Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Benzopyrene polycyclic aromatic adalah agen karsinogenik yang ditemukan dalam asap rokok. Benzo a pyrene Diol Epoxide BPDE adalah salah satu metabolit benzopyrene. Perokok kretek adalah orang yang merokok minimal 1 rokok kretek per hari selama minimal 1 tahun tanpa atau kurang dari 20 nya merokok dengan rokok putih. Kami meneliti kadar BPDE dalam darah perokok kretek dibandingkan dengan bukan perokok.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang yang mengikutsertakan 32 subjek sehat yang merokok kretek dan 32 subjek sehat bukan perokok. telah menandatangani lembar persetujuan diperiksakan kadar CO ekshalasi dengan menggunakan alat pengukur CO portabel kemudian diambil sampel darah untuk diukur kadar BPDE-protein adducts. Data yang diperoleh diuji dengan menggunakan statistical package for social sciences SPSS 21.Hasil : Total 64 responden yang dibagi menjadi 32 subjek perokok kretek dan 32 kontrol diperiksakan kadar BPDE-protein adducts dan kadar CO ekshalasi. Karakteristik subjek didapatkan sebanyak 59,4 usia perokok kretek di atas 45 tahun dan 56,3 mempunyai latar belakang pendidikan tinggi sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol 87,5 berusia di bawah 45 tahun dan 75 mempunyai latar belakang pendidikan tinggi. Kadar BPDE-protein adducts pada subjek perokok kretek sebesar 12,15 8,87-33,55 ng/ml dan kadar pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 11,4 3,87-13,27 ng/ml, p=0,004. Faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar BDPE-protein adducts pada perokok kretek berdasarkan analisis multivariat adalah pola hisapan p=0,002 dan derajat adiksi p = 0,047 . Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistis antara kadar BPDE-protein adducts dengan kadar CO ekshalasi pada perokok kretek p=0,003,r=0,512 .Kesimpulan : Kadar BPDE-Protein adducts pada perokok lebih tinggi dibanding bukan perokok dengan pola hisapan dan derajat adiksi menjadi faktor yang mempengaruhiKata Kunci : Benzo a pyrene, CO ekshalasi, BPDE-protein adduct

---

ABSTRACTBackground Benzopyrene polycyclic aromatic is a carcinogenic agent found in cigarettes smoke. Benzo a pyrene Diol Epoxide BPDE is one of the benzopyrene metabolite. Kretek cigarette smoker isa person who smokes at least 1 cigarette per day for at least 1 year with no or less than 20 of amount and time of white cigarettes smoking. We investigated the BPDE serum level in kretek cigarette smokers compared to non smokers Method This is a cross sectional study of which 32 ldquo healthy rdquo kretek cigarette smokers and 32 ldquo healthy rdquo non smoker were enrolled in this study. We collected blood sample and we analyzed the BPDE level and also their exhale carbon monoxide CO level during expiration. Serum BPDE level were assayed using ELISA kit. The data obtained were tested using statistical package for social sciences SPSS 21.Results A total of 32 kretek smokers subjects and 32 controls was underwent examination of BPDE protein adducts level and exhalation CO levels. Characteristics of the subjects obtained was 59.4 kretek smokers aged over 45 years and 56.3 have a high education background, while in the control group 87.5 were aged under 45 years and 75 have high educational backgrounds. The levels of BPDE protein adducts in the kretek smokers subject was 8.87 to 33.55 ng ml and the levels in the control group was 11.4 3.87 to 13.27 ng ml, p 0.004. The factors which influence the levels BDPE protein adducts in smokers cigarettes the most by multivariate analysis were sucking pattern p 0.002 and the degree of addiction p 0.047 . There was a statistically significant relationship between the level of BPDE protein adducts with exhalation CO levels in kretek smokers p 0.003 . Conclusion Serum BPDE protein adductslevel higher in smokers compared nonsmokers with suction pattern and degree of addiction are influence factors"

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) adalah hidrokarbon aromatik polisiklik sangat karsinogenik yang terdapat dalam asap rokok. Tidak hanya perokok yang perlu menjadi perhatian, namun bahaya yang ditimbulkan akibat asap rokok pada orang yang tidak merokok juga perlu diperhatikan.Metode : Penelitian ini berjenis potong lintang pada 26 perempuan dewasa bukan perokok yang terpajan asap rokok dan 15 perempuan tidak terpajan asap rokok di rumahnya di kelurahan Palmeriam Kecamatan Matraman, Jakarta. Kadar BPDE-protein adducts diukur menggunakan metode ELISA. Kadar CO ekspirasi, informasi kebiasaan merokok anggota keluarga di rumah pada subjek penelitian dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner.Hasil : Nilai BPDE-protein adducts <40 ng/ml sebanyak 16 orang (61,5%) dan nilai BPDE-protein adducts >40 ng/ml sebanyak 10 orang (38,5%), sedangkan pada kelompok perempuan tidak terpajan asap rokok di rumah, nilai BPDE-protein adducts <40 ng/ml sebanyak 11 orang (73,3%) dan nilai BPDE-protein adducts >40 ng/ml sebanyak 4 orang (26,7%), hasil analisis menunjukkan perbedaan yang tidak bermakna (p=0,443). Pengukuran kadar CO ekspirasi pada penelitian ini memperoleh nilai tengah kadar CO ekspirasi pada kelompok perempuan yang terpajan asap rokok sebesar 5,5 ppm. Pada kelompok perempuan yang tidak terpajan asap rokok, rerata kadar CO ekspirasi sebesar 6 ppm, hasil analisis tidak menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna (p=0,398). Lama pajanan, jenis rokok, banyaknya jumlah rokok yang dihisap serta banyaknya jumlah perokok aktif dirumah tidak mempengaruhi kadar BPDE-protein adducts.Kesimpulan : Nilai BPDE-protein adducts >40 ng/ml pada perempuan terpajan asap rokok lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perempuan yang tidak terpajan asap rokok di lingkungan rumah.

---

ABSTRACTBackground: Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contained in cigarette smoke. This highly carcinogenic substance is also found in Environmental Tobacco Smoke (ETS) which equally dangerous to the health of population and equally require attentions as much as cigarette smoke. This study observes level of BaP among those in risk of ETS exposure.Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed involving 26 women exposed to ETS and 15 women unexposed to ETS in Palmeriam Matraman area, Jakarta, Indonesia. The BPDE (Benzo(a)pyrene Diol Epoxide) protein levels of adducts were measured using ELISA method. In addition, exhaled carbon-monoxide (CO) level during expiration was measured and family members smoking habits at home was obtained using questionnaire.Results: The mean age of women exposed to ETS was 35.8 ± 6.5 years and women unexposed to ETS was 41.7±7.5 years. In the ETS exposed women, the BPDE level of <40 ng/mL was found in 16 people (61.5%) and the BPDE level of >40 ng/mL was found in 10 people (38.5%). In the ETS unexposed women, the BPDE level of <40 ng/mL was found in 11 people (73.3%) and the BPDE level of >40 ng/mL was found in 4 people (26.7%). None of these results were significantly different (p=0.443). The median exhaled CO level of ETS exposed women was 5.5 ppm and of ETS unexposed women was 6.0 ppm. None of these results were significantly different (p=0.398). No correlation was found between length of ETS exposure, types of cigarettes, number of cigarettes smoked and number of active smokers at home and BPDE-protein adducts level.Conclusion: The BPDE level of ETS exposed women was higher than of ETS unexposed women (>40 ng/mL and <40 ng/mL, respectively). The median exhaled CO level of ETS exposed women was lower than of ETS unexposed women (5.5 ppm and 6.0 ppm). However, none of these results were statistically significant."