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"This volume provides a history of Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE), a basic understanding of the physiology of the eosinophil, and a current understanding of the pathophysiology and genetics of EoE. The emphasis is on clinical applications including presenting symptoms, diagnosis and treatment options for patients with EoE. Written by both pediatric and adult experts in the fields of gastroenterology, allergy and pathology. Providing practical information useful in the treatment of patients."

"This study was carried out to investigate the effect of 4NQO oral induction in oesophagus of male rat. Sixteen male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three experimental groups and one untreated group as control. The experimental groups were applied with 0.5% 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide on the dorsal mucosa of tongue thrice weekly for 8, 16 or 24 weeks, one brush stroke per application. At the end of the 36th week, all rats were sacrificed and the tongue and oesophagus were excised and fixed in 10% buffed formalin for 24 hours. The H&E sections were prepared for histological examination. The microscopial assessment showed that all rat tongues whether applied with 4NQO for 8, 16 or 24 weeks were identified having Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC). Microscopial examination of oesophagus indicated that 75% or the rats applied with 4NQO for 16 weeks showed hyperkeratosis, and 80% and 20% of the rats applied with 4NQO for 24 weeks showed malignancy changes and hyperkeratosis, respectively. No histological changes were detected either in the tongue or the oesophagus of the control rats. It was concluded that the effect of carcinogenic induction in oral mucosa caused malignant changes in oesophagus."

"Latar belakang: Kanker esofagus dilaporkan sebagai penyebab kematian keenam dari seluruh jenis kanker yang ada di seluruh dunia. Salah satu faktor risiko terjadinyakeganasan esofagus, terutama adenokarsinoma esofagus adalah gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Diagnosis dini GERD sangat penting karena esofagitis refluks kronismerupakan faktor risiko utama terjadinya Barret esofagus, yang merupakan lesi prekursor terjadinya adenokarsinoma esofagus.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ekspresi p53 dan Ki67 pada esofagitis refluks derajat ringan, esofagitis refluks derajat berat dengan kriteria Esohisto dan Barret esofagus. Bahan dan cara: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desainpenelitian potong lintang, dengan melakukan pulasan imunohistokimia p53 dan Ki67 pada 76 kasus sampel yang terbagi menjadi 30 kasus esofagitis refluks derajat ringan, 14 kasus esofagitis refluks derajat berat, dan 32 kasus Barret esofagus di Departemen Patologi Anatomik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia/Rumah Sakit Cipto mangunkusumo (FKUI/RSCM) tahun 2016-2018.Hasil: Ekspresi p53 positif pada 54 kasus sampel (71,1%), terbanyak pada Barret esofagus sebanyak 28 kasus (51,9%). Ekspresi Ki67 tinggi pada 46 kasus (60,5%), terbanyak pada esofagitis refluks derajat berat sebanyak 12 kasus (85,7%) Kesimpulan: Ekspresi p53 dan Ki67 pada esofagitis refluks derajat berrat dan Barret esofagus lebih tinggi dibanding dengan esofagitis refluks derajat ringan.......Background: Esophageal cancer is reported as the sixth leading cause of death from all types of cancer worldwide. One of the risk factors for esophageal malignancy, especially esophageal adenocarcinoma is gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Early diagnosis of GERD is very important because chronic reflux esophagitis is a major risk factor for Barrett esophagus, which is a precursor lesion to esophageal adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine p53 and Ki67 expression in mild reflux esophagitis, severe reflux esophagitis with the criteria of Esohisto and Barrett esophagus. Materials and methods: This study is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design, by performing immunohistochemical results of p53 and Ki67 in 76 sample cases which were divided into 30 cases of mild reflux esophagitis, 14 cases of severe reflux esophagitis, and 32 cases of Barret esophagus in the Department Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia / Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (FKUI / RSCM) 2016-2018. Results: P53 positive expression in 54 sample cases (71.1%), most in Barret esophagusas many as 28 cases (51.9%). Ki67 expression was high in 46 cases (60.5%), most in severe reflux esophagitis as many as 12 cases (85.7%) Conclusion: The expression of p53 and Ki67 in severe reflux esophagitis and Barrett esophagus was higher than in mild reflux esophagitis."

"This book aims to give a homogeneous approach to esophageal cancer treatment, based on the author’s lifetime experience in conjunction with exhaustive review of recent literature. In each chapter surgeons and oncologists will find appropriate tools for correct management of the diagnosis and therapy of this difficult disease. The book analyzes all the aspects of staging and treatment, such as modern diagnostic and staging techniques (MRI or PET-CT), endoscopic treatment of early cancer, new minimally invasive and open surgical techniques, and combined treatment. In addition, there are chapters dedicated to the postoperative course of these patients, as well as their quality of life, with indications for the correct follow-up and treatment of relapses."

"Assessment of surgical innovation is complex. This is especially true in esophageal surgery owing to difficulties in interpreting pathophysiology, staging malignant tumors with accuracy, and standardizing and tailoring the available surgical procedures to the individual patient. This book introduces the general and the thoracic surgeon to the latest developments in esophageal surgery; in each chapter the reader will find a concise background analysis of the topic in question and a state of the art review of diagnosis and treatment. The indications for surgery and the rationale for use of an innovative technique or technology are discussed in detail. Challenging and provocative questions and comments by selected panelists complement each chapter, enhancing the quality of information. Innovation in Esophageal Surgery will be highly informative for both the novice and the expert surgeon wishing to enter the arena of esophageal surgery.A multidisciplinary team of experts offers an evidence-based approach and critical analysis: endoscopic, surgical, and hybrid surgical techniques that will soon change the approach to esophageal disease are described in detail."