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"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas mengenai penjaminan fidusia atas objek yang berupabangunan dalam perspektif teori pemisahan horizontal. Pada tesis in akan dibahasmengenai dua hal. Pertama, pembahasan mengenai penerapan asas pemisahanhorizontal terhadap bangunan yang didirikan di atas tanah milik orang lain sebagaiobjek jaminan fidusia dalam teori dan praktik. Kedua, pembahasan mengenaipermasalahan-permasalahan yang selama ini terjadi dalam praktik pemberianfidusia atas objek berupa bangunan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodepenelitian yuridis normatif, dimana data penelitian ini sebagian besar berasal daristudi kepustakaan dan wawancara dengan beberapa narasumber. Hasil daripenelitian ini menyatakan bahwa Fidusia atas bangunan dapat terjadi karenahukum tanah di Indonesia menganut asas pemisahan horizontal yang merupakanwarisan dari hukum adat. Asas pemisahan horizontal bertujuan untuk melindungipihak yang hanya memiliki bangunan tanpa memiliki tanah. Meskipun dalamhukum tanah nasional menganut asas pemisahan horizontal, namun dalampraktiknya fidusia atas bangunan bukanlah suatu pilihan hukum bagi pemiliktanah atau bangunan yang ingin menjaminkan asetnya sebagai jaminan utangsecara terpisah. Karena pengaturan fidusia atas bangunan ini telah diatursedemikian rupa sehingga hanya bangunan yang didirikan di atas hak atas tanahtertentu (yang bukan merupakan objek Hak Tanggungan) yang bisa dijadikanobjek jaminan fidusia. Sedangkan kendala-kendala yang banyak menimbulkanpermasalahan dalam praktinya, antara lain disebabkan karena belum adanyasertipikat atas bangunan sebagai tanda bukti kepemilikan, fidusia didaftarkandengan sistem online sehingga rawan terjadinya fidusia ulang, belum terdapatsuatu peraturan yang terintegrasi antara peraturan-peraturan dalam bidang hukumjaminan, kebendaan, dan tanah mengenai fidusia atas bangunan, serta objekjaminan yang hanya mengenai bangunan, maka akan ada kendala ekseskusi.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis is concerning about building that is built on the land owned by other asfiduciary object from horizontal separation principle perspective. This thesis ismainly focusing about two problems. Firstly, the horizontal separation principlethat is applied to a building that built on the land owned by other as a fiduciaryobject in theory and practice. Secondly, issues that occurred from fiduciary of thebuilding that built on the land owned by other. This study uses a normativeresearch, whereby the research data is largely derived from the literature study andinterviews. The results of this research stipulates that fiduciary of the buildingscan be conducted according to Indonesian land law which is adopting thehorizontal separation principle, inherited from Indonesian customary law. Thehorizontal separation principle aims to protect those who only have a buildingwithout having the land. Although the national land law embraces horizontalseparation principle, in practice, fiduciary of building is not an option for theowner of the land or buildings who wanted to collateralize their assets separately.Because the fiduciary of the building regulations has been arranged in a way that,only buildings which built on certain land rights (which is not a Mortgage object)that can be classified as fiduciary object. Meanwhile the constraints that cause alot of problems in practice, is partly due to the absence of the buildings certificateas the proof of ownership. Fiduciary, which registered with the online system, isso prone to re-fiduciary, yet there is no rule that integrates all regulations in thefield of security law, material, and land law, furthermore, to the object itself whichis only a building that built on the land owned by other, there will be problems inexecution process.;This thesis is concerning about building that is built on the land owned by other asfiduciary object from horizontal separation principle perspective. This thesis ismainly focusing about two problems. Firstly, the horizontal separation principlethat is applied to a building that built on the land owned by other as a fiduciaryobject in theory and practice. Secondly, issues that occurred from fiduciary of thebuilding that built on the land owned by other. This study uses a normativeresearch, whereby the research data is largely derived from the literature study andinterviews. The results of this research stipulates that fiduciary of the buildingscan be conducted according to Indonesian land law which is adopting thehorizontal separation principle, inherited from Indonesian customary law. Thehorizontal separation principle aims to protect those who only have a buildingwithout having the land. Although the national land law embraces horizontalseparation principle, in practice, fiduciary of building is not an option for theowner of the land or buildings who wanted to collateralize their assets separately.Because the fiduciary of the building regulations has been arranged in a way that,only buildings which built on certain land rights (which is not a Mortgage object)that can be classified as fiduciary object. Meanwhile the constraints that cause alot of problems in practice, is partly due to the absence of the buildings certificateas the proof of ownership. Fiduciary, which registered with the online system, isso prone to re-fiduciary, yet there is no rule that integrates all regulations in thefield of security law, material, and land law, furthermore, to the object itself whichis only a building that built on the land owned by other, there will be problems inexecution process."

"Sifat hak milik yang terkuat dan terpenuh menjadikan tanah yang berstatus hak milik dapat menjadi induk bagi hak atas tanah yang lain, salah satunya hak sewa untuk bangunan. Hak sewa untuk bangunan di atas hak milik artinya pemilik hak atas tanah menyewakan tanahnya dalam keadaan kosong dengan tujuan seseorang yang akan menyewa tanah tersebut dapat mendirikan bangunan di atasnya, bangunan yang didirikan itu adalah milik si penyewa. Permasalahan yang muncul di dalam Putusan Nomor 107/PDT /2021/PT BDG adalah ketika sebuah perjanjian dibuat dalam bentuk lisan sehingga tidak ada kepastian dan keadilan hukum bagi para pihak. Hubungan hukum dalam perjanjian sewa untuk bangunan merupakan hubungan hukum yang rumit. Adanya asas pemisahan horizontal dimana masing-masing objek yang dimiliki para pihak saling tumpang tindih, membutuhkan kepastian hukum bagi para pihak. Penelitian ini menganalisis kekuatan hukum perjanjian sewa tanah untuk bangunan di atas tanah hak milik yang dilakukan secara lisan dan tanpa batas waktu dan kedudukan hak sewa untuk bangunan di atas tanah hak milik yang didasarkan pada asas pemisahan horizontal dalam Putusan Nomor 107/PDT /2021/PT BDG. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode doktrinal dengan tipe penelitian deksriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan hukum perjanjian sewa tanah untuk bangunan di atas tanah hak milik yang dilakukan secara lisan dan tanpa batas waktu antara Tn. MLB (pemilik bangunan rumah) dan Tn. YS (pemilik tanah) tidak memiliki kekuatan hukum yang mengikat dikarenakan Tn. MLB tidak bisa membuktikan kepemilikannya atas bangunan rumah di atas tanah milik Tn. YS secara de jure. Oleh karena status kepemilikan bangunan rumah tidak bisa dibuktikan secara de jure maka kedudukan hak sewa untuk bangunan di atas tanah hak milik yang didasarkan pada asas pemisahan horizontal dalam Putusan Nomor 107/PDT /2021/PT BDG, adalah hak sewa untuk bangunan berada di bawah hak milik.......The strongest and fullest nature of property rights can make land with ownership status a parent to other land rights, one of which is the leasehold right for a building. Leasehold for a building on owned land means the owner of the land leases it in its vacant state with the purpose that the tenant can erect a building on it, and the building erected becomes the property of the tenant. The issue that arises in Decision Number 107/PDT/2021/PT BDG is when an agreement is made verbally, resulting in uncertainty and legal fairness for the parties involved. The legal relationship in a lease agreement for a building is a complex legal relationship. The presence of the horizontal separation principle where each object owned by the parties overlaps requires legal certainty for the parties involved. This research analyzes the legal strength of a verbal and indefinite lease agreement for building land on owned land and the position of the leasehold right for a building on owned land based on the horizontal separation principle in Decision Number 107/PDT/2021/PT BDG. This study uses a doctrinal method with a descriptive research type. The results of this study indicate that the legal strength of a verbal and indefinite lease agreement for building land on owned land between Mr. MLB (owner of the house) and Mr. YS (landowner) is not legally binding because Mr. MLB cannot prove ownership of the house on Mr. YS's land de jure. Since the ownership status of the house cannot be proven de jure, the position of the leasehold right for a building on owned land based on the horizontal separation principle in Decision Number 107/PDT/2021/PT BDG is that the leasehold right for the building is subordinate to the ownership right."