Utopia exist as a part of imagination realm that simulated an ideal space with imperfect reality background. The idea of utopia as an ideal space is also related to heterotopia, a space used to describe the idea of utopia. Heterotopia can be seen as the physical form of utopia condition. Utopia can be visualized through film as a media and can manifest the idea of utopia and heterotopia then translate it into a sequence of images that picture reality in different time and space. The ability of film as a media to present utopia in a space is connected simulacra. In media, simulacra often showed as a duplication of the reality and people believe what they see instead of the existing facts, or what it’s called as a fake reality. As a result, the distinction between the original and the copy starts to blur. The implementation that came with the result is, the viewer could see the space in film as a reality. Because of the implementation, the purpose of this study is to capture the concept of utopia and heterotopia through the simulation and its relation to the original and the copy. This study also shows how the media could reflect the idea of utopia in space and heterotopia inside simulacra. This research leads to how The Chronicles of Narnia: The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe could reflect the idea of utopia within it spaces and how it copies the reality in real world and turns it into a simulation.
Pemberdayaan perempuan sering digunakan dalam film untuk mengedepankan tokoh perempuan yang suara dan tindakannya sering tidak terlihat. Agensi, suara, dan kekuasaan adalah elemen yang saling terkait dalam membantu membentuk sosok perempuan yang berdaya. Film adaptasi The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian (2008) memakai pendekatan yang berbeda dalam menyampaikan cerita sehingga terdapat perbedaan yang siginifikan pada alur dan tokoh Susan Pevensie yang digambarkan lebih berdaya dalam film daripada di buku. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan, bahwa meskipun di dalam film Susan ditampilkan lebih berdaya, film ini tidak sepenuhnya memberdayakan Susan. Masih ada penggambaran yang memosisikan Susan sebagai tokoh yang inferior. Dengan menggunakan teori agensi oleh Trites (1997), teori representasi oleh Hall (1997), dan unsur-unsur analisis film oleh Bordwell dan Thompson (2013), penelitian ini akan mengidentifikasi perbedaan penggambaran Susan dibandingkan tokoh laki-laki dan memeriksa agensi, suara, dan kekuatannya dalam buku dan film. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemosisian Susan di dalam film tidak terlalu jauh berbeda dari pemosisian Susan di dalam buku. Ia tetap diposisikan sebagai tokoh yang lebih rendah daripada tokoh laki-laki. Dengan demikian, meskipun film menggambarkan Susan sebagai tokoh perempuan yang berdaya melalui perubahan alur dan representasi visualnya, film masih jatuh ke dalam perangkap stereotip gender. Beberapa mise-en-scène dalam film masih mewakili sistem patriarki dalam penggambaran stereotip gendernya yang kontraproduktif dengan upaya film tersebut untuk memberdayakan Susan.
Women empowerment is often used in films to bring forward female characters whose voices and actions are often put in the background. Agency, voice, and power are inter-connected elements in helping to shape an empowered female figure. The film adaptation of The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian (2008) takes a different approach in delivering the story which results in significant differences in the plot and Susan Pevensie’s character who is portrayed to be more empowering in the film than in the novel. This research aims to show that although in the film Susan is portrayed to be more empowering, it still does not fully empower Susan. There are several depictions that position Susan as an inferior character. By using agency theory by Trites (1997), representation theory by Hall (1997), and elements of film analysis by Bordwell and Thompson (2013), this research aims to identify the differences in Susan’s depictions compared to the male characters and analyze her agency, voice, and power in the novel and film of The Chronicles of Narnia: Prince Caspian. The result shows that Susan’s positioning in the film is not so much different from her positioning in the novel. She is still positioned as a character who is inferior to the male characters. Although Susan is portrayed as an empowered female character through the changes of the plot and her visual representation, the film still falls into the trap of gender stereotyping. Some mise-en-scène in the film still represent the patriarchal system in its gender stereotyped portrayal which is counterproductive to the effort of the film to empower Susan.
