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Abstrak :

Osteoartritis adalah penyakit yang ditandai dengan degradasi tulang rawan artikular, pembentukan osteofit, remodeling tulang subkondral, dan peningkatan produksi sitokin proinflamasi. Secara in vitro kombinasi ekstrak lampeni (Ardisia humilis) dan temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza) memiliki efek antiinflamasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efek antiinflamasi kombinasi ekstrak pada tikus osteoartritis yang diinduksi natrium iodoasetat. Tikus putih jantan Wistar yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok (n=4): kontrol normal dan negatif, keduanya diberi karboksimetil selulosa 0,5%; kontrol positif 1 diberi suspensi natrium diklofenak; kontrol positif 2 diberi suspensi glukosamin-kondroitin (34,2 mg/200gBB); kelompok ekstrak variasi 3 dosis yang diberi 48, 96, dan 192 mg/200gBB masing-masing pada hari 29 sampai 49. Semua kelompok diinduksi secara intraartikular dengan 0,05 mL sodium iodoacetate (1 mg/mL) pada hari ke-1, kecuali kontrol normal yang diinduksi dengan saline. Pengukuran volume edema lutut tikus dilakukan pada hari ke 0, 28 dan 49. Serum dikumpulkan pada hari ke 50 untuk mengevaluasi IL-1β, TNF-a dan MMP-9 dengan ELISA. Kombinasi ekstrak dosis 1, 2 dan 3 dapat menurunkan volume edema, kadar IL-1β, TNF-a dan MMP-9 secara signifikan dengan kontrol negatif. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kombinasi ekstrak lampeni dan temulawak dapat memulihkan inflamasi (dose-dependent) dengan menghambat IL-1β, TNF-a dan MMP-9 pada proses inflamasi.  ......In in vitro studies, extract combination lampeni (Ardisia humilis) and temulawak (Curcuma zanthorrhiza) had an anti-inflammatory effect. This study aims to analyze the anti-inflammatory effect of the combination lampeni and temulawak extract in sodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis rats. White male Wistar rats used in this study were divided into 7 groups (n=4): normal control and negative control groups, both given 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose; positive 1 control group given sodium diclofenac suspension; positive 2 control group was given glucosamine-chondroitin suspension (34,2 mg/200gB.W.); the 3 dose variation extract groups were given 48, 96, and 192 mg/200gB.W. respectively on day 29 until 49. Measurement of edema volume of rat knees was performed on day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 49. Serum was collected at day 50 to evaluate IL-1β, TNF-𝛼 and MMP-9 by ELISA. The extract combination lampeni and temulawak all dose could decrease the edema volume. Particularly, dose 3 (192 mg/200gB.W.) of extract combination lampeni and temulawak were able to significantly decrease IL-1β, TNF-a and MMP-9 levels from the negative control groups. In conclusion, extract combination lampeni and temulawak can recover inflammation (dose-dependent) by inhibiting IL-1β, TNF-a and MMP-9 in inflammation.

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Obesitas merupakan faktor resiko terjadinya osteoartritis (OA). Penelitian terdahulu bahwa faktor mekanik belum cukup untuk menjelaskan hubungan OA dengan obesitas. Faktor resiko ini dapat menurunkan fungsi dan aktifitas fisik pasien OA. Lemak viseral tempat ditemukan White Adipose Tissue (WAT), dapat mengeluarkan hormon leptin, dan leptin dapat mensekresi sitokin proinflamasi yang berdampak pada degradasi kartilago sendi, yang diduga berhubungan dengan kejadian OA Tujuan: Mendapatkan gambaran leptin serum dan kadar IL-1β cairan sendi pasien OA lutut wanita dengan obesitas sentral. Metode: Studi potong lintang pada pasien OA lutut wanita yang berobat di poliklinik Rheumatologi RSCM dalam kurun waktu Maret–Juli 2017. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara berturutan. Diagnosis OA lutut berdasarkan kriteria ACR 1986. Dilakukan pemeriksaan lemak viseral dengan menggunakan alat BIA Karada Scan .HBF 375. Pemeriksaan leptin serum dan IL-1ß cairan sendi dengan metode ELISA. Hasil: Didapatkan 22 subjek wanita yang memenuhi kriteria penelitian. Nilai median lemak viseral 12,5 (5 – 27,5 ) %, nilai median leptin serum 19735,5 (2998–81782) pg/ml, dan nilai median IL-1ß 1,23 (0,76 – 6,11). Simpulan: Didapatkan kadar rerata leptin serum 19735,5 (2998-81782) pg/ml dan rerata kadar IL-1β cairan sendi 1,23 ( 0,76 – 6,11). ......Background: Obesity is a well recognized risk faktor for osteoarthritis. However, the relationship between obesity and OA may not simply due to mechanical factor, may be a risk factor for declining function and physical activity. Viseral fat is that founded white adipocite tissue is product quantities of leptin. It's to secrete higher levels of proinflammatory cytokine and implicated in cartilage degradation. The aim: of this study was to examine Profile of serum leptin and IL-1β synovial fluid in central obecity with knee osteoarthritis woman patients Methods: This study was cross sectional study in OA patients visiting Rheumatology outpatients clinic in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital during March – July 2017. Sample were collcted using consecutive sampling methood. Knee OA diagnosed according to the 1986 American College of Rheumatology criteria. Viseral fat were measred by BIA Karada Scan HBF 375. Blood serum and synovial fluid was collected from 22 knee OA patients, serum leptin and synovial fluid were measured by ELISA, Results : Of twenty two subjects met the inclution criteria, median of viseral fat was 12,5 (5 – 27,5) % and median of serum leptin was 19735,5 ( 2998 – 81782) pg/ml and median of IL-1 β was 1,23 ( 0,76 - 6,11) pg/ml. Conclusion: :Serum leptin was 19735,5 (2998 – 81782) pg/ml and median of IL-1 β was 1,23 ( 0,76 - 6,11) pg/ml.

Abstrak :
Aspek metabolik komplikasi DM tipe 2, khususnya penyakit kardiovaskular, telah banyak dibahas, namun aspek imunometabolik masih terbatas, sehingga sangat penting untuk memahami peran sistem imun dalam perkembangan komplikasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memahami peran subset monosit (CD14,CD16) dan mediator inflamasinya (IL-1β, IL-10) terhadap risiko penyakit kardiovaskular pada Pasien DM tipe 2. Subset monosit CD14, CD16 diperiksa menggunakan sampel kultur PBMC dan dianalisis menggunakan flow cytometry. Metode Multiplex Immunoassays digunakan untuk mengukur IL-1β, dan IL-10. Hasil penelitian ini, menunjukkan terdapat pola peningkatan subset monosit CD14+, CD16+ pada DM tipe 2, namun tidak berbeda secara signifikan. Peningkatan monosit CD14+,CD16+ lebih dari 6.8% berhubungan dengan peningkatan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Rasio mediator inflamasi IL-1β, sebelum dan sesudah stimulasi LPS secara signifikan lebih tinggi pada DM tipe 2 dibandingkan kontrol. Pada kondisi inflamasi, peningkatan IL-10 berespon terhadap stimulasi LPS, namun tidak mampu mengkompensasi peningkatan IL-1β, sehingga kecenderungan menjadi lebih hiperinflamasi pada DM tipe 2. Glukosa puasa merupakan penanda metabolik yang berhubungan dengan peningkatan monosit CD14+,CD16+. ......The metabolic aspects of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) complications, particularly cardiovascular disease, have been widely discussed, but the immunometabolic aspects are still limited, so it is critical to understand the role of the immune system in the development of complications. The objective of this study is to understand about the role of the monocyte subset (CD14,CD16) and its inflammatory mediators (IL-1β, IL-10) in the risk of CVD in T2D. CD14, CD16 monocyte subset was examined using PBMC culture samples and analyzed using flow cytometry. The Multiplex Immunoassays method was used to measure IL-1β and IL-10. This study shows there is an increase in the CD14+, CD16+ monocyte subset in type 2 diabetes, but it is not significantly related. An increase in CD14+,CD16+ monocytes of more than 6.8% is associated with an increased risk of CVD. The ratio of the inflammatory mediator IL-1β to basal conditions and LPS stimulation was significantly higher in T2D than in controls. In inflammatory conditions, the increase in IL-10 responds to LPS stimulation, but it is unable to compensate for the increase in IL-1β in T2D, so the tendency becomes more hyperinflammatory in type 2 DM. Fasting glucose is a metabolic marker associated with an increase in CD14+,CD16+ monocytes

Abstrak :
Sargassum polycystum diketahui secara in vitro memiliki aktivitas sitotoksik terhadap sel HCT-116 pada kolon yang diuji pada beberapa pelarut dan dengan nilai IC50 yang berbeda. Namun, penelitian secara in vivo Sargassum polycystum pada kanker kolon belum banyak dilakukan dan mekanisme sepenuhnya dalam penghambatan kanker belum diketahui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek alga coklat (Sargassum polycystum) secara in vivo pada hewan model kolitis terkait kanker kolon yang diinduksi dengan Dekstran Sodium Sulfat (DSS). Penelitian ini menggunakan mencit jantan galur Balb/c (n = 30 ekor) yang secara acak dibagi dalam 5 kelompok: kelompok normal, kelompok negatif, kelompok dosis 1 (18 mg/kgBB), kelompok dosis 2 (90 mg/kgBB), dan kelompok dosis 3 (450 mg/kgBB). Induksi kolitis terkait kanker kolon menggunakan senyawa kimia Dekstran Sodium Sulfat (DSS) dengan konsentrasi 2% dan 1% selama total 24 hari. Pengukuran berat badan, analisis kelangsungan hidup, dan penilaian Disease Activity Index (DAI) dilakukan selama penelitian berlangsung. Pengaruh Sargassum polycystum sebagai antikanker diamati dengan memeriksa variabel inflamasi IL-1β dan pemeriksaan histologi jaringan kolon dengan periodic acid-schiff (PAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hewan uji yang diberikan Sargassum polycystum pada dosis 18 mg/kgBB memiliki kelangsungan hidup lebih tinggi dan dapat menurunkan ekspresi variabel inflamasi IL-1β. ......Sargassum polycystum is known in vitro to have cytotoxic activity against HCT-116 cells in the colon, which were tested in several solvents with different IC50 values. However, in vivo studies of Sargassum polycystum on colon cancer have not been widely carried out, and the full mechanism of cancer inhibition is not yet known. This study aims to determine the effect of brown algae (Sargassum polycystum) in vivo on an animal model of colitis related to colon cancer induced by Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS). This study used male mice of the Balb/c strain (n = 30), which were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal group, negative group, dose 1 group (18 mg/kgBW), dose 2 group (90 mg/kgBW), and dose group 3 (450 mg/kgBW). Induction of colitis-associated colon cancer using the chemical compound Dextran Sodium Sulfate (DSS) with a concentration of 2% and 1% for a total of 24 days. Body weight measurements, survival analysis, and Disease Activity Index (DAI) assessments were carried out during the study. The effect of Sargassum polycystum as an anticancer agent was observed by examining the inflammatory variable IL-1β and histological examination of colonic tissue with periodic acid-schiff (PAS). The results showed that the test animals that were given Sargassum polycystum at a dose of 18 mg/kgBW had higher survival and could reduce the expression of the inflammatory variable IL-1β.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang : Penyakit periodontal disebabkan oleh akumulasi plak mengandung kumpulan mikroorganisme patogen yang memicu respons imun host, menyebabkan pelepasan mediator inflamasi. Peradangan jaringan periodontal yang bersifat kronis menyebabkan inflamasi sistemik derajat rendah dan peningkatan kadar sitokin, seperti Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β). Respons imun yang konstan terhadap antigen terus menerus terjadi pada penderita long Covid. Terdapat persamaan respons inflamasi menunjukkan potensi hubungan antara periodontitis dengan infeksi COVID-19. Evaluasi parameter klinis periodontal subjek dengan dengan dan tanpa riwayat COVID-19 memberikan pemahaman dampak COVID-19 terhadap kesehatan periodontal Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan penyakit periodontal dan riwayat COVID-19 dengan parameter klinis periodontal dan kadar sitokin IL-1β. Metode : Subjek penelitian berjumlah 36 orang terbagi menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu sehat periodontal, gingivitis dan periodontitis dengan parameter klinis periodontal yang diperiksa yaitu kehilangan perlekatan klinis / CAL, indeks plak / PI, perdarahan papila interdental / PBI dan gingival index (GI). Peneliti menganalisis hasil perbandingan nilai CAL, PI, PBI, dan GI pada subjek penyakit periodontal dengan riwayat COVID-19 dan kadar interleukin dengan ELISA. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan subjek sehat, dan subjek penyakit periodontal dengan parameter klinis periodontal CAL, PI, PBI, GI yang signifikan (p<0.05). Kecenderungan peningkatan parameter klinis periodontal CAL, PI, PBI, GI sesuai keparahan penyakit periodontal. Subjek riwayat COVID-19 memiliki kadar sitokin IL-1β lebih tinggi dibandingkan tanpa riwayat (p<0.05). Terdapat hubungan parameter klinis Gingival Index (GI) pada subjek Gingivitis dan PBI dengan kadar sitokin IL-1β pada subjek riwayat COVID-19. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan penyakit periodontal dan riwayat COVID- 19 dengan parameter klinis periodontal dan kadar sitokin IL-1β. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa penyakit periodontal merupakan faktor resiko keparahan dari infeksi COVID dan sebaliknya. ......Background: Periodontal disease, including gingivitis and periodontitis, is caused by the accumulation of plaque containing a group of pathogenic microorganisms that trigger the host's immune response, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators. Chronic inflammation of the periodontal tissues causes low-grade systemic inflammation and an increase in cytokine levels, such as Interleukin 1 Beta (IL-1β). Constant immune responses to continuous antigen exposure occur in individuals with long Covid. The similarity in inflammatory responses indicates a potential connection between periodontitis and COVID-19 infection. Evaluating the clinical parameter periodontal of subjects with and without a history of COVID-19 provides insights into the impact of COVID-19 on periodontal health Objective: To analyze the relationship between periodontal disease and a history of COVID-19 with clinical parameter periodontal and IL-1β cytokine levels. Methods: The study included 36 participants divided into three groups: a healthy periodontal group, a gingivitis group, and a periodontitis group. The clinical parameter periodontal was assessed using clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), papillary bleeding index (PBI), and gingival index (GI). The researcher analyzed the mean values of CAL, PI, PBI, and GI in patients with periodontal disease, considering their history of COVID-19 and interleukin levels using ELISA. Result: Significant differences were found between subjects with healthy clinical parameter periodontal and those with periodontal disease, as indicated by the values of CAL, PI, PBI, and GI (p <0.05). There was a trend of increasing CAL, PI, PBI, and GI values in line with the severity of periodontal disease. Subjects with a history of COVID-19 showed higher levels of IL-1β cytokine compared to those without a history (p <0.05). There was a relationship between clinical parameter periodontal (Gingival Index - GI) in subjects with gingivitis and PBI with the IL-1β cytokine levels in subjects with a history of COVID-19. Conclusion: There is relationship between periodontal disease and a history of COVID-19 with clinical parameter periodontal and IL-1β cytokine levels. This study suggests that periodontal disease is a risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 infection.