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"Recognizing their complex role as educators, mentors, and caregivers, Family and HIV/AIDS assembles a wealth of findings from successful prevention and intervention strategies and provides models for translating evidence into effective real-world practice. Chapters spotlight the differing roles of mothers and fathers in prevention efforts, clarify the need for family/community collaborations, and examine core issues of culture,ethnicity, gender, and diagnosis (e.g., minority families, adolescents with psychological disorders). Throughout, risk reduction and health promotion are shown as a viable public health strategy A reference with considerable utility across the health, mental health, and related disciplines,Family and HIV/AIDS will be a go-to resource for practitioners working with families, researchers studying at-risk populations, administrators seeking to create new (or evaluate existing) prevention and care programs, and policymakers involved in funding such programs."

"Latar Belakang : AIDS merupakan salah satu penyakit pandemi yang paling berbahaya dan mempengaruhi penduduk Indonesia dalam berbagai cara. Akibat peningkatan prevalensi orang yang terinfeksi AIDS, caregiver terus menerus mengalami tantangan dalam merawat dan mendukung orang-orang yang mereka kasihi. Akan tetapi penelitian mengenai prevalensi maupun faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan psikopatologi caregiver informal orang dengan AIDS masih sangat minim. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meneliti frekuensi dan distribusi psikopatologi caregiver informal orang dengan AIDS dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi timbulnya psikopatologi tersebut.Metoda : Penelitian ini bersifat potong lintang. Wawancara dilakukan pada caregiver informal yang menemani orang dengan AIDS yang datang berobat jalan di Pokdisus AIDS, Jakarta dengan menggunakan MINI ICD-10.Hasil : Seratus caregiver informal diwawancarai dengan rerata umur 46,2 tahun (SD 11,3). 87% di antaranya wanita, 68% memiliki pendidikan setingkat atau lebih tinggi dari SMA. Empat puluh lima persen caregiver informal didiagnosis Episode Depresi, 11% Gangguan Depresi Berulang, 9% Gangguan Cemas Menyeluruh, 8% Gangguan Panik, 2% Distimia dan 2% Gangguan Obsesif Kompulsif. Kami menemukan OR psikopatologi caregiver yang lebih besar pada caregiver informal yang tidak bekerja (p=0,034), status ekonominya rendah (p=0,002), menghabiskan lebih banyak jam dalam sehari merawat (p=0,02) dan merawat orang dengan nilai IADL rendah (p=0,002).Kesimpulan . Frekuensi psikopatologi yang tinggi ditemukan pada caregiver informal orang dengan AIDS. Mereka membutuhkan berbagai bantuan dan pelayanan kesehatan mental.

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BACKGROUND: AIDS is one of the most devastating diseases and Indonesian continues to be affected by this disease in many ways. In addition to the prevalence rates of the disease in the community, caregivers of people living with AIDS continue to be challenged as they strive to provide care and support to their love ones. However only few studies have examined prevalence and the factors associated with psychopathology in informal caregivers of AIDS-infected persons. The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency and distribution of psychopathology among informal caregivers of AIDS-infected individuals.

METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. Personal interviews using the Structured Clinical Interview for lCD-10 ( MINI lCD-10) were conducted with caregivers who were accompanied AIDS-infected persons attending outpatient clinics at Pokdisus AIDS, Jakarta.

RESULTS: One hundred informal caregivers were interviewed. Infonnal caregivers were 46,2 years old (SD 11,3), 87% female, and 68% had education beyond high school. Forty-five percent of informal caregivers were having Depressive Episode, 11% Recurrent Depressive Disorder, 9% Generalized Anxiety Disorder, 8% Panic Disorder, 3% Agoraphobia with Panic Disorder, 2% Dysthymia, and 2% Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. We found significantly greater odds of informal caregiver psychopathology with unemployment (p= 0,034), lower social class (p=0,002), spending more hours of' caregiving (r,= 0,02), take care of people with low IADL score (p=- 0,002)

CONCLUSIONS: High rate of psychopathology was found among AIDS-infected individuals' informal caregivers. Informal caregivers of HIV patients may be in need of both mental health services and assistance in caregiving."

"Tujuan : Mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin E dengan jumlah limfosit CD4 penderita HIV/ AIDSTempat : Klinik Kelompok Studi Khusus AIDS Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia/ RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta.Metodologi : Penelitian potong lintang pada 52 penderita HIV/ AIDS , berusia 20-40 tahun. Data yang diambil meliputi data demografi, infeksi oportunistik, asupan energi asupan lemak dengan metode food recall 1x24 jam, asupan vitamin E dengan food frequency questionnaire (F Q) semikuantitatif, kadar vitamin E plasma dan hitung limfosit CD4. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson.Hasil : Subyek terdiri dari 44 orang laki-laki dan 8 orang perempuan, median usia 26 tahun, 75% berpendidikan sedang, 63,5% berpenghasilan di bawah UMP, 59,6% tidak merokok, 80,77% golongan IDU, 82,7% AIDS, 80,8% dengan IO. Rerata IMT 19,53 kg/m2 dan 53,8% termasuk normal , rerata asupan energi 1574,1 ± 198,48 kkal, rerata asupan lemak 31,17 ± 7,26%, median asupan vitamin E 10,00 ± 1,82 mg/ hari, dan 84,6% memiliki asupan vitamin E kurang. Nilai median kadar vitamin E plasma 22,59 (11,08-70,24) µmol/L dan 90,4% subyek memiliki kadar vitamin E normal. Didapatkan korelasi positif bermakna antara asupan lemak dengan kadar vitamin E plasma(r=0.307, p-0.027*) dan antara asupan vitamin E dengan jumlah CD4 (r=0.363, p=0.008*). Tidak ada korelasi antara IMT dengan limfosit CD4 (r-0.210, p=0.135), asupan vitamin E dengan kadar vitamin E plasma (r-0.222, p=0.114), kadar vitamin E plasma dengan jumlah limfosit CD4(r= 0.028, p'.843).Kesimpulan : Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar vitamin E plasma dengan jumlah CD4 penderita HIV/ AIDS.

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Objective : To investigate the correlation between plasma vitamin E concentration and the number of CD4 lymphocytes count in HIV/ AIDS patients

Method : This was a cross-sectional study involving 52 HIVIAIDS patients, aged 20-40 years in University of Indonesia AIDS Working Group (POKDIKSUS) Clinic at Dr Ciptomangunkusumo General Hospital Jakarta. Data were collected including demographic characteristic, energy and fat intake by the 24-hour dietary recall method, vitamin E intake using FFQ semi quantitative method, vitamin E plasma concentration and CD4 lymphocytes count. Statistical analysis was carried out using Pearson's correlation test to investigate the correlation between vitamin E plasma concentration and the number of CD4 lymphocytes count in HIVIAIDS patients.

Result : The subjects were comprised 44 men and 8 women with median of age 26 years. 75% of the subjects were in middle education level; 63.5% were earned under Jakarta's minimum wages; 59.6% were non-smoker; 80.77% were IDU; 82.7% were infected by AIDS; and 80.8% with opportunistic infection. The BMI mean was 19.53kg/m2 of which 518% were normal. The mean of daily energy intake was 1574.11 ± 198.48 kcal, the mean of fat intake was 31.17 ± 7.27%, the median of vitamin E intake 10.00 (7.67- 15.38) mgld and 84.6% had a low vitamin E intake. The median value of vitamin E plasma level was 22.59 (11.08-70.24) µmol/L and 90.4% of subjects had normal vitamin E plasma concentration. There was a significant correlation of fat intake with vitamin E plasma concentration (r=0.307, p=0.427*), also of vitamin E intake with CD4 lymphocytes count (r 0.363, p-0.008*). But, there was no correlation of BMI with CD4 lymphocytes count (r0.210, p=0.135), of vitamin E intake with vitamin E plasma concentration (r=0.222, p=0.114), also the concentration of vitamin E plasma with CD4 lymphocytes count (r= 0.028, p=0.843).

Conclusion: No correlation was found between plasma vitamin E concentration and CD4 lymphocytes count in HIV/ AIDS patients.."

"Liver disease has been identified as a leading cause of death in HIV-infected patients since the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in 1996. The HIV treatment community has been caught largely unaware of this emerging dilemma. Many HIV care providers are ill-equipped to understand and interpret liver injury patterns, or to provide comprehensive care and management for viral coinfections which they are not familiar with.HIV and liver disease provides a comprehensive update of the field covering the epidemiology, pathogenesis, management and treatment of liver disease in patients with HIV infection. The volume will help HIV care providers understand and interpret liver injury patterns, and/or provide comprehensive care and management for viral coinfections. Gastroenterologists and hepatologists will gain an understanding of complex drug regimens that are used to treat HIV and which may impact HCV and HBV treatment. Written by expert clinicians and researchers across multiple disciplines, HIV and Liver Disease will be of great value to gastroenterologists, hepatologists, infectious disease practitioners, as well as other health care providers who provide care or participate in research in the field of HIV."

"Penelitian ini membahas tentang modal sosial apa saja yang dimiliki LSM Bandungwangi sekaligus melihat bagaimana peran modal sosial tersebut dalam upaya pencegahaan penularan HIV AIDS yang dilakukan di kalangan PSP. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Bandungwangi sebagai sebuah LSM memiliki modal sosial berupa jaringan sosial yang menciptakan ikatan sosial antara Bandungwangi dengan PSP lembaga donor pemerintah. LSM lain dan antar Staf dalam Bandungwangi sendiri Ikatan sosial ini nyatanya membangun nilai dan norma bersama mengenai kebiasaan sehari hari nilai bekerja sebagai PSP dan kelebihan Bandungwangi dalam menjangkau komunitas PSP. Nilai dan norma bersama ini yang kemudian membangun kepercayaan antar aktor. Bentuk modal sosial seperti ini menandakan bahwa bonding dan bridging Bandungwangi kepada aktor aktor tersebut berhasil dibangun. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa kelemahan modal sosial Bandungwangi terletak pada jaringannya dengan LSM lain yang kurang dimaksimalkan. Masing masing bentuk modal sosial yang dimiliki LSM Bandungwangi juga terbukti berperan dalam membangun komunikasi kordinasi meningkatkan reputasi hingga menciptakan tindakan kolektif upaya pencegahan penularan HIV AIDS pada tataran partisipasi kegiatan. Penelitian ini mengisi kekosongan pembahasan mengenai modal sosial LSM dalam upaya pencegahan penularan HIV AIDS di kalangan PSP yang belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus pada LSM Bandungwangi. Terdapat 12 informan dalam penelitian ini yang dipilih secara purposive.

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This study discusses about what kind of social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers. This study also looking for how social capital influence of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS. The finding shows that Bandungwangi as an NGO has social capital there are social network who created social tie among Bandungwangi sex workers funding organizations government another NGOs and Stafs in Bandungwangi who was sex workers. This social tie builds the collective values and norms about daily habits work rsquo s point of view as sex workers. Collective values and norms build the trust between the actors This kind of social capital mark that Bandungwangi's bonding and bridging to another actors perfectly build.

The finding also shows that the weakness of Bandungwangi's social capital is social network with other NGO. Each of these forms Bandungwangi's social capital also proved instrumental in building communication coordination improved reputation and creating collective action to participation activities of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS. This study fills a void a discusiion about social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers that has never been done before. This study using qualitative approach with study case strategy in Bandungwangi NGO in East Jakarta. Consist of twelfth participants they were selected by purposive sampling."