pantai Klayar di Desa Sendang dan Pantai Telengria di Desa Sidoharjo. Metode yang digunakan adalah Tsunami Inundation Modeling untuk mencari potensi genangan terjauh dari setiap skenario tsunami yang dibuat. Hasil pemodelan yang merupakan potensi wilayah bahaya bencana tsunami akan ditampalkan dengan atraksi dan fasilitas wisata pantai untuk kemudian mendapatkan tingkat kerusakan fasilitas wisata pantai. Analisis dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan pendekatan keruangan untuk melihat kaitan topografi wilayah, tutupan lahan, serta fasilitas wisata terhadap wilayah bahaya bencana tsunami pada daerah penelitian. Hasil yang diperoleh yaitu pantai Telengria memiliki potensi bahaya tsunami lebih tinggi karena kemiringan lereng yang landai serta tutupan lahan yang lebih sedikit vegetasi. Sementara Pantai Klayar yang merupakan pantai berbukit dan terdapat lebih banyak vegetasi, memiliki tingkat bahaya tsunami lebih kecil. Serta banyaknya fasilitas yang mengelompok pada suatu wilayah tertentu akan mempengaruhi besarnya tingkat kerusakan fasilitas wisata pantai yang berpotensi ditimbulkan akibat bencana tsunami.

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ABSTRACT
Pacitan District is a district in the southern coast of Java Island and directly adjacent to Indian Ocean, that possessed potential for tectonic earthquake and tsunami occurrences. Nevertheless, Pacitan district coastal area renowned for its nature?s beauty as the main attraction for tourists. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of tsunami hazard potential and damage level of tourism facilities in two coastal tourist area that most visited by tourists; Klayar Beach at Sendang Village and Telengria Beach at Sidoharjo Village. The method used in this research is Tsunami Inundation Modeling to find the farthest reach of tsunami inundation from all generated scenario. Modeling results which is potency of tsunami hazard areas will be overlaid with the coast attractions and tourist facilities to get a damage level of tourism facilities. The analysis used on this research is descriptive analysis with spatial approach to understand the influences between topography, landcover, and tourist facilities on tsunami hazard areas in the research area. The results showed that Telengria Beach possesses higher potential for tsunami hazard because of its slight sloppy terrain and less vegetation than Klayar Beach. While Klayar Beach?s hilly terrain with more vegetation resulted in smaller tsunami hazard level. As well as the number of clustered facilities in a certain area will affect the damage level of tourism facilities that potentially caused by the tsunami hazard.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Kota Bengkulu yang terletak di pesisir barat Pulau Sumatera merupakan wilayah yang rawan bencana gempa bumi, namun risiko akibat bencana gempa bumi antar bagian kota tidak sama besarnya. Berdasarkan aspek keterpaparan, sensitivitas dan kapasitas adaptif dengan variabel kepadatan penduduk, proporsi pekerja sektor informal, proporsi penduduk usia rentan, proporsi rumah non permanen, proporsi rumah tangga sejahtera, proporsi penduduk lulusan SMA keatas, dan aspek modal sosial. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui dan memetakan kerentanan wilayah berdasarkan indikator sosial yang dikaitkan dengan percepatan tanah maksimum dari gempa ≥ 5.0 SR selama tahun 2000-2015. Penilaian kerentanan wilayah berdasarkan indikator sosial terhadap gempa bumi dilakukan pada basis kelurahan dengan menggunakan metode overlay dan skoring. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola kerentanan semakin menjauhi pusat kota kerentanan semakin rendah kecuali pada bagian selatan. Pola antara tingkat kerentanan dengan bencana gempa bumi menunjukkan bahwa pada magnitudo 5,0-5,9 SR wilayah kerentanan tinggi dan sangat tinggi berada pada wilayah percepatan tanah maksimum yang tergolong tinggi sedangkan pada magnitudo 6,0-7,9 SR wilayah kerentanan tinggi dan sangat tinggi berada pada wilayah percepatan tanah maksimum yang tergolong rendah.

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ABSTRACT
Bengkulu City which is located on the western coast of Sumatera Island is a vulnerable region to earthquake, but the risk caused by the earthquake among the city parts are not equally formed. Based on aspects of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity using variables such as population density, the proportion of informal sector workers, the proportion of vulnerable population ages, the proportion of non-permanent houses, the proportion of prosperous households, the proportion of high school graduates and above, and also the social capital aspect. This research aims to find and map out the region vulnerability based on social indicators associated with the peak ground acceleration of ≥ 5 Richter Scale earthquake in 2000-2015. Region vulnerability assessment based on social indicators towards earthquakes was done on the basis of villages using the overlay method and scoring. The results showed that the further from the city center, the lower the vulnerability level is, except for the southern part. The pattern of vulnerability level to earthquakes indicated that on the magnitude 5.0 to 5.9 Richter Scale, the region vulnerability level are high and very high in the high PGA region, while on the magnitude of 6,0 to 7,9 Richter Scale, the region vulnerability are high and very high in the low PGA region.

Abstrak :
Pembangunan bendungan di daerah hulu akan berakibat terhadap perubahan keluaran debit aliran dan sedimen yang berada di bagian hilirnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk menyelidiki pengaruh berfungsinya bendungan jatigede di Kabupaten Sumedang terhadap kondisi padatan tersuspensi total PTT di perairan sekitar Muara Ci Manuk. Untuk mengidentifikasi PTT, maka digunakanlah algoritma Budhiman 2004 PTT = 8.1429 exp 23.704 band merah . Dalam penelitian ini citra yang digunakan yaitu citra Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS multi temporal selama waktu sebelum dan sesudah berfungsinya Bendungan Jatigede sekitar dari tahun 2014-2017 yang digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi besaran PTT. Selanjutnya dalam penelitian ini juga mendiskusikan variasi perubahan spasial dan temporal kaitannya dengan debit aliran dan faktor oseanografi berupa arus dan gelombang laut. Daerah studi dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi tiga bagian wilayah, yaitu Wilayah Muara Barat Ci Manuk, Wilayah perairan antara dua Muara Ci Manuk dan Muara Timur Ci Manuk. Analisis spasial yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu trend surface analysis. Pada saat sesudah berfungsinya Bendungan Jatigede yang sudah beroperasi kurang lebih 15 bulan luasan sebaran konsentrasi PTT >80mg/l cenderung berkurang dibagian perairan yang dekat dari pantai. Hasil yang didapat juga memperlihatkan bahwa debit aliran mempengaruhi secara signifikan persebaran perairan keruh di Muara Barat pada sebelum berfungsinya bendungan, sedangkan saat ini setelah berfungsinya bendungan tidak lagi baik di ketiga daerah penelitian. ......Construction of dams in the upstream area will lead to changes in flow water and sediment output in the downstream area. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the functioning of the dam Jatigede in Sumedang District towards the condition of total suspended solids TSS in the waters sea areas around the mouth of the Ci Manuk River. To identify TSS, then the algorithm is used is the Budhiman 2004 TSS 8.1429 exp 23.704 band red. In this study, the imagery used is Landsat 8 OLI TIRS multi temporal during before and after the functioning of dam Jatigede from years 2014 to 2017. This study also discusses the changes in the spatial and temporal variations in relation to the flow rate and oceanographic factors. The research area is divided into three regions, The Western Region at Mouth Ci Manuk River, Water sea areas between two mouth of Ci Manuk River, and The Eastern Mouth of Ci Manuk River. The spatial analysis that used in this study is a trend surface analysis. After Jatigede operated which were already more than 15 months, the distributions and amounts of TSS concentration 80mg l tends to reduce, especially at section the waters areas that close to the coast. The results also show the significance affect of flow rate towards the TSS distribution in Western Region before the functioning of the dam, while after the functioning of the dam it is no longer affect the distribution of TSS in the three research areas.