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"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengamati dan menganalisis perbandingan aktivitas pengasuhan 2 induk lumba-lumba hidung botol Indo-Pasifik (Tursiops aduncus Ehrenberg, 1833) terhadap masing-masing anaknya yang berbeda kategori usia, yaitu newborn (5 bulan) dan juvenile (2 tahun 4 bulan). Pengamatan dilakukan selama 20 hari dengan total 6000 menit di Ocean Dream Samudra (ODS) Ancol, Jakarta. Pengambilan data menggunakan teknik focal animal sampling dengan fokus utama induk dan ad libitum sampling. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa kedua induk masih melakukan aktivitas pengasuhan, namun dengan proporsi yang berbeda. Induk 2 dan anak newborn paling banyak melakukan pengasuhan dengan parallel swimming (29,09 ± 3,03), sedangkan induk 1 paling banyak melakukan aktivitas terpisah dari anak juvenile, yaitu dengan floating (26,96 ± 2,98). Aktivitas pengasuhan yang paling banyak dilakukan induk 1 dengan anak juvenile adalah bumping (16,96 ± 1,88). Keduanya tetap mempertahankan aktivitas pengasuhan yang terjadi di habitat alami, yaitu parallel swimming, synchronized breathing, bumping, body-to-body contact, flipper-to-body touching, flipper-to-body rubbing, playing, dan nursing pada induk 2. Keduanya juga memperlihatkan aktivitas self-rubbing, floating, dan travelling ketika berpisah dari anak.

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The research in order to observe and analyze the comparison of parenting activities has been done between 2 bottlenose dolphin Indo-Pacific mothers (Tursiops aduncus Ehrenberg, 1833) and each of their infants, which are in different age category, that is newborn (5 months old) and juvenile (2 years 4 months old). Observation conducted for 20 days with total 6000 minutes in Ocean Dream Samudra (ODS) Ancol, Jakarta. Data sampling using focal animal sampling was mainly focused on mothers and ad libitum sampling. The results showed that both mothers was still doing parenting activities, however with different proportion. Mother 1 and its newborn infant were mostly doing parenting activity of parallel swimming (29,09 ± 3,03), while mother 1 was mostly doing separated activity from its juvenile infant, that is floating (26,96 ± 2,98). The most parenting activity, done by mother 1 with its juvenile infant, was bumping (16,96 ± 1,88). Both mothers still kept the natural parenting activities, such as parallel swimming, sychronize breathing, bumping, body-to-body contact, flipper-to-body touching, flipper-to-body rubbing, playing, and nursing. Both of the parents also showed self-rubbing, floating, and travelling activities when they were separated from each of their infants."

"ABSTRACTThe purpose of this study is to explore the implementation of Government's Internal Control System in Islamic perspective. This research used descriptive method with Al-Qur'an, Hadith, regulations, books and articles as the sources of this research. Although Internal Control's Comprehensive Framework and Guidance developed by COSO in 1992, but it had implemented by muslim leader since Nabi Muhammad's era until Turki Utsmani Dynasty's era. Five components of Internal Control that formed by COSO and adopted by government in PP No.60 2008 are control environment, risk assessment, control activities, information and communication, and monitoring, each components have subcomponents; and for control environment we suggest to add with the spiritual, nature and style of leadership. The basic component of internal control is control environment, because it has a role as a protector for other components. If control environment has worked properly, then it will minimize a risk, control activities would be implemented simply, information and communication will run smoothly and internal control could be monitored periodically."

"Jenis penelitian hukum yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, Metode penclitian yang digunakan adalah pendekatan perundang-undangan (starute approach), pendekatan konscp dan pendekatan analitis kualitatif. Dalam melakukan analisa dan konstruksi, penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder berupa bahan-bahan hukum primer, sckunder dan bahan non hukum. Selain itu juga dilakukan diskusi dan tanya jawab dengan pihak Perum JAMKRINDO untuk mendapatkan data primer yang digunakan mendukung data sekunder. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana gambaran umum sistem penjaminan kredit di beberapa negara termasuk Indonesia, peranan Pemerintah dalam sistem penjaminan kredit, dan aspek hukum pelaksanaan penjaminan kredit yang dilakukan oleh Perum JAMKRINDO. Sebagai hasil penelitian, disimpulkan bahwa di negara Indonesia, Jepang dan Korea sistem penjaminan kredit terus mengalami perkembangan, tujuannya untuk membantu UKM mengakses permodalan dari lembaga keuangan selaras dengan konsep negara kesejahteraan (welfare state)......This law reseanch is using nomative juridicinl research. The methods using in this rescarch is statute approach, conceptual approach, and a qualitative analysis. On analized and construction, this research used secondary data like primary law materials, secondary law materials, and non laws materials. In addition, to support to support secondary materials, researcher using primary materials which is obtaining from discussion and interview whith Perum JAMKRINDO party. The problem in this research is first, How the credit guarantee sytem look likes in a few country, second, How the government role in credit guarantee system, third, How the legal aspect at Perum JAMKRINDO business activities expecially in Credit Guarantee Activities. As the result of this research it can be concluded that in Indonesia, Japan and Korea credit guarantce system on developing process, the system mission is to belping SMEs getting modality from financial institution inheren with welfare state concept."

"Dalam disertasi ini penulis meneliti tentang tawuran antar pelajar SLTA di Jakarta yang dari tahun ke tahun terus menerus terjadi. Sudah banyak upaya penanggulangannya, namun mengapa masih banyak tawuran antar pelajar? Penulis tidak ingin meneliti ?mengapa terjadi tawuran?, karena sudah banyak penelitian tentang masalah itu. Di Jakarta Selatan, terdapat beberapa pelajar SLTA tertentu yang hampir setiap tahun terlibat dalam tawuran antar pelajar, namun ada pula suatu sekolah yang tadinya sering terlibat tawuran, dalam kurun waktu tertentu menjadi tidak tawuran lagi. Akan tetapi di sisi lain, ada sekolah yang awalnya tidak pernah tawuran, menjadi terlibat tawuran antar pelajar pada beberapa tahun terakhir. Hal tersebut ditengarai adanya permusuhan kolektif yang berbentuk laten berubah menjadi permusuhan yang sifatnya aktual, sehingga timbul tawuran antar pelajar. Salah satu sekolah yang tingkat keterlibatan siswanya dalam tawuran adalah Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan Negeri T (SMK N T) Jakarta Selatan, namun keadaan menjadi berubah pada tahun 2006, disebabkan banyaknya kegiatan sekolah yang membanggakan berakibat waktu luang berkurang dan melupakan tawuran. Sebaliknya pada Sekolah Menengah Atas Negeri C (SMA N C) Jakarta Selatan yang siswanya semula tidak tawuran, sejak tahun 2007 terlibat tawuran. Menurut Wakil Kepala Sekolah Bidang Humas disebabkan menurunnya aktifitas patroli oleh para guru, sehingga waktu luang bertambah dan timbul tawuran. Analisis dan Pengujian yang telah dilakukan pada aspek Pengalaman Tawuran, kelompok pelajar SMK Negeri T mempunyai musuh yang jumlahnya lebih kecil dibanding kelompok pelajar SMA Negeri C. Dari hasil analisis pada aspek Tindakan Sekolah, kelompok SMK Negeri T membiasakan konsisten dalam penerapan tata tertib dan sanksi, sehingga para guru mempercayai siswanya untuk menghindar dari tawuran. Sedangkan pihak Sekolah kelompok SMA Negeri C mengetahui siswanya yang melakukan tawuran, maka dalam mengatasinya diperbanyak kegiatan sekolah seperti kesenian dan olahraga. Dari penjelasan tersebut, ada hubungan antara kegiatan sekolah dan guru sebagai bentuk pengendalian sosial siswa dengan keterlibatan siswa dalam tawuran antar pelajar. ......In this dissertation the author examines the brawl between high school students in Jakarta that continually occur. There have been many efforts to overcome, but why is still a lot of fighting between students? The author does not want to investigate "why does brawl happen? because it has a lot of research on the matter. In South Jakarta, there are some specific high school students almost every year are involved in the brawl between students, but there is also a school which was often involved brawl, within a certain time becomes no longer brawl. But on the other hand, there are schools that initially was never brawl, became involved fighting between students in recent years. It is considered the collective hostility in the form of latent hostility turned into an actual character, so that the resulting brawl between students. One of the schools that the level of involvement of students in the brawl is T Vocational High School (SMK NT) South Jakarta, but the situation changed in 2006, because of too many school activities that boast result in reduced free time and forgets the brawl. On the other hand C Senior High School (SMA NC) South Jakarta that students initially did not brawl, since 2007 involved in brawl. According to Deputy Head of the School of Public Relations patrols due to decreased activity by the teachers, so that their leisure times increases and the resulting brawl. Analysis and Testing that has been done on this aspect Fighting Experience, a group of students SMK T has an enemy whose numbers are smaller than the group of high school students of State C. From the result of analysis on aspects of school actions, group SMK T familiarize consistent in the application of rules and sanctions, so that the teachers believe their students to avoid the clash. Meanwhile, the SMA Group C schools know their students who do brawl, then the reproduced overcome school activities such as arts and sports. From these explanations, there is a link between the activities of schools and teachers as a form of social control students with student involvement in the brawl between students."

"Relief Karmawibhangga terdiri dari 160 panil yang berisikan ajaran karma dari teks Mahakarmawibhangga. Relief Karmawibhangga banyak menggambarkan kehidupan masyarakat pada abad ke-9 sampai ke-10 M di Jawa. Relief ini digambarkan perilaku masayarakat baik dalam aspek sosial maupun aspek keagamaan seperti kegiatan keagamaan. Kegiatan keagamaan digambarkan pada 79 panil. Kegiatan keagamaan yang dimaksud adalah kegiatan pemberian derma, kegiatan pengajaran, kegiatan yang berkaitan dengan bangunan suci, dan kegiatan meditasi. Tokoh yang terlibat dalam kegiatan keagamaan tersebut sedikit banyak memperlihatkan adanya pengaruh dari jenis kelamin, status sosial, dan jumlah tokoh kepada penggambaran kegiatan keagamaan pada relief Karmawibhangga.......Relief Karmawibhangga consists of 160 panels containing doctrine of karma from the text of Mahakarmawibhangga. Karmawibhangga reliefs depicting the life of many people in the 9th until the 10th AD in Java. The relief described behavior in both the social aspects of society and religious aspects such as religious activities. Religious activities described in 79 panels. Religious activity in questions are the charitable giving activities, teaching activities, activities related to the sacred building, and meditation activities. People who are involved in religious activities more or less shows the influence of gender, social status, and the number of figures to the depiction of religious activity on Karmawibhangga relief."

"Industri tambang batubara merupakan sebuah industri dengan risiko keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja yang tinggi. Karenanya, penulis memandang perlunya melakukan sebuah penelitian pada sektor industri tambang yang diharapkan kemudian akan bermuara pada peningkatan upaya-upaya sistematis dalam rangka penurunan angka kecelakaan kerja dan penyakit akibat kerja, serta penurunan angka fatalitas pada aktivitas tambang batubara. Penelitian ini membahas penilaian dan evaluasi risiko K3 pada aktivitas tambang di PT. Adaro Indonesia Site Tanjung Tabalong Kalimantan Selatan Tahun 2013. Penelitian ini adalah deksriptif analitik dengan pendekatan observasional. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode identifikasi bahaya dan risiko menggunakan JHA (Job Hazard Analysis) dan analisis penilaian risiko semi kuantitatif menurut AS/NZS ISO 31000 dengan mengalikan consequences, probability dan exposure. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas tambang di PT Adaro Indonesia Site Tanjung Tabalong memiliki 182 risiko keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja. ......Coal mining industry is an industry with high risks of occupational health and safety. Hence, it is considered important to conduct a risk assessment and evaluation on occupational health and safety in a coal mining industry. The expected result of the assessment and evaluation is an improvement of significant efforts in decreasing occupational accident and illness rate, and also fatality rate in coal mining activities. Focus of this study was OHS risk assessment and evaluation on mining activity in PT. Adaro Indonesia Site Tanjung Tabalong South Kalimantan in 2013. This study was analytical descriptive using observational approach. This study used Job Hazard Analysis for hazard and risk identification, and semi-quantitative risk assessment method by multiplication of consequences, probability, and exposure score. The result of this study showed that mining activity in PT. Adaro Indonesia Site Tanjung Tabalong has 182 OHS risks."