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Ditemukan 13 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Jody Felizio
Abstrak :
Pendahuluan dan tujuan: Pendekatan yang digunakan sebelumnya dari nephrectomy donor laparoskopi di pusat kami adalah transperitoneal. Belakangan ini pendekatan retroperitoneal secara rutin digunakan dalam nefrektomi donor. Namun, tidak ada kesimpulan pasti tentang perbedaan objektif antara kedua pendekatan yang telah dicapai hingga saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil pembedahan antara pendekatan retroperitoneal dan transperitoneal pada nefrektomi donor. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian prospektif observasional single center, yang mencakup total 813 subjek yang menjalani nefrektomi donor di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo. Perbandingan warm ischemic time 1, time to clip, skin to skin, intraoperative blood loss dan komplikasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Uji Man Whitney di IBM SPPS Statistik 25. Hasil: Sebanyak 687 subjek yang mendapatkan pendekatan transperitoneal dan 126 subjek dengan pendekatan retroperitoneal. Waktu iskemik hangat 1, waktu untuk klip dan kulit ke kulit, pendekatan retroperitoneal memiliki waktu yang jauh lebih lama. Namun, dalam hal kehilangan darah dan komplikasi, pendekatan retroperitoneal memiliki hasil yang lebih baik dengan rata-rata kehilangan darah adalah 50 cc, dibandingkan dengan transperitoneal 100 cc (p<0,001). Tingkat komplikasi serupa pada pendekatan transperitoneal (31 kasus, 4,6%) dibandingkan retroperitoneal (6 kasus 4,7%) Namun, cedera terkait usus dan kandung kemih hanya ditemukan pada pendekatan transperitoneal yang memerlukan pembedahan lebih lanjut. Kesimpulan: LLDN retroperitoneoscopic memberikan beberapa keuntungan termasuk komplikasi peri operasi yang lebih rendah, mengurangi kemungkinan cedera usus dan kandung kemih, dan mengurangi risiko kehilangan darah intraoperatif ......ntroduction and Objectives: The previous used approach of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in our center was transperitoneal. In recent time retroperitoneal approach is routinely use in donor nephrectomy. However, there is no definitive conclusion on the objective differences between the two approaches that have been reached to date. This study aims to compare the surgical outcome between retroperitoneal and transperitoneal approach in donor nephrectomy. Method: This is a prospective observational single center study, which covered a total of 813 subject underwent donor nephrectomy in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital. Comparison of warm ischemic time 1, time to clip, skin to skin, intraoperative blood loss and complication was carried out using Man Whitney Test in IBM SPPS Statistic 25. Results: A Total of 687 subject that received transperitoneal approach and 126 subject with retroperitoneal approach. The warm ischemic time 1, time to clip and skin to skin, retroperitoneal approach has significantly longer time. However, in term of blood loss and complication, retroperitoneal approach has better result with average blood loss is 50 cc, compare to transperitoneal 100 cc (p< 0.001). Complication rate was similar in transperitoneal approach (31 cases, 4,6%) than retroperitoneal (6 cases 4,7%) However, bowel and bladder related injury were only found in transperitoneal approach which need further surgery. Conclusion: Retroperitoneoscopic LLDN provides several advantages including lower peri operative complications, reduced possibility of bowel and bladder related injury, and reduced the risk of intraoperative blood loss.
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Eni Zatila
Abstrak :
Katarak merupakan penyebab utama kebutaan di Indonesia dan dunia pada umumnya. Diperkirakan l,5% prevalensi kebutaan terjadi di Indonesia dan merupakan yang tertinggi di Asia Tenggara. Provinsi Sumatera Selatan merupakan Salah satu provinsi di Indonesia dengan prevalensi kebutaan yang cukup tinggi 1,3%). Tingginya penumpukan kasus (backlog) katarak disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan antara insiden katarak dengan operasi yang dilakukan setiap tahunnya. Operasi katarak merupakan salah salu tindakan operatif yang terbukti cost effective. Bcberapa jenis metode operasi diharapkan bisa mengatasi backlog katarak dan bisa diterima baik dari sisi provider juga dari penerima pelayanan (penderita). Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) dan Phacoemalsfficarion diharapkan bisa rnenjadi standar operasi katarak di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia dan Sumatera Selatan khususnya di kota Palembang. Penelitian ini membandingkan dua metode operasi katarak, MSICS dan phacoemulsification. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan biaya rata-rata dan output operasi katarak yang dilakukan di dua klinik khusus mata di Palembang, Sumatera Selatan yaitu Palembang Eye Centre untuk metode MSICS dan Sriwijaya Eye Centre untuk metode Phacoemulsificataion. Sampel adalah 55 penderita yang dioperasi dengan metode MSICS dan 60 pasien yang dioperasi dengan metode phacoemulsification. Penelitian dilakukan secara prospektif dari bulan Februari sampai dengan April 2008. Data demografi penderita, visus sebelum dan sesudah operasi diperoleh dari rekam medis dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa biaya total pada phacoemulsification lebih besar dibandingkan metode MSICS. Phacoemulsification membutuhkan biaya investasi yang besar untuk mesin phacoemulsification dan mikroskop operasi serta biaya bahan medis habis pakai dan lensa tanam per kasus yang dioperasi. Pada metode MSICS biaya bahan medis habis pakai ini mengambii porsi 46 % dari biaya total dan 63 % pada metode phacoemulsiiication. Biaya bahan medis habis pakai adalah Rp.866.850 untuk MSICS dan Rp.2.008.750 untuk phacoemulsification. Perbandingan biaya rata-rata per operasi adaiah Rp. 1.895.019 untuk metode MSICS dan Rp.3.20l.4l6 untuk phacoemulsiiication. Biaya investasi per unit operasi pada metode MSICS lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan metode phacoemulsification sedangkan biaya operasional dan pemeliharaan rata-rata per operasi pada metode MSICS lebih rendah. Pada penelitian ini sebanyak 8l,8% penderita yang dioperasi dengan metode MSICS dan 96,7 % penderita yang dioperasi dengan metode phacoemulsification bisa mencapai perbaikan visus 6/ 12 atau lebih pada 4 minggu post operasi. Pada penelitian ini hanya biaya dari sisi provider yang dihitung, sementara biaya dari sisi penderita tidak dihitung. Pengukuran visus post operasi hanya dilakukan sampai minggu ke-4. Karena keterbatasan inilah, hasil evaluasi ekonomi ini harus diinterpretasikan secara hati-hati dan metode operasi manakah yang lebih cost-effective belum dapat disimpulkan. Kesimpulan yang bisa dibuat dari penelitian ini adalah biaya operasi katarak dengan metode MSICS Iebih effisien secara ekonomi dan bisa dipilih sebagai altematif dalam penanganan baclog katarak. ......Cataract is the main cause of avoidable blindness in Indonesia and throughout the world. There are an estimated prevalence l.5 % of blindness in Indonesia, the highest one in South East Asia. South Sumatera is one of the province in Indonesia having high prevalence of blindness (l,8%). A huge backlog of cataract blindness is due to imbalance of cataract incidence and surgery done every year. Cataract extraction is one of the cost eiective surgical interventions. Any type of cataract surgery, which is expected to tackle the backlog has to be affordable to service provider and the service recipient (patient). Manual Small incision Cataract Surgery (MSICS) and Phacoemulsilication are expected to be the standard of care for cataract surgery. A small incision is done and does not need to be sutured makes both of these methods to have high quality in restoring visual function after cataract surgery. This study was done to make comparison of these two methods, MSICS and phacoemulsification, aimed to compare the average cost and output of cataract surgeries done in two Eye Care Centre in Palembang, South Sumatera, namely Palembang Eye Centre for MSICS methods and Sriwijaya Eye Centre for phacoemulsitication methods. The sample of 55 patient for MSICS and 60 patient for phacoemulsification were enrolled prospectively from February to April 2008. Data on patient demography, pre operative and post operative visual acuity were abstracted from medical record and observation. Output was measured as visual acuity 4 weeks post operatively. The total cost for phacoemulsification was higher than that for MSICS in this study. Phacoernulsitication requires a high capital investment for a phacoemulsiiication machine and a more expensive operating microscope along with higher cost per case for disposable and a foldable IOL. Consumable cost contributes 46 % of total cost for MSICS and 63 % for Phacoemulsitication. Consumable cost was Rp.866.850 for MSICS and Rp.2.008.'/50 for phacoemulsification. Cost per catarct surgery was Rp.l.895.0l9 for MSICS as compared to Rp.3.20l.4l6 for phacoemulsitication. Average investment cost for MSICS was higher than that for phacoemulsification. Average operational cost (without consumable cost in operating room) and average maintence cost of MSICS were lower than phacoemulsification in this study. The result of the study showed that 81,8 % patients of MSICS procedures and 96,7 % patients of phacoemulsification procedures achieved 6/ 12 or better visual acuity 4 weeks postoperatively. In this study Only provider cost was calculated while the consumer cost was not included. Visual acuity was measured merely 4 weeks postoperatively. BCVA (Best Corrected Visual Acuity) is used as an outcome measure for cataract surgery. These limitations of the study make the result of this economic evaluation sould be interpreted cautiously. Whether one method is more cost-effective can not be concluded from this study. The conclusion of this study is that the MSICS method being the more efficient method to tackle cataract backlog.
Depok: Universitas Indonesia, 2008
T33917
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Dewi Shandi Laila
Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) adalah salah satu komplikasi berat yang sering terjadi pascabedah jantung terbuka dengan insidens 25-32%. LCOS dapat terjadi akibat proses inflamasi melalui jalur inflamasi dan komplemen setelah pintas jantung-paru (PJP). Diperlukansuatu marker inflamasi yang dapat memprediksi terjadinya LCOS. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pemeriksaan rasio neutrofil-limfosit (neutrophil lymphocyte ratio, NLR) yang merupakan marker inflamasi sederhana dan rutin dilakukan, tetapi penggunaannya sebagai prediktor dalam menentukan LCOS belum banyak dilaporkan. Tujuan: Mengetahui peran NLR prabedah dan 0, 4, dan 8 jam pascabedah sebagai prediktor kejadian LCOS pascabedah jantung terbuka anak dengan penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB). Metode: Penelitian menggunakan uji prognostik dengan desain kohort prospektif, dilaksanakan pada 1 Desember 2020 hingga 30 Juni 2021 di cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) Pelayanan Jantung Terpadu (PJT) RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Hasil: Dari 90 subyek didapatkan 25 subyek (27,8%) mengalami LCOS. Nilai NLR prabedah berperan dalam memprediksi kejadian LCOS (AUC 70), dengan cut off ≥0,88 (p=0,027) didapatkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas 64% dan 64,62% (IK 95%, 57-83). Sedangkan NLR 0 jam pascabedah memiliki nilai prediksi yang baik (AUC 81) terhadap kejadian LCOS, dengan cut off ≥4,73 (p<0,0001) didapatkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas masing-masing 80% (IK 95%, 69-94). Selanjutnya NLR 4 dan 8 jam pascabedah memiliki nilai prediksi yang sangat baik (AUC 97 dan 98) terhadap kejadian LCOS, dengan cut off berturut-turut adalah ≥6,19 (p<0,0001) dan ≥6,78 (p<0,0001) didapatkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas berturut-turut adalah 92% dan 96% (IK 95%, 92-100), serta 92% dan 96,92% (IK 95%, 94-100). Kesimpulan: NLR prabedah dan 0, 4, dan 8 jam pascabedah terbukti berperan sebagai prediktor kejadian LCOS pascabedah jantung terbuka anak dengan PJB. ......Background: Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a severe complications that often occurs in children after open heart surgery, with an incidence 25-32%. It can occur as a result of inflammatory response involving the inflammatory and complement pathways after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). An inflammatory marker is needed to predict the occurrence of LCOS. In this study, an examination of the neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) which is a simple and routine marker of inflammation is carried out, but its use as a predictor in determining LCOS has not been widely reported. Objective. We aimed to explore the role of preoperative and 0, 4, and 8 hours postoperative NLR as a predictor of LCOS after open heart surgery in children with congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods: This study used a prognostic test with a prospective cohort design, was done from 1st December 2020 until 30 th June 2021 at cardiac intensive care unit (CICU) Pelayanan Jantung Terpadu (PJT) RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Results: From 90 subjects, 27.8% (25 subjects) had LCOS. Preoperative NLR had a fair predictive value (AUC 70) for the incidence of LCOS, with a cut off value ≥0.88 (p=0.027) having a sensitivity and specificity of 64% and 64.62% (CI 95%, 57-83).While the NLR 0 hours post-operative also had a good predictive value (AUC 81) for the incidence of LCOS, with a cut off value ≥4.73 (p<0.0001) having a sensitivity and specificity of 80% (CI 95%, 69-94), respectively. Furthermore, NLR 4 and 8 hours post-operative had a very good predictive value (AUC 97 and 98) for the incidence of LCOS, with cut off value ≥6.19 (p<0.0001) and ≥6.78 (p<0.0001), having a sensitivity and specificity of 92% and 96% (CI 95%, 92-100), as well as 92% and 96.92% (CI 95%, 94-100). Conclusion: Preoperative and 0, 4, and 8 hours postoperative NLR can be a predictor of LCOS after open heart surgery in children with CHD.
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2021
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ketut Ratna Dewi Wijayanti
Abstrak :
Ibu hamil menjadisalah satu kelompok masyarakat yang rentan terinfeksi COVID-19 akibat adanya perubahan fisiologis tubuh. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan pandemi COVID-19 memengaruhi perawatan selama kehamilan, meningkatkan angka kehamilan risiko tinggi, dan meningkatkan mortalitas padaibu dan bayinya. Menurut WHO, peningkatan jumlah persalinan dengan metode Sectio Caesaria (SC) berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan kejadian infeksi daerah operasi (IDO). Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis faktor-faktor intrinsik (umur pasien, status gizi, anemia, kejadian perdarahan)dan faktor ekstrinsik ( pengetahuan tenaga kesehatan tentang pengendalian infeksi rumah sakit, kepatuah kebersihan tangan tenaga kesehatan, kepatuhan penggunaan alat pelindung diri tenaga kesehatan, lama waktu operasi dan penggunaan antibiotika profilaksis) yang menyebabkan kejadian IDO pada pasien pasca-SC selama pandemi COVID-19 di RSUD Bali Mandara. Penelitian menggunakan desain kuantitatif analitik korelasional cross-sectional. Sampel penelitian 183 tenaga kesehatan yang bertugas di ruang perawatan pasca- SC dengan menggunakan rule of thumb dan instrumen penelitiannya berupa kuisioner dan lembar observasi. Data faktor intrinsik diambil dari rekam medis (umur pasien, status gizi, anemia, serta kejadian perdarahan) kemudian dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat. Dari variabel umur pasien rata-rata berusia 28,19 tahun (26,2–30,15) dengan pasien yang mengalami IDO cenderung lebih muda. Mayoritas subjek mengalami anemia, baik pada kelompok pasien yang mengalami maupun yang tidak mengalami IDO. OR pasien anemia yang mengalami IDO adalah 0,652 sehingga menunjukkan sifat protektif. Dari faktor ekstrinsik diperoleh nilai median pengetahuan nakes tentang pengendalian infeksi sangat baik dengan rata-rata 90 (85,89–90,36). Selain itu, nilai mean kepatuhan kebersihan tangan nakes adalah 3,35 (3,23–3,47) yang berarti sangat baik. sementara nilai median dari faktor kepatuhan penggunaan APD nakes adalah 16 (14,66-15,59) dengan nilai maksimum 16. Pada lama operasi, dengan median yang didapat 42 (41,88–45,18) menit masih serupa dengan standar rerata lama SC (45 menit). Analisis Mann-Whitney menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan peringkat lama waktu operasi pasien yang tidak signifikan pada pasien yang mengalami IDO pasca-SC dan yang tidak mengalami IDO.Pada penggunaan antibiotika profilaksis, sebagian besar pasien penelitian menggunakannya (RR = 0,16), menunjukkan faktor umur pasien menjadi faktor intrinsik dan kepatuhan pengunaan APD menjadi faktor ekstrinsik yang memengaruhi kejadian IDO pasien COVID-19 pasca SC tahun 2020 di RSUD Bali Mandara. Asuhan antenatal yang terfokus bekerja sama dengan fasilitas kesehatan primer,serta pemangku kebijakan dalam menyiapkan fasilitas kesehatan yang memadai bagi pasien dan tenaga kesehatan serta membangkitkan kesadaran untuk menjaga kesehatan ibu dan bayi oleh pasien dan keluarga merupakan salah satu upaya menurunkan angka IDO. ......Pregnant women are one of the groups of people who are vulnerable to being infected with COVID-19 due to physiological changes in the body. Several studies have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting care during pregnancy, increasing the rate of high-risk pregnancies, and increasing mortality for both mother and baby. According to WHO, the increase in the number of deliveries using the C-Section (CS) method is directly proportional to the increase in the incidence of surgical site infections (SSI). The purpose of this study was to analyze intrinsic factors (patient age, nutritional status, anemia, bleeding incidence) and extrinsic factors (knowledge of health care workers in hospital infection control, hand hygiene compliance, compliance with the use of personal protective equipment, duration of surgery and use of prophylactic antibiotics). which caused the incidence of SSI in post-CS patients during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Bali Mandara Hospital. This study uses a cross-sectional correlational analytic quantitative design. The research sample was 183 health workers who served in the post-CS treatment room using the rule of thumb and research instruments are form of questionnaires and observation sheets. Intrinsic factor data were taken from medical records (patient age, nutritional status, anemia, and bleeding incidence) and then analyzed by univariate and bivariate. From the age variable, the average patient was 28.19 years (26.2–30.15) with patients experiencing SSI which tended to be younger. The majority of subjects in this study were anemic, both in the group of patients with and without SSI. The OR of anemic patients with SSI was 0.652, indicating protective properties. From extrinsic factors, the median knowledge of health workers about infection control was very good with an average of 90 (85.89–90.36). In addition, the mean hand hygiene compliance of health workers was 3.35 (3.23–3.47) which means very good. while the median value of the compliance factor for the use of PPE for health workers is 16 (14.66- 15.59) with a maximum value of 16. In the length of operation, the median obtained is 42 (41.88-45.18) minutes, which is still similar to the standard length of time CS(45 minutes). The Mann-Whitney analysis showed that there was a non-significant difference in the ratings for the duration of surgery for patients with post-CS SSI and those without SSI. In the use of prophylactic antibiotics, most of the study patients used them (RR = 0.16), indicating a factor The patient's age is an intrinsic factor and compliance with the use of PPE is an extrinsic factor that affects the incidence of SSI in post-CS COVID-19 patients in 2020 at the Bali Mandara Hospital. Antenatal care that focuses on collaborating with primary health facilities, as well as policy makers in preparing adequate health facilities for patients and health workers as well as raising awareness to maintain maternal and infant health by patients and families is one of the efforts to reduce SSI rates.
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2022
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Maureen
Abstrak :
Ansietas pembedahan merupakan salah satu komponen utama krisis yang di hadapi anak di rumah sakit. Ansietas pembedahan menyebabkan anak tidak koperatif pada saat preoperatif sehingga menyebabkan lama rawat menahun, biaya perawatan kesehatan meningkat, dan keterlambatan memasuki ruang operasi. Hasil uji klinis menunjukan bermain terapeutik: boneka memberikan efek positif dalam mengatasi ansietas pembedahan. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat efektivitas bermain terapeutik: boneka pada anak prasekolah dalam mengurangi ansietas pembedahan dengan menggunakan studi kasus. Studi ini menggunakan dua instrumen yaitu CFS untuk melihat skor ketakutan anak dan MYPAS-SF untuk melihat ansietas preoperatif anak. Hasil CFS didapatkan kedua klien mengalami penurunan skor ketakutan setelah diberikan intervensi. Selain itu, hasil MYPAS-SF kedua klien menunjukan klien tidak ansietas, MYPAS-SF = 29,92. Hasil studi didapatkan bahwa bermain terapeutik: boneka dapat menurunkan kecemasan dan ketakutan pada anak prasekolah preoperatif.
Surgical anxiety is one of the main components of the crisis faced by children in hospitals. Surgical anxiety causes the child to be uncooperative when preoperative resulting in prolonged stays in recovery, increases in health care costs, and delays entering the operating room. Clinical test results show therapeutic play: dolls have a positive effect in overcoming surgical anxiety. This study aims to look at the effectiveness of therapeutic play: dolls in preschool children in reducing surgical anxiety by using case studies. This study uses two instruments, namely CFS to see the childs fear score and MYPAS-SF to see childs preoperative anxiety. The CFS results showed that both clients experienced a decrease in fear scores after being given an intervention. In addition, the results of the MYPAS-SF both clients show clients are not anxiety, MYPAS-SF = 29.92. The results of the study found that therapeutic play: dolls can reduce anxiety and fear in preoperative preschoolers.
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2019
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Verawati Dewi Susanti
Abstrak :
Cleft lip and palate (CLP) merupakan malformasi orofasial kongenital yang paling umum terjadi pada anak. Anak-anak yang terlahir dengan celah bibir (cleft lip) dan/atau celah langit-langit mulut (cleft palate) memerlukan prosedur operasi untuk merekonstruksi area yang terkena untuk perbaikan makan, bicara dan fungsi saluran napas. Prosedur operasi merupakan salah satu penanganan penyakit yang membutuhkan hospitalisasi dan sering menimbulkan ketidaknyamanan bagi anak-anak juga orang tua atau pengasuhnya. Masalah yang sering timbul pada anak yang menjalani hospitalisasi dan prosedur bedah adalah kecemasan dan nyeri. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisis asuhan keperawatan pada pasien anak dengan ansietas dan nyeri pascaoperasi palatoplasti dengan penerapan intervensi bermain terapeutik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat kecemasan dan nyeri pascaoperasi menurun namun intervensi baru berhasil dilakukan pada hari keempat perawatan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan bina hubungan saling percaya yang baru terbentuk serta tingkat nyeri yang masih tinggi sehingga masih berada di bawah penanganan utama manajemen nyeri farmakologis. Penerapan intervensi bermain terapeutik ini akan  lebih optimal jika diterapkan dalam waktu, durasi dan jenis permainan yang tepat.

Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are the most common congenital orofacial malformation in children. Children who were born with cleft lip and / or cleft palate are requiring surgical procedures to reconstruct the affected area for improving the ability of eat, speech and airway function. Surgical procedure is one of the curing of the diseases and it is requiring hospitalization and often causing discomfort for children as well as parents or caregivers. The problems that might be arise in children who are undergoing hospitalization and surgical procedures are anxiety and pain. This paper aims to analyze nursing care in pediatric patients who have anxiety and postoperative palatoplasty pain by applying therapeutic play interventions. The result of this paper shows that the level of postoperative anxiety and pain have decreased but the result of the interventions have successed on the fourth day of treatment. That is because the establish trusting relitionship has new formed and the level of pain is still at high, so that it is still under the main intervention of pharmacological pain management. Implementing therapeutic play interventions will be more optimal if it is applied at the proper of time, duration, and type of play. 

Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Keperawatan Universitas Indonesia, 2020
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Simorangkir, Bastian Parningotan
Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Perdarahan pada operasi OPCAB dapat terjadi didasari oleh mekanisme aktivasi jalur fibrinolisis akibat trauma bedah. Asam traneksamat yang diberikan secara topikal bekerja sebagai antifibrinolitik secara lokal dengan efek samping sistemik minimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keunggulan penggunaan asam traneksamat topikal dibandingkan plasebo pada pasien yang menjalani operasi OPCAB pada perdarahan pascaoperasi. Metode: Randomisasi 44 sampel menjadi kelompok asam traneksamat topikal (n = 22) dan kelompok plasebo (n = 22). Pengukuran volume perdarahan dilakukan empat kesempatan, pada perdarahan inisial, enam jam, 24 jam dan 48 jam pascaoperasi. Transfusi komponen darah (PRBC, TC, FFP, kriopresipitat) dicatat selama masa perawatan. Variabel dengan sebaran normal menggunakan statistik independent t-test, sedangkan data dengan sebaran tidak normal menggunakan statistik nonparametrik uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Perdarahan inisial (72,50 (15-210) vs. 62,5 (10-180), p = 0,878), perdarahan enam jam (145 (55-640) vs. 220 (90-810), p = 0,006), perdarahan 24 jam (327,5 (120-770) vs. 437,5 (250-1620), p = 0,045), perdarahan 48 jam (462,5 (175-1680) vs. 572,5 (311-2060), p = 0,177), tidak ada perbedaan bermakna pada kebutuhan transfusi komponen darah pada kedua kelompok. Efek samping lebih rendah pada kelompok asam traneksamat. Simpulan: Pemberian asam traneksamat topikal secara klinis lebih unggul dibandingkan plasebo dalam menurunkan volume perdarahan pada 6 jam dan 24 jam pascaoperasi namun tidak lebih unggul dalam menurunkan kebutuhan transfusi darah pada pasien yang menjalani operasi jantung dengan teknik OPCAB. ......Background: Bleeding during OPCAB surgery can occur based on the activation mechanism of the fibrinolysis pathway due to surgical trauma. Topically administered tranexamic acid acts as a local antifibrinolytic with minimal systemic side effects. This study aims to determine the advantages of using topical tranexamic acid compared to placebo in patients undergoing OPCAB surgery for postoperative bleeding. Method: A total of 44 samples were randomized into topical tranexamic acid group (n =22) and placebo group (n = 22). Bleeding volume measurements were carried out four times, at the initial bleeding, six hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours postoperatively. Transfusions of blood components (PRBC, TC, FFP, cryoprecipitate) were recorded throughout the treatment period. Variables with normal distribution were carried out with independent t-test statistical analysis, whereas data with abnormal distribution were analyzed using nonparametric statistics Mann-Whitney test. Result: Initial bleeding (72.50 (15-210) vs. 62.5 (10-180), p = 0.878), six-hour bleeding (145 (55-640) vs. 220 (90-810), p = 0.006), 24-hour bleeding (327.5 (120-770) vs. 437.5 (250-1620), p = 0.045), 48-hour bleeding (462.5 (175-1680) vs. 572.5 (311) -2060), p = 0.177), there was no significant difference in the need for blood component transfusions in the two groups. The side effects were lower in the tranexamic acid group. Conclusion: Topical tranexamic acid administration is clinically superior to placebo in reducing bleeding volume at 6 hours and 24 hours postoperatively but not superior in reducing the need for blood transfusions in patients undergoing cardiac surgery using the OPCAB technique.
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2023
SP-pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Yoshinari Ogawa
Abstrak :

ABSTRACT
Purpose Geriatric surgery poses specific challenges due to patient vulnerability in relation to aging. We analyzed perioperative challenges concerning super-elderly patients with breast cancer. Methods Between 2013 and 2018, 908 patients with breast cancer were treated surgically. Of these, two patient groups were compared: Group A (≥ 85 years old, n = 34, 3,7%) and Group B (75-84 years old, n = 136, 15%). Results In Groups A and B, 26,4% and 36,8% of patients lived alone, respectively. Group A patients had higher rates of psychiatric and cardiovascular disease (32,4% and 41,2%) than Group B (8,8% and 16,2%) (p = 0,0009 and p = 0,0031, respectively). There was no marked difference in the type of surgery or length of hospital stay between groups, and most complications involved surgical site disorders. Postoperatively, Group A had a higher rate of delirium (29,4%) than Group B (3,7%) (p < 0,0001). The 30-day postoperative mortality rate was 0, and 76,5% of Group A and 45,6% of Group B patients received no adjuvant therapy (p = 0,0024). Conclusions Age alone does not constitute a contraindication for appropriate surgery, although there are some challenges necessary to consider for super-elderly patients.
Tokyo: Springer, 2019
617 SUT 49:10 (2019)
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
Abstrak :
The volume is authored by a colorectal surgeon with long-standing clinical and scientific experience and is devoted to the management of complications following surgery of the anorectum and the pelvic floor. It is aimed not only at general surgeons, perineologists and, of course, proctologists, but also at gastroenterologists, endoscopists, radiologists and physiotherapists, i.e. those who may be involved in both diagnosis and cure whenever an adverse event, either unpredictable or potentially preventable, causes an intra- or postoperative, early or late, mild or life-threatening complication. Severe bleeding, dehiscence, perforation, anorectal stricture, fecal incontinence, and even caval vein thrombosis, fatal Fournier gangrene and pneumomediastinum may occur after anal surgery. The incidence, pathogenesis prevention and treatment of such events are discussed in detail in 10 chapters with 30 tables, 200 illustrations and more than 1000 references. Both conventional procedures and recent innovations are reported. “Unforgettable clinical cases (complications with litigation)” and “Tips and Tricks” are sections increasing the appeal of this book. The approach is “evidence-based” and holistic, focusing on anorectal problems while taking into consideration whole body-mental unity—showing, for example, that a non-healing perineal wound may be due to hypo-pituitarism, and failure after a re-intervention may be related to psychological distress.
Milan: Springer, 2012
e20426403
eBooks  Universitas Indonesia Library
cover
McConnell, Edwina A.
Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1987
617.91 MCC c
Buku Teks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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