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Abstrak :
Mahasiswa rentan mengalami stres akademik karena banyaknya tuntutan akademik dan adanya transisi kondisi karena Pandemi COVID-19. Stres akademik yang dialami mahasiswa dapat memengaruhi kesehatan fisik, kesejahteraan psikologis, dan kualitas tidur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara stres akademik dengan kualitas tidur pada mahasiswa keperawatan. Penelitian dengan metode kuantitatif jenis deskriptif-korelasi dengan pendekatan cross-sectional ini melibatkan 234 mahasiswa program sarjana reguler FIK UI yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling. Instrumen Student-Life Stress Inventory (SLSI) digunakan untuk mengukur tingkat stres akademik dan Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) untuk mengukur kualitas tidur. Hasil analisis univariat yaitu sebanyak 49,1% mahasiswa mengalami stres akademik tingkat berat dan 90,6% mahasiswa memiliki kualitas tidur kurang baik. Hasil analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Somers’d Gamma menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara stres akademik dengan kualitas tidur (p value: 0.003). Badan Konseling Mahasiswa tingkat fakultas sampai universitas disarankan untuk melakukan promosi kesehatan sebagai upaya mengatasi stres akademik dan kualitas tidur yang kurang baik pada mahasiswa. Peneliti selanjutnya dapat menambahkan jumlah sampel agar terlihat gambaran kejadian secara keseluruhan dalam suatu populasi. ......Students are prone to experiencing academic stress due to the many academic demands and transitional conditions due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Academic stress that experienced by students can affect physical health, psychological well-being, and sleep quality. This study aims to describe the relationship between academic stress and sleep quality in nursing students. This research used descriptive-correlation quantitative method with a cross-sectional approach involving 234 students of the regular undergraduate program of FIK UI who were selected by simple random sampling technique. The Student-Life Stress Inventory (SLSI) was used to measuring academic stress level and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to measuring sleep quality. The results of univariate analysis were 49,1% of students experienced severe academic stress and 90.6% of students had poor sleep quality. The results of bivariate analysis using the Somers’d Gamma test revealed that there were a significant relationship between academic stress and sleep quality (p value: 0.003). Student Counseling Boards from faculty to university levels are advised to carry out health promotion as an effort to overcome academic stress and poor sleep quality in students. The next researcher can add the number of samples so that the overall picture of events in a population can be seen.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Ekspresi penuh dari preskripsi torque bracket dipengaruhi oleh faktor yang berkaitan dengan bracket, kawat, torque play, dan faktor klinis. Hingga saat ini belum ada penelitian yang membandingkan kemampuan ekspresi torque antara berbagai ukuran kawat pada penggunaan bracket passive self-ligating (PSL) dan konvensional melalui simulasi finite element, serta menganalisis interaksi dari faktor-faktor tersebut, sekaligus memberikan gambaran pergerakan gigi dan respon jaringan periodontal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur besar torque play dan menganalisis pola perpindahan inisial gigi, serta distribusi stress antara berbagai ukuran kawat pada penggunaan bracket PSL dan konvensional melalui simulasi finite element. Metode: Model 3D dikonstruksi dengan skenario kasus yang membutuhkan pencabutan premolar pertama dan retraksi masse gigi anterior maksila, menggunakan penjangkaran temporary anchorage device dan gaya retraksi 150 g. Simulasi finite element dilakukan untuk mengukur torque play antara penggunaan kawat stainless steel 0.016 x 0.022", 0.017 x 0.025" dan 0.019 x 0.025", serta mengukur perpindahan inisial pada tepi insisal dan apeks akar insisif sentral maksila, serta distribusi stress pada PDL dan tulang alveolar antara penggunaan ketiga ukuran kawat pada kedua jenis bracket. Hasil: Pada penggunaan kawat 0.019 x 0.025", 0.017 x 0.025", dan 0.016 x 0.022" didapatkan torque play sebesar 7.6º, 11.6º, dan 18.7º untuk bracket PSL, dan 9.5º, 14º, dan 18º untuk bracket konvensional. Retraksi dan ekstrusi tepi insisal terbesar dihasilkan oleh kawat 0.016 x 0.022", sedangkan perpindahan palatal dari apeks terbesar dihasilkan oleh kawat 0.019 x 0.025". Konsentrasi stress terbesar terletak pada area 1/3 servikal pada sisi palatal dan 1/3 apikal pada sisi labial, yang menunjukkan pola perpindahan uprighting atau lingual crown tipping. Penggunaan kawat dengan diameter terbesar dan bracket konvensional menghasilkan stress terbesar pula. Kesimpulan: Torque play antara kawat dan bracket berbanding terbalik dengan ukuran kawat. Besarnya lingual crown tipping berbanding lurus terhadap torque play antara kawat dan bracket, dan dikonfirmasi oleh pola distribusi stress di PDL dan tulang alveolar. Kendali torque yang paling baik didapatkan oleh penggunaan kawat stainless steel 0.019 x 0.025". Perbedaan metode ligasi dan geometri bracket konvensional dan PSL kemungkinan menyebabkan adanya perbedaan besar moment yang dihasilkan. ......Introduction: The full expression of torque prescription of a bracket is influenced by bracket-related factors, wire-related factors, torque play and clinical factors. Finite element analysis (FEA) could be utilized to deepen our understanding and study the interaction between these factors, as well as to produce a simulation of the predicted tooth movement and tissue response. This study aims to measure the amount of torque play, and to analyse the pattern of initial tooth displacement, among different wire sizes and between passive self-ligating and conventional brackets using FEA. Methods: A 3D model was constructed simulating a case which required first premolar extractions and en masse anterior retraction using temporary anchorage device and 150 g of retraction force on each side. Finite element simulation was performed to measure torque play, to investigate the pattern of initial tooth displacement at the incisal tip and of apex of the central maxillary incisor, as well as to analyse the pattern of stress distribution at the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone, among different stainless steel wire diameters (0.016 x 0.022", 0.017 x 0.025" and 0.019 x 0.025") and between PSL and conventional brackets. Results: The use of 0.019 x 0.025", 0.017 x 0.025", and 0.016 x 0.022" wires on PSL brackets produced a torque play of 7.6º, 11.6º, and 18.7º, respectively. While the use of the same wire sizes on conventional brackets produced a play of 9.5º, 14º, dan 18º, respectively. The use of 0.016 x 0.022 produced the farthest retraction and extrusion of the incisal tip. However, the greatest apex retraction was produced when 0.019 x 0.025" was used. The largest stress concentration was observed at the 1/3 cervical area on the palatal side and at the 1/3 apical area on the labial side. This shows that there is a pattern of uprighting or lingual crown tipping of the teeth. The use of 0.019 x 0.025" and conventional brackets yielded the greatest amount of stress on the PDL and alveolar bone. Conclusion: The degree of torque play between wire and bracket was inversely proportional to the wire size, and the amount of lingual crown tipping was directly proportional to the degree of play. This pattern of tooth movement was confirmed by the pattern of stress distribution on the PDL and alveolar bone. Torque expression was better achieved using the 0.019 x 0.025" wire. Differences in the geometry and method of ligation between PSL and conventional brackets possibly generated different force magnitudes.