Ditemukan 2 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
Arimbi Purinada Miandari
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ABSTRAKTuberkulosis (TB), suatu penyakit infeksi saluran pernapasan yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium tuberculosis, merupakan salah satu penyakit dengan prevalensi yang tinggi di Indonesia. Namun demikian, terapi oral antituberkulosis dalam jangka panjang dapat menimbulkan sejumlah efek samping dan berpotensi kepada ketidakpatuhan pasien. Pada kasus ini terapi inhalasi dinilai sebagai salah satu strategi untuk meningkatkan efektivitas pengobatan tuberkulosis yang prospektif. Faktanya, tidak ada satupun sediaan inhalasi untuk antituberkulosis di Indonesia hingga saat ini. Sehingga tujuan penulisan ini adalah mengeksplorasi perkembangan dan mengidentifikasi tantangan dalam penelitian sediaan inhalasi antituberkulosis, serta prospek produksi sediaan inhalasi di Indonesia. Metode literature review dilakukan dengan pencarian dengan kata kunci antituberculosis inhalation pada google scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, situs clinical trial FDA dan situs BPOM. Penelitian terbaru sudah terfokus pada sediaan dry powder inhalation (DPI), letak perbedaan terlihat dari cara produksi dan zat pembawa obat. Ditemukan beberapa tantangan yang dihadapi dalam pengembangan sediaan inhalasi, diantaranya, mekanisme pertahanan dari paru-paru, informasi pengembangan obat yang belum terkumpul secara komprehensif, proses produksi yang berbeda, biaya produksi yang jauh lebih mahal, dan sulit menemukan model biologis untuk pengujian yang tepat. Namun, terdapat banyak bentuk rekayasa partikel dan kombinasi formulasi untuk pengembangan sistem pengiriman inhalasi. Sediaan dalam bentuk DPI dengan metode spray drying yang mungkin bisa diterapkan di Indonesia.
ABSTRACTTuberculosis (TB), a respiratory infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is one of the diseases with a high prevalence in Indonesia. However, long-term antituberculosis oral therapy could cause several side effects and had a potential for disobedience patients. In this case, the inhalation therapy is considered one of the strategies to increase prospective tuberculosis treatment effectiveness. In fact, there is no inhalation device for antituberculosis in Indonesia until now. Therefore, this paper aims to explore developments and identify challenges in research on antituberculosis inhalation dosage forms and the prospects for inhalation dosage forms production in Indonesia. The literature review method was performed by searching for the keyword antituberculosis inhalation on google scholar, ScienceDirect, PubMed, FDA clinical trial sites, and BPOM sites. Recent research has focused on dry powder inhalation (DPI), where differences were seen in how they were produced and the drug carrier. Several challenges were found in the deal with the development of inhalation preparations, including defense mechanisms of the lungs, drug development information that had not been collected comprehensively, different production processes, much more expensive manufacturing costs, and difficult to find biological models for proper testing. However, there were many techniques of particle engineering and a combination of formulations for the development of inhalation delivery systems. Preparations in form of DPI with spray drying method that may be applied in Indonesia."
Depok: Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Indonesia, 2020
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
Dewi Krisna Yunda
"Malnutrisi dan Tuberkulosis (TB) memiliki hubungan bidireksional, dimana saling berinteraksi satu sama lain. Pada kondisi infeksi kronis, terjadi ketidakseimbangan antara pemecahan protein dan sintesis protein yang ditandai dengan menurunnya massa bebas lemak. Malnutrisi juga menyebabkan atrofi timus sehingga terjadi penurunan proliferasi limfosit. Kondisi malnutrisi pada pasien TB akan menurunkan kualitas hidup. Kualitas hidup yang baik akan meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan, menurunkan mortalitas dan morbiditas. Short Form-36 (SF-36) merupakan kuesioner untuk menilai kualitas hidup yang dapat menilai 2 komponen yaitu komponen fisik (PCS) dan mental (MCS). Penelitian potong lintang ini bertujuan untuk menilai hubungan asupan protein, massa bebas lemak dan hitung limfosit total dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien TB paru fase intensif di 12 puskesmas yang dipilih secara random di Kota Pekanbaru, Riau. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling, dan didapatkan 72 subjek yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai tengah usia adalah 33 tahun dengan usia terendah 18 tahun dan tertinggi 59 tahun. Sebanyak 56,9% subjek adalah laki-laki, sebagian besar berpendidikan menengah dengan pendapatan kurang, perokok aktif dan dengan status gizi kurang (underweight). Sebanyak 59,7% subjek memiliki asupan protein yang kurang, 86,1% dengan massa bebas lemak yang rendah, dan 88,9% subjek memiliki hitung limfosit yang normal. Sebagian besar subjek memiliki kualitas hidup PCS dan MCS yang baik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat korelasi dengan kekuatan lemah yang bermakna secara statistik antara massa bebas lemak dengan PCS (r = 0,239, p = 0,044), sedangkan asupan protein dan hitung limfosit total tidak ditemukan adanya korelasi baik terhadap PCS maupun MCS.
Introduction: Malnutrition and Tuberculosis (TB) have bidirectional relationship, which interact between each other. In chronic infection, there is an imbalance between protein degradation and protein synthesis which marked with the loss of fat free mass (FFM). Malnutrition can cause the atrophy of thymus gland resulted in the reduction of lymphocyte production. Malnutrition in TB patients will reduce quality of life. On the other hand, a good quality of life will increase treatment success rate and decrease the risk of morbidity and mortality. Short Form-36 (SF-36) is a questionnaire used to assess quality of life consists of two different components, physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS).Methods: This cross-sectional study aimed to assess correlation between protein intake, fat free mass, and total lymphocyte count with quality of life among intensive phase lung tuberculosis patients. Data collected from May to July 2019 in 12 primary health centers chosen randomly in Pekanbaru, Riau Province. Samples selected using consecutive sampling method and 72 subjects fulfilled all research criteria. Interview was used to collect basic characteristic data, dietary intake data, and quality of life score. Anthropometric measurement (body weight, body height, and fat free mass) and laboratory examination (total lymphocyte count) were done. Spearman, Pearson, Mann-Whitney, and Kruskall Wallis test were used in this study.Results: Research showed median age subjects was 33 years old (18-59 years old). Most of the subjects were male (56.9%), had middle level of education, had low income, were active smoker with underweight nutritional status. Around 59.7% subjects had low protein intake, 86.1% subjects had low fat free mass, and 88.9% subjects had normal lymphocyte count. Most of the subjects had good physical and mental component score of quality of life assessment.Conclusion: There was a statistically significant weak correlation between fat free mass with PCS (r = 0.239, p = 0.044). However, there was no correlation found between protein intake or total lymphocyte count with PCS or MCS."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2019
T59201
UI - Tesis Membership Universitas Indonesia Library
