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Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Buah belimbing manis (Averrhoa carambola L.) diketahui memiliki potensi aktivitas antioksidan yang baik karena mengandung berbagai senyawa fenol, flavonoid, serta vitamin C. Potensi ini dapat dimanfaatkan dalam berbagai produk kosmetika salah satunya yaitu sabun cair pembersih wajah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasi sari buah belimbing manis ke dalam tiga formula sabun pembersih wajah yaitu sebesar 1%, 3%, dan 5% yang kemudian dilakukan uji aktivitas antioksidan serta evaluasi dan uji stabilitas fisik dari sabun tersebut. Metode peredaman DPPH digunakan untuk mengetahui nilai IC50 baik dari sari buah belimbing manis maupun sabun cair. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kandungan fenol total sari buah belimbing manis adalah 8,681 mg GAE/g dan kandungan flavonoid total sebesar 9,206 mg QE/g. sementara nilai IC50 dari sari buah belimbing manis sebesar 97,0405 ppm. Sabun cair yang memiliki nilai IC50 terendah yaitu yang mengandung sari buah belimbing manis sebanyak 5% dengan nilai IC50 sebesar 18.071,91 ppm. Berdasarkan hasil uji stabilitas fisik sabun cair dengan kandungan sari 1% dan 3% stabil secara fisik dalam penyimpanan berbagai suhu dan cycling test. Sabun cair dengan kandungan sari 5% stabil secara fisik dalam penyimpanan suhu rendah dan suhu kamar serta cycling test, namun mengalami perubahan warna pada penyimpanan suhu tinggi setelah 6 minggu.

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ABSTRACT
Star fruit (Averrhoa carambola L.) are known to have potential antioxidant activity because it contains a variety of phenolic compounds, flavonoids and vitamin C. This potency can be utilized in a variety of cosmetic products, one of them is a face wash. This study aims to formulate a star fruit essence into three face wash formulas: 1%, 3%, and 5% then tested the antioxidant activity and evaluate them, then the physical stability test is carried out. DPPH method used to determine the IC50 value both from star fruit essence and face wash. The results showed the total phenol content of star fruit juice is 8,681 mg GAE/g and total flavonoid content is 9,206 mg QE/g, while the IC50 value of star fruit essence is 97,0405 ppm. Face wash that has the lowest IC50 value is the one that containing 5% star fruit essence, with IC50 values 18.071,91 ppm. The physical stability test result showed, face wash that contain 1% and 3% star fruit essence are physically stable in storage at various temperatures and cycling test. Face wash with 5% star fruit essence is physically stable in storage at low temperature and room temperature as well as the cycling test, but the color changes on storage at high temperatures after 6 weeks. ;

Abstrak :
Topically applied products and medications can profoundly affect skin's barrier function and overall health. Bursting with suggestions to assist research and development, Innate Immune System of Skin and Oral Mucosa: Properties and Impact in Pharmaceutics, Cosmetics, and Personal Care Products provides a comprehensive overview on the innate immune system and its relevance to pharmaceutics, cosmetic chemistry, and personal care products. The book allows pharmaceutical and medical professionals to assess accumulated knowledge and develop an understanding that will pave the way for next generation treatment avenues, preventative approaches, and drug development. Part I of this book presents an overview emphasizing mechanisms for control of bacteria at the skin surface. This includes historical and ethical aspects of skin cleaning products.Part II of the book includes chapters discussing antimicrobial peptides and lipids in innate immunity of skin and mucosa. Part III deals with cellular components of innate immunity and the link between innate and adaptive immunity. Part IV deals with stressors that can influence innate immunity. These include radiation and oxidative stress, cosmetic formulations, and aging. Finally, microbial challenges are discussed in Part V.