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Abstrak :
This book is the first attempt to summarize the existing scientific methods and to present new developments and results in this field. First of all, a large array of functional relationships was elaborated and described in details in a voluminous chapter. Beside the strict mathematical optimization methods, an engineering approach is outlined and demonstrated in many worked examples. The essence of this approach is a recognition that, in many practical cases, the optimum is uniquely determined by a particular constraint. The scientific methods of engineering design of wood products are discussed, compared and illustrated with numerical examples. Special attention is paid to the joint elements and, for their easy optimum selection, new similarity equations are developed and illustrated by practical examples. In the last chapter, the general principles of optimum manufacture, interactions among product structure, degree of automation and optimized production technology are discussed. The main woodworking operations are also described and reference is given for optimum selection of their operational parameters. In the Appendix, over 50 colour pictures demonstrate the unique ornamental properties of various timber materials.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Proses pengolahan kayu seperti penggergajian, penyerutan dan pengamplasan menghasilkan pencemaran udara di tempat kerja berupa debu kayu yang berupa PM2,5. Pajanan PM2,5 telah banyak dihubungkan dengan gangguan fungsi paru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di lingkungan kerja dan terjadinya gangguan fungsi paru pada pekerja UD Mebel Kayu di Desa Condongsari tahun 2015. Desain Penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Sampel pekerja dipilih dengan metode total population study. Pengambilan sampel PM2,5 dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat Air-Aide Airborne Particle Monitor Model AA-3500. Sedangkan gangguan fungsi paru diukur dengan spirometri. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara PM2,5 dengan gangguan fungsi paru (p-value = 0,05). Faktor lain yang mempengaruhi gangguan fungsi paru pada pekerja adalah umur (p-value = 0,024), masa kerja (p-value = 0,04 dan OR = 16,000) dan penggunaan APD (p-value = 0,002). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pajanan PM2,5 di lingkungan kerja UD Mebel Kayu Desa Condongsari tahun 2015 secara statistik tidak berhubungan dengan gangguan fungsi paru pekerja. Umur, masa kerja serta penggunaan APD berhubungan signifikan terhadap gangguan fungsi paru.

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ABSTRACT
Wood processing such as sawing and sanding produce wood dust containing PM2,5. Exposure to PM2,5 has been associated with an increase in lung function. This study aimed to determine the association between PM2,5 and Lung Function among wood workers in Furniture Industry in Condongsari 2015. This study used a cross sectional study design with a total population study method. PM2,5 concentration was measured by Air-Aide Airborne Particle Monitor Model AA-3500 and lung function was measured by spirometry. The statistic analysis showed that there is no assosiation between PM2,5 and lung function (p value > 0,05). Another factor that influenced lung function in workers were age (p-value = 0.024), work-years (p-value = 0.04 and OR = 16.000) and use of PPE/Personal Protective Equipment (p-value = 0.002). In conclussion, statistically PM2,5 had no association with lung function. Age, work-year and Use of PPE was significanly associated with lung function.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Studi penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan usulan rancangan perbaikan terhadap proses kerja Changeover dan kejadian Minor Stop pada mesin Power Mat 1 dan 2. Penelitian ini berfokus pada rendahnya nilai overall equipment efectiveness OEE kedua mesin yang menjadi objek penelitian pada perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang industri pengolahan kayu. Dalam penyelesaian masalah, penelitian ini menggunakan framework DMAIC Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control untuk mendapatkan solusi yang berdampak perbaikan bagi masalahan yang telah dirumuskan. Perbaikan yang dilakukan akan memberikan dampak terhadap peningkatan nilai availablility dan performance rate yang merupakan 2 dari 3 unsur perhitungan dalam OEE. Usulan rancangan perbaikan ini menyelesaikan akar permasalahan yang didapatkan melalui fishbone diagram. Dalam penyelesaian masalah Changeover, penelitian ini menggunakan metode Single Minute Exchange of Dies SMED. Sedangkan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan Minor Stop, pada penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan TPM. Hasil penelitian ini adalah peningkatan OEE mesin Power Mat 1 sebesar 20,1 ke angka 75 dan mesin Power Mat 2 sebesar 18,7 ke angka 72,7.

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ABSTRACT
This research study aims to give suggestion of improvement plan of Changeover work process and Minor Stop event. This research focuses on the low value of the overall equipment effectiveness OEE of two machines that become the object of research on a wood processing company. In solving the problem, this research uses DMAIC framework Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control to get solution that has an improvement for the problem that has been formulated. The constructed improvements will have an impact on the increasing availablility and performance rate values which both are the elements of calculation in OEE. This proposed improvement plan solves the root of the problems obtained through the fishbone diagram. In solving the Changeover problem, this research uses Single Minute Exchange of Dies SMED method. Meanwhile, to solve Minor Stop problems, this research uses TPM approach. The result of this research is improvement of OEE Power Mat machine 1 by 20,1 to 75 and Power Mat 2 machine equal to 18,7 to 72,7.