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Abstrak :
Based on the results of over 10 years of research and development by the authors, this book presents a broad cross section of dynamic programming (DP) techniques applied to the optimization of dynamical systems. The main goal of the research effort was to develop a robust path planning/trajectory optimization tool that did not require an initial guess. The goal was partially met with a combination of DP and homotopy algorithms. DP algorithms are presented here with a theoretical development, and their successful application to variety of practical engineering problems is emphasized.

Abstrak :
Recursive methods offer a powerful approach for characterizing and solving complicated problems in dynamic macroeconomics. Recursive Macroeconomic Theory provides both an introduction to recursive methods and advanced material, mixing tools and sample applications. Only experience in solving practical problems fully conveys the power of the recursive approach, and the book provides many applications. This third edition offers substantial new material, with three entirely new chapters and significant revisions to others. The new content reflects recent developments in the field, further illustrating the power and pervasiveness of recursive methods. New chapters cover asset pricing empirics with possible resolutions to puzzles; analysis of credible government policy that entails state variables other than reputation; and foundations of aggregate labor supply with time averaging replacing employment lotteries. Other new material includes a multi-country analysis of taxation in a growth model, elaborations of the fiscal theory of the price level, and age externalities in a matching model. The book is suitable for both first- and second-year graduate courses in macroeconomics and monetary economics. Most chapters conclude with exercises. Many exercises and examples use Matlab programs, which are cited in a special index at the end of the book.

Abstrak :
Dalam sistem tenaga listrik terdiri dari beberapa unit pusat tenaga listrik termasuk sejumlah pusat listrik hidro-termal (PLTA, PLTP, PLTU, PLTG, PLTGU). Jadwal operasi pembangkit yang tepat menghasilkan operasi yang optimum bagi sistem tenaga listrik secara keseluruhan untuk mencapai biaya bahan bakar yang minimum. Agar dicapai operasi yang optimum, perlu dilakukan pengaturan pembebanan pada pembangkit listrik yang melayani beban tenaga listrik. Beban sistem tenaga listrik berubah-ubah menurut waktu dalam rupiah per jam juga berubah-ubah menurut waktu, biaya operasi sistem tenaga listrik merupakan tujuan yang akan diminimalkan, masalah ini dapat diselesaikan dengan menggunakan metoda Dynamic Programming. Biaya terbesar yang dipergunakan pada suatu pembangkitan listrik adalah biaya bahan bakar, sehingga dalam perencanaan operasi sistem diinginkan agar biaya bahan bakar serendah mungkin, dalam arti dicapai biaya bahan bakar yang optimum. Dengan mengkoordinasikan pembangkit hidro termal di system Jawa Tengah dan DIY menggunakan Dynamic Programming diperoleh total biaya operasi sebesar Rp 23.972.678.655. Sedangkan total biaya operasi yang dikeluarkan oleh PT.PLN adalah sebesar Rp 25.013.942.180. ...... In a power system consisting of several units including a power station hidro-thermal power station (PLTA, PLTP, PLTU, PLTG, PLTGU).Schedule the operationof appropriate plants produce optimum operation for the electric power system as a whole to achieve a minimum fuel costs. In order to achieve the optimum operation, necessary to set the load at power plants serving the electric power load. Power system load varies according to the time in rupiahs per hour also vary according to the time, the operating costs of electric power system is a goal to be minimized, this problem can be solved using Dynamic Programming method. The biggest cost is used in the generation of electricity is the cost of fuel, so that the operation of the planning system is desirable in order to fuel costs as low as possible, in the sense that achieve optimum fuel costs. By clicking coordinate hydro-thermal power system in Middle Java and DIY using Dynamic Programming the total operating expenses of Rp Rp 23.972.678.655. While total operating cost incurred by PT.PLN is Rp 25.013.942.180.

Abstrak :
[Kendaraan listrik memanfaatkan baterai sebagai sumber daya utama penggeraknya. Penting untuk mengetahui kondisi parameter ? parameter baterai seperti tegangan dan arus agar diketahui kemampuan baterai sebagai sumber daya kendaraan listrik. Metode simulasi matematis dapat dilakukan untuk mengetahui nilai parameter ? parameter baterai. Simulasi menggunakan beberapa set baterai yang dioperasikan secara serentak dan bergiliran. Hasil simulasi menunjukkan bahwa jumlah baterai yang dibutuhkan bergantung dari massa kendaraan, kecepatan, perubahan kecepatan dan perkiraan waktu operasional kendaraan. Baterai yang dioperasikan secara serentak menyisakan kapasitas sebesar 24,48% dan baterai yang dioperasikan secara bergiliran menyisakan kapastias sebesar 11,71% untuk menempuh jarak 157,5 Km. ;Electric vehicles use battery as a main resource to be a prime mover. Knowing the condition of battery parameters such as current and voltage in order to discover battery power as a main resource of electric vehicle. Mathematical simulation methode might be used to discover parameters that can actuate electric vehicle. The simulation use some sets of battery which are operated simultaneously and rotationally. The result of simulation stated that number of needed battery rely on vehicle mass, velocity, velocity shift, and estimated operational time of vehicle. Battery that is operated silmutaneously have remaining capacity 24.48 % and battery that is operated rotationally have remaining capacity 11.71% for a distance 157.5 Km. ;Electric vehicles use battery as a main resource to be a prime mover. Knowing the condition of battery parameters such as current and voltage in order to discover battery power as a main resource of electric vehicle. Mathematical simulation methode might be used to discover parameters that can actuate electric vehicle. The simulation use some sets of battery which are operated simultaneously and rotationally. The result of simulation stated that number of needed battery rely on vehicle mass, velocity, velocity shift, and estimated operational time of vehicle. Battery that is operated silmutaneously have remaining capacity 24.48 % and battery that is operated rotationally have remaining capacity 11.71% for a distance 157.5 Km. , Electric vehicles use battery as a main resource to be a prime mover. Knowing the condition of battery parameters such as current and voltage in order to discover battery power as a main resource of electric vehicle. Mathematical simulation methode might be used to discover parameters that can actuate electric vehicle. The simulation use some sets of battery which are operated simultaneously and rotationally. The result of simulation stated that number of needed battery rely on vehicle mass, velocity, velocity shift, and estimated operational time of vehicle. Battery that is operated silmutaneously have remaining capacity 24.48 % and battery that is operated rotationally have remaining capacity 11.71% for a distance 157.5 Km. ]

Abstrak :
Robust Knapsack Problem (RKP) adalah variasi dari masalah Knapsack, dimana dalam hal ini bobot dari setiap item belum diketahui secara pasti, dan hanya diketahui terletak dalam sebuah interval tentu. Pada RKP akan dicari solusi optimal yang merupakan keuntungan optimal yang akan didapatkan, dan item-item mana saja yang diletakkan ke dalam Knapsack sehingga menghasilkan solusi optimal. Terdapat dua metode alternatif yang akan dijelaskan untuk mencari solusi optimal pada RKP, yang kemudian dibandingkan efisiensi dari kedua metode tersebut dengan dilihat dari running time masing-masing metode. Sedangkan untuk mencari himpunan item-item yang menghasilkan solusi optimal pada RKP akan digunakan metode partisi rekursif, dimana ide awalnya adalah dengan mempartisi himpunan item menjadi dua subhimpunan item.

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Robust Knapsack Problem (RKP) is a variation of the Knapsack Problem, where in this case the weight of each item is not exactly known in advance, but belongs to a given interval. On RKP, it will be sought optimal solution, which is the optimal benefit to be gained, and set of items placed into the Knapsack. There are two methods that will be discussed to find optimal solution in RKP, and then the efficiency of the two alternative methods will be compared with their running time. Whereas, to search the set of items that build optimal solutions in the RKP will be used recursive partitioning method. The main idea of this method is dividing the set of items into two subsets of items.

Abstrak :
Perkembangan transportasi umum di Indonesia tentu saja memberikan dampak positif pada masyarakat Indonesia untuk memudahkan mereka bepergian dari satu tempat ke tempat lainnya. Salah satu yang paling populer adalah kereta api, dimana bisa digunakan untuk berpergian baik jarak pendek, menengah maupun jauh. Namun transportasi kerta ini belum ramah lingkungan karena masih menghasilkan polusi dan emisi dari hasil pembakaran bahan bakarnya. Dimana hampir semua kereta api jarak jauh di Indonesia masih menggunakan bahan bakar konvensional yaitu diesel. Untuk menangani masalah ini dilakukan sebuah riset untuk mengubah bahan bakar diesel tersebut menjadi lebih ramah lingkungan seperti menggunakan tenaga listrik (baterai). Untuk itu dibuatlah konsep yang disebut sebagai kerta hibrid yang memiliki sumber tenaga lebih dari 1 atau gabungan dari diesel, dan baterai. Agar sumber tersebut dapat beroperasi secara terstruktur dan efisien maka perlu digunakan strategi yang disebut EMS (Energy Management System) untuk mengontrol ketiga sumber tenaga tersebut serta digunakan strategi optimisasi agar lebih optimal. Salah satu metode control yang dapat digunakan adalah dynamic programming (DP). DP merupakan optimisasi offline yang dapat mengkalkulasi kebutuhan daya kereta di setiap kondisi untuk menemukan mana sumber tenaga yang sesuai untuk digunakan dengan memperhitungkan biaya, efisiensi sumber tenaga dan kondisi jalan. Pada akhirnya DP dapat meminimalisir penggunaan diesel engine menjadi 26.84% dari total keseluruhan distribusi daya dan penurunan konsumsi bahan bakar hingga 87.1%. ......The development of public transportation in Indonesia certainly has a positive impact on Indonesian society to make it easier for them to travel from one place to another. One of the most popular is the train, which can be used to travel both short, medium and long distances. However, this train's transportation is not yet environmentally friendly because it still produces pollution and emission from the fuel combustion. Almost all long-distance trains in Indonesia still use conventional energy like diesel. To overcome this problem, research was carried out to change train energy to be more environmentally friendly such as using electric batteries. For this reason, a concept called a hybrid train was created which has more than 1 power source to operate, like a combination of diesel, and battery. In order for these three sources to operate in a structured and efficient manner, it is necessary to use a strategy called EMS (Energy Management System) to control the three sources of energy and use an optimization strategy to make it more optimal. One of the control methods that can be used is dynamic programming (DP). DP is an offline optimization that can calculate the power requirements of a train in every condition to find which power source is suitable for use by taking into account cost of power source, power source efficiency and road conditions. In the end, DP can minimize the use of diesel engine to 26.84% of the total power distribution and reduce fuel consumption by up to 87.1%.