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Abstrak :
Pada penelitian ini, sintesis nanopartikel Al2O3, nanokomposit Al2O3/NiO, nanokomposit Al2O3/Fe2O3, dan nanokomposit Al2O3/NiFe2O4 telah berhasil dilakukan melalui metode green synthesis. Sintesis dilakukan menggunakan ekstrak daun jarak pagar (Jatropha curcas L.) sebagai agen penghidrolisa (sumber basa) dan penstabil (capping agent). Spektrofotometer UV-­Vis, FTIR, XRD, PSA, SEM-­EDX, dan TEM digunakan untuk mengkarakterisasi hasil sintesis material. Karakterisasi XRD menunjukkan bahwa nanokomposit Al2O3/NiFe2O4 memiliki struktur inverse spinel kubik dengan distribusi ukuran partikel sebesar 58,77 nm melalui karakterisasi PSA dan rata-­rata ukuran sebesar 11,75 nm melalui karakterisasi TEM. Aktivitas katalitik dari Al2O3 termodifikasi NiFe2O4 diamati dalam reaksi reduksi 4-­nitroanilin oleh NaBH4 dan menghasilkan persentase reduksi sebesar 93,92% selama 60 menit waktu reaksi. Perhitungan reaksi reduksi 4-­nitroanilin dengan katalis Al2O3/NiFe2O4 menunjukkan bahwa reaksi mengikuti kinetika pseudo orde dua. ......In this study, synthesis of Al2O3 nanoparticles, Al2O3/NiO nanocomposite, Al2O3/Fe2O3 nanocomposite and Al2O3/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite were succesfully conducted using green synthesis method. The synthesis was conducted using Jatropha curcas L. leaf extract as hydrolizing agent as well as capping agent. UV-­Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, XRD, PSA, SEM-­EDX and TEM were used to characterize the synthsized materials. The characterization of XRD showed that Al2O3/NiFe2O4 nanocomposite has inverse cubic spinel structure with particle size distribution of and average size of 11,75 2O3 modified NiFe2O4 was observed in the reduction of 4-­nitroaniline by NaBH4. Then, it resulted in 93,92% of reduction percentage for 60 minutes. Calculation of 4-­nitroaniline reduction using Al2O3/NiFe2O4 catalyst shows that the reaction follows pseudo second order kinetics.

Abstrak :
Dalam penelitian ini, sintesis hijau nanopartikel SiO2, nanopartikel NiFe2O4, dan nanocomposites SiO2 / NiFe2O4 dalam sistem dua fase (hexane-water) berhasil dilakukan menggunakan ekstrak daun tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L.). Alkaloid sebagai metabolit sekunder digunakan sebagai sumber basa (-OH), sedangkan saponin digunakan sebagai agen penutup. Sintesis nanopartikel SiO2 yang berhasil, nanopartikel NiFe2O4, dan nanokomposit SiO2 / NiFe2O4 dikonfirmasi melalui hasil karakterisasi. Karakterisasi XRD membuktikan bahwa nanopartikel SiO2 memiliki struktur amorf, nanopartikel NiFe2O4 memiliki struktur spinel kubik, dan nanokomposit SiO2 / NiFe2O4 memiliki nilai difraksi gabungan 2 combined yang khas. Karakterisasi TEM menunjukkan ukuran rata-rata nanokomposit SiO2 / NiFe2O4 sebesar 10 nm. Aktivitas katalitik nanokomposit SiO2 / NiFe2O4 lebih tinggi dari nanopartikel SiO2 dan nanopartikel NiFe2O4 dengan persentase reduksi masing-masing 95,68%, 29,75%, dan 79,79% selama 30 menit. Berdasarkan perhitungan kinetika reaksi reduksi 4-Nitroanilin terhadap p-phenylenediamine menunjukkan bahwa nanokomposit SiO2 / NiFe2O4 mengikuti kinetika orde satu semu. ......In this research green synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles, NiFe2O4 nanoparticles, and SiO2 / NiFe2O4 nanocomposites in a 2 phase (hexane-water) system was successfully carried out using a tahongai (Kleinhovia hospita L.) leaf extract. The secondary metabolite compound, the alkaloid, is used as a hydrolyzing agent (base source -OH), while saponin is used as a stabilizing agent (capping agent). The success of synthesis of SiO2 nanoparticles, NiFe2O4 nanoparticles, and SiO2 / NiFe2O4 nanocomposites was confirmed through the results of characterization. XRD characterization proves that SiO2 nanoparticles have an amorphous structure, NiFe2O4 nanoparticles have a cubic spinel structure, and SiO2 / NiFe2O4 nanocomposites have a diffraction value of 2θ typical of the two combined. TEM characterization shows the average size of SiO2 / NiFe2O4 nanocomposites is 10 nm. The catalytic activity test of SiO2 nanoparticles, NiFe2O4 nanoparticles, and SiO2 / NiFe2O4 nanocomposites as reduction catalysts were carried out on 4-Nitroaniline with NaBH4 as a reducing agent. The catalytic activity of SiO2 / NiFe2O4 nanocomposite was higher than SiO2 nanoparticles and NiFe2O4 nanoparticles with reduction percentage of 95.68%, 29.75% and 79.79% for 30 minutes, respectively. Based on the kinetics calculation, the rate of reduction of 4-Nitroaniline to p-phenylendiamine was found that the SiO2 / NiFe2O4 nanocomposite followed the pseudo first order reaction kinetics.

Abstrak :
Senyawa derivat kuinolin merupakan senyawa heterosiklik yang memiliki aktivitas biologis yang cukup baik seperti aktivitas antioksidan, antimikroba dan antivirus. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan alumunium klorida sebagai katalis yang dapat mempercepat laju reaksi serta hidrogen peroksida digunakan sebagai agen pengoksidasi yang dapat meningkatkan yield produk yang terbentuk. Hasil massa campuran sintesis derivat 1 menggunakan anilin diperoleh sebesar 48,2 mg dan sintesis derivat 2 dengan 4-nitroanlin sebesar 70,72 mg. Keberhasilan pembentukan senyawa derivat kuinolin dikarakterisasi dengan kromatografi lapis tipis, Uji titik leleh, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, Ultraviolet- Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and Gas Chromatograph/Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Hasil sintesis senyawa derivat kuinolin kemudian diklorinasi menggunakan asam trikloroisosianurat dengan asetonitril (CH3CN). Hasil massa campuran derivat 1 terklorinasi diperoleh sebesar 70,1 mg dan derivat 2 terklorinasi sebesar 93,6 mg. Karakterisasi produk senyawa terklorinasi menggunakan gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Pengujian aktivitas antioksidan digunakan metode DPPH yang ditandai dengan perubahan warna ungu menjadi kuning. Hasil IC50 derivat 1 sebesar 311,5779 ppm, derivat 1 terklorinasi sebesar 276,785 ppm, derivat 2 sebesar 268,1427 ppm dan derivat 2 terklorinasi sebesar 192,8858 ppm. ......Quinoline derivate compounds are heterocyclic compounds that have a good biological activity such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antivirus activity. This study use aluminum chloride as a catalyst that can accelerate the reaction rate and hydrogen peroxide as an oxidizing agent that can increase the yield of the final product. The mass of a mixture of derivate 1 synthesis using aniline was 48,2 mg and the synthesis of derivate 2 with 4- nitroanline was 70,72 mg. The successful formation of quinoline derivate compounds was characterized by thin layer chromatography, melting point, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometer, Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer and Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The results of the synthesis of quinoline derivatives are then chlorinated using trichloroisocyanuric acid with acetonitrile (CH3CN). The mass of chlorinated derivate 1 mixture was obtained at 70,1 mg and chlorinated derivate 2 was obtained at 93,6 mg. Characterization of chlorinated compound products using Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The DPPH method was used to test for antioxidant activity which was marked by a change in color from purple to yellow. The result of IC50 for derivative 1 was 311.5779 ppm, chlorinated derivate 1 was 276.785 ppm, derivate 2 was 268.1427 ppm and chlorinated derivative 2 was 192.8858 ppm.