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"Human oral tongue cancer (SP-C1) is thought to be a high grade malignancy. Despite advances in surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and combination therapy, prognosis and survival of patients with human tongue cancer have not significantly improved over the past several decades. Treatment options for recurrent or refractory tongue cancer are limited. Therefore, as a strategy for refractory cancer, anti-mitotic chemotherapy and its mechanisms are of considerable interest, including those using docetaxel hydrate for inducing maspin protein. In the current study, the mechanisms responsible for growth suppression and metastasis of SP-C1 by docetaxel hydrate through induction of maspin regulation were investigated. To evaluate in vitro cell proliferation and cell metastasis, MTT and out-growth assays were performed, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of maspin mediated by docetaxel hydrate was analysed by Western blotting. The results showed that treatment with 50 g/ml docetaxel hydrate significantly suppressed SP-C1 cell growth from day 1. Strong inhibition of metastasis of SP-C1 cells was also shown by treatment with 50 g/ml of docetaxel hydrate. Moreover, a significant induction of maspin regulation was detected in cells treated with 10 and 50 g/ml of docetaxel hydrate. However, the same protein level wasdemonstrated in -tubulin expression. These findings suggest thatdocetaxel hydrate may have potential for powerful anti-mitoticchemotherapy through induction of maspin regulation."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji efek ekstrak etanol daun tanaman keladi tikus (typhonium flagelliforme lodd.) pada invasi sel kanker lidah manusia (SP-C1). Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental laboraotris murni terhadap sel kanker lidah manusia (SP-C1) yang diberi perlakuan dengan ekstrak etanol daun keladi tikus. Biakan sel SP-C1 diinkubasikan dengan ekstrak etanol daun tanaman keladi tikus dalam berbagai konsentrasi 90, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125 ug/ml) selama 24 jam, sebagai kontrol negatif digunakan biakan sel SP-C1 dalam Rosswell Park Memorial Institute 1640 (RPMI-1640). Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengetahui aktivitas invasi sel SP-C1 setelah diberi perlakuan ekstrak etanol daun tanaman keladi tikus menggunakan alat Boyden chamber. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan jumlah biakan sel SP-C1 secara signifikan terlihat pada perlakuan dengan ekstrak etanol daun keladi tkus konsentrasi 125 ug/ml dibandingkan kontrol maupun kelompok perlakuan. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun keladi tikus mempunyai pengaruh signifikan dalam menghambat invasi sel SP-C1."

"Latar Belakang: Karsinoma sel skuamosa (KSS) lidah merupakan kanker rongga mulut (KRM) yang paling banyak ditemukan. Diseksi leher dikerjakan bersamaan dengan eksisi luas tumor karena tingginya angka occult metastasis yaitu sebesar 30% pada kelenjar getah bening (KGB) leher yang secara yang klinis tidak teraba (N0). Berdasarkan penelitian sebelumnya penanda epitelial E-cadherin dan penanda sel punca kanker CD44 dapat digunakan sebagai alat diagnostik prabedah untuk mengidentifikasi pasien yang mengalami metastasis KGB sehingga dapat menjadi salah satu modalitas yang membantu ahli bedah dalam mengambil keputusan tipe diseksi leher yang akan dikerjakan agar memberikan manfaat terbaik bagi pasien. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ekspresi E-cadherin dan CD44 dengan metastasis KGB leher pada KSS lidah. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan desain studi potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Kriteria inklusi adalah pasien KSS lidah tanpa metastasis jauh, dilakukan operasi eksisi luas tumor dan diseksi KGB leher, dan blok parafin yang layak diperiksa. Data sosiodemografi dan klinikopatologis diambil dari rekam medis. Pewarnaan imunohistokimia dengan E-cadherin dan CD44 dilakukan pada jaringan KSS lidah yang sudah terdapat di blok parafin tersimpan kemudian tingkat ekspresi E-cadherin dan CD44 dikelompokkan menjadi tinggi dan rendah sesuai kepustakaan. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan program SPSS 24.0. Hasil: Didapatkan 30 dengan 15 subjek KSS lidah dengan metastasis KGB dan 15 subjek tanpa metastasis KGB. Dari analisis data, didapatkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara ekspresi E-cadherin dengan metastasis KGB (p=0.000) dan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara CD44 dengan metastasis KGB (p=0.003). Kesimpulan: Ekspresi E-cadherin yang rendah dan CD44 yang tinggi memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan metastasis KGB pada KSS lidah.

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Background: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is the most common oral cavity cancer. Neck dissection was done simultaneously with wide excision of the tumor because of occult metastases high rate (about 30%) in clinically non-palpable neck lymph nodes (N0). Based on previous research, the epithelial marker E-cadherin and cancer stem cell marker CD44 could be used as pre-surgical diagnostic tools to identify patients who have lymph node metastases so that it could be a modality that helps surgeons in making decisions about neck dissection type to be performed to provide the best benefit for patients. Objective: To evaluate the association between E-cadherin and CD44 expressions and neck lymph node metastasis in SCC of the tongue. Methods: This research was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Samples were taken through consecutive sampling according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were patients with SCC of the tongue without distant metastases, post wide excision of the tumor with neck lymph node dissection, and eligible paraffin block for examination. Sociodemographic and clinicopathological data were obtained from medical records. Immunohistochemistry staining was performed with E-cadherin and CD44 from stored paraffin blocks, then the expression levels of E-cadherin and CD44 were grouped into high and low according to the literature. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS 24.0. Results: Thirty samples of SCC of tongue were collected, consist of 15 subject with neck lymph node metastasis tongue and 15 subject without neck lymph node metastasis. From data analysis, a significant difference was found between E-cadherin and CD44 expressions with neck lymph node metastasis (p value was 0.000 and 0.003, respectively). Conclusion: Low expression of E-cadherin and high expression of CD44 was significantly associated with the occurence of neck lymph node metastasis in SCC of the tongue."