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Abstrak :
Pendahuluan: Dalam memberikan panduan pencitraan pada nefrolitotomi perkutan (PCNL), ultrasonografi telah menjadi alternatif panduan dalam PCNL bebas sinar-x yang akan mengurangi radiasi baik pada pasien maupun operator. Meta-analisis ini menilai literatur secara kritis dengan membandingkan keamanan dan kemanjuran PCNL bebas sinar-x dan PCNL yang dipandu fluoroskopi dengan sub-analisis dalam posisi terlentang dan tengkurap. Metode: Pencarian literatur secara sistematis dilakukan menggunakan Wiley Library, Clinicalkey, dan Pubmed. Studi yang membandingkan fluoroskopi dan PCNL bebas sinar-x hingga Agustus 2020 disertakan. Hasil yang diukur termasuk tingkat bebas batu, waktu operasi, perdarahan, komplikasi, dan lama rawat rumah sakit. Meta-analisis dilakukan pada setiap hasil. Hasil: Dari 283 artikel yang teridentifikasi dari skrining, tujuh artikel dimasukkan ke dalam analisis kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Tingkat bebas batu (p=0,50), waktu operasi (p=0,83), perdarahan (p=0,41), komplikasi (p=0,20), dan lama rawat inap (p=0,27) pada kedua kelompok secara statistik tidak berbeda. Dalam sub-analisis, ditemukan bahwa komplikasi dan perdarahan signifikan secara statistik pada kelompok rawan, p=0,05 dengan OR 0,17 (95%CI 0,03-1,00) dan p=0,02 dengan OR 0,52 (95%CI 0,30-0,92) masing-masing. Kesimpulan: Bukti yang mendukung pendekatan pencitraan yang lebih baik masih terbatas saat ini. Namun, sebagai pendekatan alternatif untuk PCNL dengan ultrasonografi bebas x-ray, hal ini menawarkan keamanan yang lebih baik pada posisi tengkurap dan keamanan yang sebanding pada kelompok terlentang. Efikasi antara kedua kelompok ditemukan sebanding baik dalam sub-analisis terlentang dan tengkurap. ......Introduction: There are imaging guidances used for percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), Ultrasonography has been an alternative for guidance in x-ray free PCNL that would reduce radiation both in patients and operators. This meta-analysis critically appraises the literature comparing the safety and efficacy of x-ray free and fluoroscopy-guided PCNL with sub-analysis in supine and prone position. Method: A systematic literature search using Wiley Library, Clinicalkey, and Pubmed. Studies comparing fluoroscopy and x-ray free PCNL up to August, 2020 were included. The outcome measured included the stone-free rate, operative time, bleeding, complication, and hospital length. Meta-analysis was conducted for each of the outcomes. Result: Of 283 articles identified from screening, seven were included in quantitative and qualitative analysis. The stone-free rate (p=0.50), operative time (p=0.83), bleeding (p=0.41), complication (p=0.20), and hospital length of stay (p=0.27) in both groups statistically indifferent. In sub-analysis, we found that complication and bleeding statistically significant in prone group, p=0.05 with OR 0.17 (95%CI 0.03-1.00) and p=0.02 with OR 0.52 (95%CI 0.30-0.92) respectively. Conclusion: Evidence supporting a better imaging approach remains limited at present. However, as an alternative approach for x-ray free ultrasound-guided PCNL, it offers better safety in prone positio and comparable safety in supine group. The efficacy between both groups found comparable both in supine and prone sub-analysis.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Subepidermal low echogenic band (SLEB) adalah gambaran USG berupa area hipoekhoik pada lapisan dermis, tepatnya subepidermal, yang merupakan suatu proses elastosis sebagai penanda dari photoaging. Tujuan: Menilai perbedaan rasio ketebalan SLEB dengan dermis antara kelompok perempuan pra dan pascamenopause dengan menggunakan USG general purpose frekuensi 18 MHz. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang komparatif menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh melalui pengukuran langsung di pipi kanan dan kiri dengan menggunakan USG general purpose frekuensi 18 MHz. Data sekunder diperoleh dari penelitian sebelumnya. Hasil: Rerata usia subjek pramenopause sebesar 29,6 tahun dan rerata usia subjek pascamenopause sebesar 55,7 tahun. Rerata tebal dermis dan rerata tebal SLEB didapatkan lebih tebal pada kelompok pramenopause dibandingkan kelompok pascamenopause. Rasio SLEB – dermis pada kelompok pramenopause didapatkan lebih tebal dibandingkan kelompok pascamenopause. Kesimpulan: Rasio tebal SLEB terhadap tebal dermis pada kelompok pramenopause didapatkan lebih tebal dibandingkan pada kelompok pascamenopause. USG general purpose dapat digunakan dalam menilai tebal dermis dan tebal SLEB, namun diperlukan studi lebih lanjut dalam menilai faktor – faktor lain yang mempengaruhi rasio tebal SLEB terhadap tebal dermis. ......Background: Subepidermal low echogenic band (SLEB) is an ultrasound image in the form of a hypoechoic area in the dermis layer – subepidermal, to be precise, which is an 2 elastotic process as a marker of photoaging. Objective: Assessing difference in ratio of SLEB to dermis thickness between the premenopausal and postmenopausal groups using the 18 MHz general-purpose ultrasound frequency. Method: This research is a comparative cross-sectional stuy using primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through direct measurements on the right and left cheeks using general purpose ultrasound with a frequency of 18 MHz. Secondary data was obtained from previous studies. Result: The mean age of premenopausal subjects was 29.6 years and the average age of postmenopausal subjects was 55.7 years. The mean dermis thickness and mean SLEB thickness were found to be thicker in the premenopausal group than the postmenopausal group. The SLEB – dermis ratio in the premenopausal group was found to be thicker than the postmenopausal group. Conclusion: The ratio of SLEB thickness to dermis thickness in the premenopausal group was found to be thicker than in the postmenopausal group. General purpose ultrasound can be used in assessing dermis thickness and SLEB thickness, but further studies are needed in assessing other factors that affect the ratio of SLEB thickness to dermal thickness.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Pemeriksaan volume urine kala III merupakan salah satu komponen dalam skor Suskhan guna memprediksi retensio urine pasca persalinan. Selama ini pemeriksaan dilakukan dengan kateter urine yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko infeksi saluran kemih. Ultrasonografi (USG) Dietz merupakan alternatif metode pemeriksaan volume urine. Namun, belum terdapat perbandingan antara USG Dietz dan kateter dalam pemeriksaan volume urine kala III. Metode: Penelitian analitik korelasional dengan metode potong lintang dilakukan terhadap 30 orang ibu yang menjalani persalinan normal pervaginam di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo dan Rumah Sakit Umum Kota Tangerang pada Oktober 2020 hingga Desember 2021. Pasien dengan riwayat retensi urine atau memiliki indikasi pemasangan kateter kontinu dieksklusi dari penelitian. Pemeriksaan volume urine kala III dengan USG Dietz dilakukan dengan rumus volume = tinggi (cm) x lebar (cm) x 5,6. Pemasangan kateter urine dilakukan segera setelah pemeriksaan dengan USG Dietz. Hasil: Sebanyak 30 orang subjek mengikuti penelitian ini. Didapatkan korelasi sangat kuat antara hasil pemeriksaan USG Dietz dan kateter (r = 0,788, p < 0,001). Didapatkan korelasi terbaik pada kelompok subjek dengan volume urine < 50 cc (r = 0,842, p <0,001). Didapatkan selisih antar pemeriksaan yang tidak bermakna secara statistik (p =0,133). Kesimpulan: Hasil pemeriksaan volume urine kala III dengan USG Dietz memiliki korelasi positif kuat terhadap pemeriksaan dengan kateter urine. ......Background: Examination of the third stage of labor urine volume is one of vital components in the Suskhan score to predict postpartum urinary retention. So far, the examination is done with a urinary catheter, which is associated with increased risk of urinary tract infection. Ultrasonography (USG) Dietz is an alternative method of measuring urine volume. However, there is no comparison between Dietz ultrasound andcatheter in the third stage labor urine volume examination. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational analytic study was conducted on 30 mothers who underwent normal vaginal delivery at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital and Tangerang City General Hospital from October 2020 to December 2021. Patients with a history of urinary retention or indications for continuous catheter insertion were excluded
from the study. study. Examination of the third stage of urine volume with USG Dietz was carried out with the formula volume = height (cm) x width (cm) x 5.6. Urinary catheter insertion was performed immediately after examination with Ultrasound Dietz. Results: A total of 30 subjects participated in this study. There was a very strong correlation between the results of the Dietz ultrasound examination and the catheter (r =0.788, p < 0.001). The best correlation was found in the group of subjects with urine volume < 50 cc (r = 0.842, p < 0.001). The difference between examinations was not statistically significant (p = 0.133). Conclusion: The results of the third stage labor urine volume examination with USG Dietz had a strong positive correlation with the examination with a urinary catheter.

Abstrak :
As it is quick, inexpensive, and non-invasive, ultrasound is the modality of choice for guidance of interventional procedures in the soft tissues. Furthermore, the rising mean age of the general population is being accompanied by increasing demand among patients for minimally invasive procedures to treat painful chronic and degenerative syndromes of the musculoskeletal system. This handbook is a clear, practical guide to ultrasound-guided minimally invasive treatments of musculoskeletal pain in the upper limb. Each chapter is clearly structured, with brief but comprehensive descriptions of the disease to be treated and of the materials and drugs needed. High-quality images and easy-to-follow schemes explain the best approach in each situation, and practical tips and tricks of value in daily clinical routine are provided.

Abstrak :
His 2nd edition of the Practical Guide to Emergency Ultrasound addresses your need for a practical, comprehensive, how-to book on ultrasound techniques in the emergency department, including new and expanded applications. Organized in an easy-to-navigate problem-based and symptom-based approach, chapters cover many uses for ultrasound in the ED and proper ultrasound technique. Over 900 images, many in full color, illustrate key concepts and diagnoses, including the use of echocardiography in the ED and newer applications for imaging ocular, musculoskeletal injuries and the use of ultrasound in the management of undifferentiated hypotension and dyspnea. Chapters on newer applications of ultrasound including thoracic, inferior vena cava, musculoskeletal, and ocular imaging; newer and evolving applications for procedural guidance, including nerve blocks; new and highlighted content for Pediatric applications; and chapters on prehospital use, and use in resource-limited settings. Entire section focusing on Ultrasound use in the Resuscitation of Acute Injury or Illness. Over 900 images demonstrate key diagnoses and proper ultrasound technique. Over 175 online video clips that display more realistic three-dimensional views. More than 60 additional online-only images for several chapters.