Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

Abstrak :
[Latar belakang. Penelitian sebelumnya menjumpai kasus campak sebelum usia imunisasi yang semestinya masih terlindungi karena memiliki maternal antibodi campak yang diperoleh selama dalam kandungan. Besarnya titer yang diterima bayi dipengaruhi faktor ibu dan janin yang nantinya memengaruhi lamanya perlindungan. Tujuan. Mengetahui kadar maternal antibodi campak bayi baru lahir dan menganalisis faktor yang memengaruhinya. Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan sejak Maret – April 2015 pada bayi baru lahir di RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Bayi yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dipilih secara consecutive nonprobabality sampling. Dilakukan wawancara terhadap orangtua, pemeriksaan New Ballard Score, dan pengambilan darah tali pusat bayi baru lahir. Uji t digunakan untuk mengetahui rerata titer berdasarkan jenis kelamin, berat badan lahir, usia gestasi, usia ibu, paritas, dan penyakit ibu. Analisis regresi logistik dipakai untuk mencari faktor yang memengaruhi kadar titer antibodi campak. Hasil. Dari 68 bayi dijumpai 64 diantaranya memiliki maternal antibodi campak positif. Rerata titer total adalah (2277,7 ± 1830,7) IU/l, bayi kurang bulan (2061,94 ± 1554,44) IU/l dan (3006,83 ± 1613,79) IU/l untuk bayi cukup bulan. Bayi laki-laki, lahir kurang bulan, berat badan lahir tidak sesuai masa kehamilan, dan ibu dengan penyakit penyerta mempunyai titer lebih rendah namun tidak bermakna secara statistik. Simpulan. Mayoritas bayi memiliki maternal antibodi campak positif dengan rerata titer keseluruhan adalah (2277,7 ± 1830,7) IU/l. Tidak dijumpai variabel yang bermakna memengaruhi titer maternal antibodi campak pada bayi baru lahir.;Background. Prior field studies showed cases of measles before the age of immunization when newborn should still be protected by their maternal measles antibody acquired during pregnancy. The amount of titre received by newborn is influenced by maternal and fetal factors which will affect the length of protection. Objective. To know the level of maternal measles antibody in newborn and to analyze the influencing factors. Method. A cross sectional study was conducted from March to April 2015 at RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Newborns who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected through consecutive nonprobability sampling. The parents were interviewed, the New Ballard Score were examined, and the umbilical cord blood was retrieved. T-test was performed to determine the mean titre by sex, birth weight for gestational age, gestational age, maternal age, parity, and mother with comorbidity. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the factors influenced measles antibody titer. Results. Sixty four of 68 newborns were found to have positive maternal measles antibodies. The mean total titre was 2277.7 ± 1830.7 IU/l, 2061.94 ± 1554.44 IU/l for preterm and 3006.83 ± 1613.79 IU/l for term babies. Baby boys, preterm, birth weight inappropriate for gestational age, babies whose mother had comorbidity had lower titre, however these findings were not statistically significant. Conclusion. The majority of newborns had positive maternal measles antibodies with the mean total titre of 2277,7 ± 1830,7 IU/l. There were no significant variables that influenced maternal measles antibody titre in newborns., Background. Prior field studies showed cases of measles before the age of immunization when newborn should still be protected by their maternal measles antibody acquired during pregnancy. The amount of titre received by newborn is influenced by maternal and fetal factors which will affect the length of protection. Objective. To know the level of maternal measles antibody in newborn and to analyze the influencing factors. Method. A cross sectional study was conducted from March to April 2015 at RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Newborns who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected through consecutive nonprobability sampling. The parents were interviewed, the New Ballard Score were examined, and the umbilical cord blood was retrieved. T-test was performed to determine the mean titre by sex, birth weight for gestational age, gestational age, maternal age, parity, and mother with comorbidity. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the factors influenced measles antibody titer. Results. Sixty four of 68 newborns were found to have positive maternal measles antibodies. The mean total titre was 2277.7 ± 1830.7 IU/l, 2061.94 ± 1554.44 IU/l for preterm and 3006.83 ± 1613.79 IU/l for term babies. Baby boys, preterm, birth weight inappropriate for gestational age, babies whose mother had comorbidity had lower titre, however these findings were not statistically significant. Conclusion. The majority of newborns had positive maternal measles antibodies with the mean total titre of 2277,7 ± 1830,7 IU/l. There were no significant variables that influenced maternal measles antibody titre in newborns.]

Abstrak :
Latar Belakang: Kanker pankreas adalah penyebab kematian keempat yang berhubungan dengan keganasan di Amerika Serikat, dan diperkirakan akan menjadi penyebab kematian kedua di tahun 2030 di United Kingdom. Indonesia belum memiliki data kesintasan kanker pankreas dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya.Tujuan: Mengetahui kesintasan 1 tahun kanker pankreas dan faktor- faktor yang memengaruhinya di RS dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta.Metode: Dilakukan penelitian kohort retrospektif menggunakan data dari rekam medis pasien kanker pankreas RS dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo antara Januari 2012 - Desember 2016. Faktor umur, jenis kelamin, metastasis, stadium, komorbid dan pengobatan dianalisis secara bivariat dan multivariat menggunakan Cox Proportional Hazards Regression untuk mendapatkan Hazard Ratio HR setiap faktor prognosis. Kesintasan kumulatif 1 tahun setelah diagnosis dinyatakan dengan kurva Kaplan- Meier.Hasil: Dari 83 subyek penelitian proporsi laki-laki adalah 62.7, usia ge; 50 tahun 68,7, dengan rentang usia 33-79 tahun, dan rata-rata 55 tahun. Pada analisis bivariat didapati hubungan bermakna secara statistik kesintasan dengan variabel komorbid HR 2,116 IK 95 1,335-3,513 p< 0,002, metastasis HR 3,802 IK 95 1,995-7,249 p ......Background Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of death associated with malignancy in the United States, and is thought to be the second leading cause of death in 2030 in the United Kingdom. Currently, Indonesia has no data on the survival of pancreatic cancer and the factors that affect it. Aim This study aims to know the 1 year survival of pancreatic cancer and its influencing factors. Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed using data from the medical record of pancreatic cancer patients in dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, from January 2012 to December 2016. Age, sex, metastasis, stage, comorbidities, and treatment were analyzed bivariate and multivariate using Cox Proportional Hazards Regression to obtain Hazard Ratio HR for each prognostic factor. The 1 year cumulative survival rate after diagnosis is expressed by the Kaplan Meier Curve.Results Of 83 subjects, the proportion of male was 62,7, age ge 50 years 68,7, with age range 33 79 years, and 55 years on average. In bivariate analysis, there was a statistically significant relationship of survival with comorbidities HR 2.116 95 CI 1.335 3.513 p 0.002, metastasis HR 3.802 95 CI 1.995 7.249 p 0.001, palliative treatment HR 2.108 95 CI 1.077 4.125 p 0.029 and group without treatment HR 2.924 95 CI 1.496 5.716 p 0.002. Multivariate analysis showed that metastasis provided the greatest risk of death with HR 4.306 95 CI 2.125 8.724 p 0.001. Palliative group HR was 2.510 95 CI 1.245 5.061 p 0.010 while the group without treatment gave HR 2.535 95 CI 1.277 5.032 p 0.008. Conclusion The overall survival of 1 year of pancreatic cancer patients was 14, with median survival of 6 months. The presence of metastasis and the decision not to do curative therapy Whipple surgery in patients with pancreatic cancer in dr Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital are the primary factors that negatively affect the 1 year survival rate.

Abstrak :
Latar belakang: Salah satu masalah perempuan dengan epilepsi (PDE) saat ini adalah infertilitas. Prevalensinya sendiri mencapai sepertiga dari PDE. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengentahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang memengaruhi kejadian infertilitas, khususnya pada populasi PDE di RS Cipto Manungkusumo (RSCM). Metode Penelitian: Studi potong lintang pada pasien PDE rawat jalan di poli epilepsi, dilakukan telusur rekam mendis dan pengisian kuesioner. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji Chi Square dan Mann Whitney, dilanjutkan dengan analisis multivariat regresi logistik. Hasil: Prevalensi PDE yang mengalami infertilitas di RSCM ada 51,1% dengan usia rata-rata 35,57 ± 5,53 tahun. Disfungsi seksual (p=0,020), gangguan orgasme (p=0,042) dan gangguan nyeri seksual (p=0,005) berhubungan dengan kejadian infertilitas pada PDE. Pada analisis multivariat regresi logistik, tidak didapatkan adanya faktor independen yang memengaruhi kejadian infertilitas pada PDE. Kesimpulan: Prevalensi infertilitas pada PDE di RSCM cukup besar yakni 51,1%. Faktor yang memengaruhinya adalah disfungsi seksual, gangguan orgasme dan nyeri seksual. Oleh karena itu, penting bagi klinis untuk mendeteksi dini faktor-faktor tersebut pada PDE untuk mencegah dampak lebih lanjut yang dapat ditimbulkan. ......Background: Infertility is one of the issues facing women with epilepsy (WWE) today. Its prevalence alone reaches one-third of WWE. The purpose of this study is ti determine what variables affect the prevalence of infertility, particularly in the group of WWE at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) Method: Outpatient WWE at epilepsy clinic were the subject of this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was completed and medical records were searched. Chi square and Mann Whitney tests were employed in bivariate analysis before multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: In our study, the prevalence of WWE with infertility is 51,1%, and their average age is 35,57 ± 5,53 years old. Sexual dysfunction, orgasmic disorders and sexual pain disorders are associated with infertility in WWE. There were no independent factors affecting the infertility in WWE in multivariate logistic regression study. Conclusion: 51,1% of WWE at RSCM are infertile, which is a significant prevalence. Sexual dysfunction, orgasmic disorders, and sexual pain are all factors that might affect it. In order to limit any negative effects such as infertility, it is crucial for clinicians to detect these factors early in WWE.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif yang ditujukan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efektifitas kampanye keselamatan cidera tangan akibat kerja di TOTAL E&P INDONESIE periode tahun 2008. Faktor-faktor yang diteliti mencakup media, sifat pesan, jangkauan target, dan keterlibatan target dalam perencanaan & seleksi bahan kampanye keselamatan cidera tangan akibat kerja. Hasilnya memberikan gambaran bahwa efektifnya kampanye keselamatan cidera tangan akibat kerja pada periode tahun 2008 yang dilakukan di aktifitas pekerjaan drilling dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan media video dan drama, pesan yang bersifat emosional, serta adanya keterlibatan target dalam perencanaan & seleksi bahan. Selain itu, untuk mencapai kampanye keselamatan cidera tangan akibat kerja yang efektif, tidak hanya cukup dengan seluruh target terjangkau oleh kampanye, melainkan harus memperhatikan unsurunsur lain kampanye (sumber, pesan, media, kondisi saringan pada target, keterlibatan target dalam perencanaan & seleksi bahan, dan keterlibatan pihak manajemen).

---

This is a qualitative research with descriptive design that was aimed to know about influencing factors for effectiveness of occupational hand injury safety campaign in TOTAL E&P INDONESIE in the year period 2008. The factors were examined in this study consist of the media, the message characteristic, the reach of target, and the target involvement in the material planning & selection of occupational hand injury safety campaign. The result give a description that its effective of occupational hand injury safety campaign was carried out in drilling work activity that was influenced by video and drama usage, emotional message, and the target involved in the material planning & selection. In addition, to be effective occupational hand injury safety campaign, is not only enough with all of targets reached by campaign, but also must consider other elements of the campaign (source, message, media, filter condition on the target, target involvement in the material planning & selection, and management involvement).

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Malaria is a main public health problem in 109 countries and approximately 14 million people live in malaria endemic provinces in Afghanistan. This study is aimed to identify the independent predictors influencing the use of bed nets and determine the bed net coverage through a cross-sectional study with sample size of 171 households in Badakhshan province of Afghanistan. The result indicated that source of health education, number of rooms, locality of households and reading ability are the significant predictors associated with use of bed net and the coverage of bed net was 18.8% among surveyed population. As a conclusion, the big proportion of people who reported the habit of sleeping under bed net, were the respondents who received malaria related health messages from (TV, radio, newspapers, workplace and mosque), lived in urban area, owned less number of rooms and were able to read.

Abstrak :
Pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan pada dasarnya merupakan hasil interaksi antara pengguna jasa pelayanan kesehatan dalam hal ini pasien (user) dan peyelenggara pelayanan kesehatan (provider), interaksi ini merupakan suatu hal yang sangat kompleks dan dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor. Rumah sakit Omni Medical Center (RSOMC) adalah sebuah rumah sakit umum swasta yang terletak di daerah Pulomas Jakarta Timur. Tingginya angka kunjungan pada poli rawat jalan kebidanan di RSOMC ternyata tidak diikuti oleh jumlah persalinan di RSOMC yang tinggi juga, oleh karena itu hal ini sangat menarik untuk diteliti dan diketahui apa penyebabnya. Desain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Kasus adalah ibu hamil yang memeriksakan kehamilan di unit rawat jalan kebidanan RSOMC dan melakukan persalinan di RSOMC juga, sedangkan kontrol adalah ibu hamil yang memeriksakan kehamilan di unit rawat jalan poli kebidanan RSOMC dan tidak melakukan persalinan di RSOMC. Jumlah responden dari kelompok kasus adalah sebanyak 15 orang ibu yang akan dipilih secara simple random sampling dan jumlah responden dari kelompok kontrol adalah sebanyak 15 orang ibu juga dan akan dipilih secara simple random sampling. Jadi jumlah keseluruhan sampel pada penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 30 orang ibu. Untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya pengaruh dari variabel-variabel yang diteliti dengan pemilihan tempat persalinan di RSOMC Jakarta dilakukan analisa Univariat untuk melihat keputusan pemilihan tempat persalinan dan distribusi frekuensi dari masing-masing variabel dan analisa Bivariat untuk melihat pembuktian dan dilakukan perhitungan Odds Ratio dengan menggunakan uji Chi-Square. Hasil peneltian menunjukan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara variabel biaya dan variabel kemudahan mendapatkan informasi dengan keputusan pemilihan tempat persalinan di RSOMC, walaupun variabel-variabel lain secara statistik tidak menunjukkan hubungan yang bermakna akan tetapi hal tersebut sangat menarik untuk ditelusuri dan perlu dicermati oleh pihak rumah sakit. ......Factors Influencing Patient Decision of Mid-Wife-Affairs Outpatients Treatment at Omni Medical Center Hospital Jakarta Toward selection of Place of DeliveryBasically the utilization of health service in the result of interaction between the user (patients) and the providers of health service. The interaction is very complex and influenced by many factors. Omni Medical Center Hospital is a private public hospital located at Pulomas region of East Jakarta. The high number of visit to mid-wife-affairs outpatient poly at RSOMC appears not followed by the number of deliveries at RSOMC which is also high. Therefore this matter is very interesting to be and recognized what the reasons are. This study design is a case control. The case is a pregnant mother, her pregnancy examined at the mid-wife outpatient treatment unit of RSOMC and also conducting delivery at the RSOMC, while the control is pregnant mother, her pregnancy examined at mid-wife outpatient treatment poly unit of RSOMC and does not conducting delivery at RSOMC. The numbers of respondents of the case group are 15 mothers selected at sample random sampling and the numbers of respondent of the control group are 15 mothers as well as and will be selected at simple random sampling. Thus the total samples at this study are thirty mothers. To know the existence or not of variables studied by selecting place of delivery at RSOMC Jakarta, an Univariat analysis is carried out to see the decision of selection of delivery places at RSOMC and Bivariat analysis to see the verification and carrying out the calculation of Odds Ratio through Chi-Square test. The result of the study shows that there is a significant relation between variables of cost and variables of facilities to obtain information by the decision of delivery place selection at RSOMC, even thought other variables statistically do not show significant relation but the matter is very interesting to be traced and need to be closely observed by the management of the hospital.

Abstrak :
Salah satu dampak dari meningkatnya proporsi populasi usia lanjut adalah meningkatnya proporsi penyakit degeneratif termasuk stroke. Hingga saat ini berapa besar rata-rata biaya rawat inap stroke dan berapa besar biaya tambahan (Out of pocket) untuk pasien Askes di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek belum diketahui. Analisis biaya dilakukan dengan membandingkan rata-rata biaya rawat inap dari 50 pasien stroke yang dirawat inap sejak 1 April -- 15 Juni 2004 di RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek, dengan menggunakan variabel Jenis Kelamin, Umur, Kelas Perawatan, Lama Hari Rawat dan komponen biaya rawat inap dengan menggunakan metode cross sectional pendekatan kuantitatif.. Analisis biaya dilakukan dengan menggunakan daftar tilik terhadap data rekam medik dan administrasi keuangan rawat inap di semua kelas perawatan (Kelas Utama, Kelas I, Kelas II dan Kelas III). Rata-rata biaya rawat inap pasien Askes per pasien per hari adalah sebesar Rp-189.400; lebih besar dibanding pasien Non Askes Rp.169.552,-. Meskipun demikian secara statistik tidak menunjukkan ada perbedaan bermakna (p= 0,195). Komponen biaya yang paling besar yaitu biaya akomodasi rawat inap sebesar 29,0 % diikuti oleh biaya bahan dan obat sebesar 19,5 % dari total biaya rawat inap pasien stroke. Faktor/variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap rata-rata total biaya rawat inap stroke adalah Kelas Perawatan (p = 0,014) dan Lama Hari Rawat (p = 0,000), sedangkan untuk variabel Jenis Kelamin dan Umur tidak mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan terhadap rata-rata total biaya rawat inap (p = 0,466 dan 0,950). Hasil dari analisis regresi ganda dengan metode enter diperoleh persamaan garis sebagai berikut: Tagihan Biaya Rawat Map = Rp.159.310,6 - Rp.237.733 (Kelas Perawatan) + Rp.157.819,7 (Lama Hari Rawat) Kesimpulan dari analisis biaya rawat inap ini adalah tidak ada perbedaan rata-rata biaya rawat inap menurut jenis pembayar, jenis kelamin, umur namun ada perbedaan rata-rata biaya rawat inap untuk variabel Kelas Perawatan dan Lama Hari Rawat, dengan faktor yang paling berpengaruh yaitu Lama Hari Rawat dengan beta sebesar 0,608 Bahan bacaan : 32 (1968- 2004)

---

The Influencing Factors Analysis of Stroke Health Care Cost at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung 2004Impact of aging population in a public health are degenerative diseases proportion increased , included stroke and how much average strokes health care cost and out of pocket cost stroke patient of PT. Askes at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek are unknown. Cost Analysis in strokes were compared mean health care cost for 50 stroke patients who hospitalization 1 April - 15 June 2004 at RSUD Dr. Hi. Abdul Moeloek Bandar Lampung variables sex, age, class of health care, Length of Stay and all costs health care component, with prospective cross sectional study. Cost analysis based on medical record, admission used checklist of patient healthcare cost in all class (VIP, I, II and III). The mean stroke cost Askes patient per patient per day are (Rp.189.400,-) more than Non Askes health care cost (Rp.169.552,-). The cost difference was not statistically significant (p = 0,195). Cost component that most influence is accommodation cost (29,0 °ro) and Medicine cost (19,5 %) of total strokes cost health care. Patient factors that influencing to total health care cost with statistically significant were health care class (p = 0,014) and Length of Stay (p = 0,000) but sex and age variables were not statistically significant (p = 0,466 and 0,950). The result of regression analysis have got regression lines : Tagihan Biaya Rawat Inap = Rp.159.310,6 - Rp.237.733 (Kelas Perawatan) + Rp.157.819,7 (Lama Hari Rawat) Stroke health care cost at RSUD Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek was not statistically Significant difference between Askes patient and Non Askes Patient, Male and Female, Age < 60 years and > 60 years but were statistically significant difference between health care class and length of stay. Length of Stay was variable that most influenced to total strokes health care cost with beta 0,608.

Abstrak :
Pendahuluan: Timoma merupakan tumor mediastinum dengan kelompok lesi neoplastik yang heterogen sehingga penatalaksanaan dan prognosisnya berbedabeda. Penelitian ini ingin melihat angka tahan hidup timoma dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kohort retrospektif terhadap timoma di RSUP Persahabatan antara Januari 1997 sampai Desember 2012. Data diambil dari rekam medis. Analisis kesintasan menggunakan Kaplan- Meier sedangkan perbandingan survival menggunakan uji Log-Rank dan analisis multivariat dengan analis Regresi Cox. Hasil penelitian: Sebanyak 43 subjek penelitian dianalisis dan didapatkan 1-year survival rate sebesar 72,1%, 3-year survival rate 58,1% dan overall survival rate 55,8%. Histopatologi timoma menurut pembagian WHO masing-masing mempunyai 5-year survival rate sebesar 73,7% pada tipe A, 55,6% pada tipe AB, 100% pada tipe B1, 25% pada tipe B2 sedangkan tipe C semuanya meninggal pada bulan ke-23. Dengan uji perbandingan Log-Rank didapatkan perbedaan bermakna secara statistik antara tipe A-B2 (p 0,009), tipe A-C (p 0,001), tipe ABC (p 0,032) dan tipe B1-C (p 0,018). Stage timoma menurut pembagian Masaoka masing-masing mempunyai 5-year survival rate sebesar 100% pada stage I, 90% pada stage II,57,1% pada stage III, 26,7% pada stage IV A dan 20% pada stage IV B. Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara stage I-IV A (p 0,012), I-IV B (p 0,007), II-IV A (p 0,002) dan II-IV B (p 0,002). Tindakan pembedahan extended thymo thymectomy (ETT) mempunyai 5-year survival rate sebesar 83,3%, debulking sebesar 27,3% dan tanpa pembedahan sebesar 42,9%. Didapatkan perbedaan bermakna antara ETT-debulkling (p 0,001) dan antara ETT-tidak dibedah (p 0,01). Tidak terdapat perbedaan angka tahan hidup timoma yang bermakna berdasarkan umur, jenis kelamin maupun ada tidaknya miastenia gravis. Analisis multivariat memperlihatkan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap angka tahan hidup timoma adalah stage menurut Masaoka. Kesimpulan: Jenis histopatologi menurut WHO, stage menurut Masaoka dan tindakan pembedahan merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi angka tahan hidup timoma. Faktor yang paling berpengaruh adalah stage menurut Masaoka. ...... Introduction: Thymoma is a mediastinal tumor with a heterogeneous group of neoplastic lesions, in such that it applied varies management and prognosis. This study wanted to see thymoma survival rate and the factors that influence it. Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort method to thymoma at Persahabatan Hospital between January 1997 and December 2012. Data retrieved from medical records. Survival analysis using the Kaplan-Meier while survival comparisons using the Log-Rank test and multivariate analysis using the Cox Regression analysis. Results: A total of 43 subjects were analyzed and found 1-year survival rate of 72.1%, 3-year survival rate of 58.1% and overall survival rate of 55.8%. Histopathology division of thymoma according to the WHO each have 5-year survival rate of 73.7% in type A, 55.6% in type AB, 100 % in type B1, 25% in type B2 while type C all died in month-23. Using the Log-Rank test comparisons found statistically significant differences between type A-B2 (p 0.009), type A-C (p 0.001), type AB-C (p 0.032) and type B1-C (p 0.018). Thymoma stage division according to Masaoka each has a 5-year survival rate of 100 % in stage I, 90% in stage II, 57.1% in stage III, 26.7% in stage IV A and 20% in stage IV B. Obtained significant differences between stage I - IV A (p 0.012), the I - IV B (p 0.007), IIIV A (p 0.002) and II-IV B (p 0.002). Surgery extended thymo thymectomy (ETT) has a 5-year survival rate of 83.3%, 27.3% and debulking without surgery by 42.9%. Obtained significant differences between the ETT-debulkling (p 0.001) and between ETT-no surgery (p 0.01). There was no significant difference in survival rate of thymoma based on age, gender and the presence of myasthenia gravis. Multivariate analysis showed that the most influential factors on the survival rate thymoma are stage divisions according to Masaoka. Conclusions: Histopathological type according to the WHO, stage divisions according to Masaoka and surgery are affecting factors of thymoma survival rate. The most dominant factor is the stage divisions according to Masaoka.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas pemungutan Bea Perolehan Hak atas Tanah dan Bangunan di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Pendekatan penelitian ini adalah post positivisme dengan metode deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemungutan BPHTB di Provinsi DKI Jakarta berjalan cukup memadai, didasarkan dimensi strategy, structure, system, skills dan staff meskipun dalam aspek strategy penetapan NJOP belum mencermintan nilai pasar serta monitoring dan penilaian kerja individu pegawai belum dilakukan pada aspek skills. Peran Notaris dalam pemungutan BPHTB adalah sebagai pengumpul pajak, penyuluh perpajakan, wajib pajak, pemberi data yang akurat, dan pintu gerbang penerbitan NPWP baru. Faktor penunjang efektivitas pemungutan BPHTB adalah kemampuan SDM mumpuni, sarana dan prasarana memadai, ada regulasi yang mengatur BPHTB, dan terjalin koordinasi yang baik dengan instansi terkait, sedangkan faktor penghambat efektivitas pemungutan BPHTB yaitu keterbatasan fikus memperoleh nilai transaksi yang sebenarnya dan kurangnya pengetahuan wajib pajak. ......This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of collecting Customs on Land and Building Rights in DKI Jakarta Province. This research approach is post positivism with descriptive method. The results showed that the collection of BPHTB in DKI Jakarta Province was running quite adequately, based on the dimensions of strategy, structure, system, skills and staff, although in the aspect of strategy the determination of NJOP did not reflect the market value and monitoring and assessment of individual employee work had not been carried out on the skills aspect. The role of a Notary in collecting BPHTB is as a tax collector, tax advisor, taxpayer, providing accurate data, and the gateway to the issuance of a new NPWP. Factors supporting the effectiveness of BPHTB collection are the ability of qualified human resources, adequate facilities and infrastructure, there are regulations that regulate BPHTB, and good coordination is established with relevant agencies, while the inhibiting factors for the effectiveness of BPHTB collection are limited focus on obtaining the actual transaction value and lack of knowledge of taxpayers.

Abstrak :
Seiring dengan perkembangan populasi, urbanisasi dan industrialisasi, kebutuhan terhadap jaringan lalu lintas berupa jalan tol semakin meningkat. Jalan tol dapat memudahkan manusia dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Akan tetapi dengan melajunya perkembangan proyek infrastruktur tersebut memberikan dampak terhadap konsumsi energi dan polusi lingkungan. Salah satu solusi untuk menangani ini adalah dengan implementasi jalan tol hijau. Melihat bahwa penerapan jalan tol hijau di Indonesia hanya mencapai 2% dilakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang mempengaruhi implementasi tersebut dan hubungan antar faktor. Metode peneltian yang digunakan untuk mencapai tujuan adalah validasi pakar, pilot survei dan survei responden. Dengan metode uji PLS-SEM dengan aplikasi SMARTPLS. Berdasarkan hasil validasi pakar ditemukan terdapat 17 indikator yang mempengaruhi implementasi jalan tol hijau di Indonesia. Berdasarkan nilai T-Statistics tahap konstruksi merupakan tahap dengan signifikansi tertinggi. Regulasi mengenai proyek jalan tol hijau, pengalaman dalam mendesain, training terkait metode konstruksi serta apresiasi dari pemerintah merupakan indikator yang paling signifikan dari setiap siklus hidup proyek. Berdasarkan penelitian ini implementasi jalan tol hijau paling signifikan pada jalan tol eksisting yang belum bersertifikat hijau. ...... Along with population development, urbanization and industrialization, the need for a traffic network in the form of toll roads is increasing. Toll roads can facilitate humans in everyday life. However, the accelerated development of these infrastructure projects has an impact on energy consumption and environmental pollution. One solution to deal with this is the implementation of green toll roads. Seeing that the implementation of green toll roads in Indonesia has only reached 2%, this research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the factors that influence this implementation and the relationship between factors. The research methods used to achieve the goal are expert validation, pilot surveys and respondent surveys with the PLS-SEM test method with the SMARTPLS application. Using PLS-SEM with the help of SMARTPLS application it was found that there are 17 indicators that influence the implementation of green toll roads in Indonesia.  Based on T-statistics, construction stage is the stage with the highest significance. Regulations regarding green toll road projects, experience in designing, training related to construction methods and appreciation from the government are the most significant indicators base of project life cycle. Green toll road implementation is most significant applied in existing toll road.