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"ABSTRAKKeberhasilan pelayanan keperawatan yang bermutu dipengaruhi oleh tingkat kepuasan kerja perawat. Kepuasan kerja perawat dapat diupayakan melalui MPKP Jiwa modifikasi pendekatan manajemen fungsi pengarahan, namun kegiatan MPKP dan fungsi pengarahan belum dijalankan secara konsisten. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh fungsi pengarahan kepala ruang dan ketua tim terhadap kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana di unit rawat inap RSUD Blambangan Banyuwangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi experiment dengan desain pre-post test with control group, dan pelatihan serta bimbingan fungsi pengarahan (operan, pre conference, post conference, iklim motivasi, supervisi dan delegasi) pada kepala ruang dan ketua tim di kelompok intervensi. Sampel penelitian diperoleh secara purposive sampling, terdiri dari 35 perawat pelaksana RSUD Blambangan Banyuwangi sebagai kelompok intervensi dan 40 perawat pelaksana di RSUD dr. Haryoto Lumajang sebagai kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur kepuasan kerja diambil dari Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana yang mendapat pengarahan dari kepala ruang dan ketua tim yang sudah memperoleh pelatihan, bimbingan dan pendampingan fungsi pengarahan meningkat lebih tinggi secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana yang mendapat pengarahan dari kepala ruang dan ketua tim yang tidak dilatih fungsi pengarahan. Fungsi pengarahan bila dilaksanakan secara konsisten oleh kepala ruang dan ketua tim, berpeluang meningkatkan kepuasan kerja sebesar 67,40%. RSUD Blambangan Banyuwangi dan RSUD dr. Haryoto Lumajang dapat mengupayakan dan meningkatkan kepuasan kerja perawat pelaksana secara berkelanjutan dengan mengimplementasikan fungsi pengarahan dari MPKP Jiwa Modifikasi umum.

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ABSTRACTHumidifier is a device for delivering oxygen to the patients. Before using it, the humidifier tube should fill with sterile water. There was a recent study that administering oxygen less than five liter per minutes, the tube was not load with the sterile water. Aim: The research aim was to describe the difference between bacterial growth in the humidifier and non humidifier at the patient who got oxygen therapy. Design: The design was the analytic survey with purposive sampling method. The samples were 24 patients. They were divided into two groups. Group one, consisted of 12 patients with humidifier and the others with non humidifier. The instrument was culture equipments diagnostic test and observation guidance. Hypothesis: The hypothesis was there was no difference bacterial growth existence in humidifier and non humidifier at the patient who got oxygen therapy. Results: The results showed that there was no significance difference of bacterial growth at time of zero hour (p=0.131). Meanwhile, there was significance different of bacterial growth at time of 12 hour (p= 0,046), and time of 24 hour(p= 0,046). There was also significance different between bacterial growth in humidifier and non humidifier at the patient who got oxygen therapy (p= 0.010). Conclusion: The conclusion is a non humidifier device could prevent bacterial and reduce nosocomial infection. Recommends: It was recommended that hospital should use non humidifier and the humidifier had to disinfect and change the water every 12 hours."

"Oksigenasi merupakan suatu proses pertukaran antara O2 dan CO2 sesuai dengan kebutuhan fisiologis tubuh untuk kelangsungan proses metabolisme sel tubuh dan aktivitas sel dan organ, dimana pemenuhan kebutuhan oksigen ini tidak terlepas dari sistem pernapasan. Kondisi kritis pada anak terjadi apabila mengalami kemunduran fungsi organ yang dapat mengganggu proses metabolisme tubuh yang dapat mengancam jiwa. Tujuan dari studi kasus ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi teori konservasi Levine dalam asuhan pemenuhan kebutuhan oksigenasi pada anak kritis di ruang intensif. Studi kasus ini menggunakan desain deskriptif pada lima kasus anak kritis. Masalah yang terjadi: gangguan ventilasi spontan, penurunan kapasitas adaptif intrakranial, penurunan curah jantung, risiko perfusi serebral tidak efektif, risiko ketidakseimbangan elektrolit, risiko perdarahan, risiko infeksi dan ansietas. Asuhan keperawatan yang diberikan menggunakan pendekatan Levine dengan intervensi sesuai dengan masalah keperawatan menggunakan Standar Intervensi Keperawatan Indonesia. Hasilanalisis dari lima kasus terpilih di ruang intensif bahwa seluruh pasien memiliki gangguan pada konservasi energi terutama pada masalah oksigenasi dan terjadi penurunan kesadaran pada konservasi integritas struktural dengan respon organismik 2 (40%) pasien mengalami perburukan/meninggal dan 3(60%) pasien mengalami perbaikan yang secara menyeluruh (wholeness) ditandai dengan auskultasi ronchi berkurang, pola napas adekuat, hemodinamik stabil, kesadaran composmentis, pasien ekstubasi dan pindah ruangan/ rawat jalan.  Kesimpulan penerapan teori konservasi pada studi kasus melalui proses perawatan mulai dari pengkajian, trophicognosis, hipotesis intervensi serta evaluasi dengan melihat respon organismik secara satu kesatuan yang utuh (wholenes) sehingga teori ini dapat diterapkan pada anak kritis di ruang intensif.......Oxygenation is an exchange process between O2 and CO2 in accordance with the body's physiological needs for the continuity of the body's cell metabolism processes and cell and organ activities, where the fulfillment of oxygen needs cannot be separated from the respiratory system. Critical conditions in children occur when there is a decline in organ function that can interfere with the body's metabolic processes which can be life-threatening. The purpose of this case study is to determine the effect of Levine's conservation theory application in the care of oxygenation needs of critically ill children in intensive care. This case study uses a descriptive design in five cases of critically ill children. Problems that occur: impaired spontaneous ventilation, decreased intracranial adaptive capacity, decreased cardiac output, risk of ineffective cerebral perfusion, risk of electrolyte imbalance, risk of bleeding, risk of infection and anxiety. The nursing care provided uses the Levine approach with interventions according to nursing problems using the Indonesian Nursing Intervention Standards. The results of the analysis of five selected cases in the intensive care unit showed that all patients had disturbances in energy conservation, especially in oxygenation problems and there was a decrease in awareness of the conservation of structural integrity with an organismic response. overall improvement (wholeness) is characterized by reduced auscultation crackles, adequate breathing pattern, stable hemodynamics, composmentis consciousness, extubated patients and moved rooms/outpatient. The conclusion is the application of conservation theory to the case study through the treatment process starting from assessment, trophicognosis, intervention hypotheses and evaluation by looking at the organismic response as a whole so that this theory can be applied to critical children in the intensive room."

"Long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) usually represents the final step in the management of severe chronic respiratory diseases. The focus of this volume is on new insights and novel perspectives of LTOT. Starting from consolidated experiences, it's aim is also to emphasize the strategic value of developing technologies and innovative organizational models uniquely to find out even more opportunities and advantages for the management of chronic respiratory patients needing long-term oxygen treatment."

"Inadequate humidification of inspired gases can cause a variety of serious problems, and humidification has accordingly become an important aspect of modern intensive care medicine. This book is designed to serve as a practical guide for clinicians, providing information on the theoretical background of humidification, the equipment, and its optimal use. The book starts by examining the physiological basis of humidification. Current devices are then discussed, with careful attention to factors influencing their performance and methods to evaluate their effectiveness. The two scenarios of mechanical and non-mechanical ventilation are considered, and the issue of ventilator-associated pneumonia is addressed in detail. Further chapters focus on such topics as humidification following tracheostomy, humidification of the artificial airway during secretion management, measurement of inspired gas temperature in the ventilated neonate, and humidification in the home care setting."