Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Malnutrisi merupakan hal yang umum terjadi pada pasien sirosis hati Tata laksana nutrisi yang optimal bertujuan mempertahankan dan meningkatkan status gizi memperbaiki keadaan klinis dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien Tatalaksana nutrisi pasien sirosis hati mencakup pemberian makronutrien mikronutrien dan nutrien spesifik serta cairan Pasien pada serial kasus ini terdiri atas tiga orang laki laki dan satu orang perempuan dengan rentang usia antara 30 sampai 57 tahun Tiga orang pasien menderita malnutrisi dan satu orang pasien berisiko malnutrisi Berdasarkan skrining seluruh pasien membutuhkan dukungan nutrisi Kebutuhan energi total KET pasien dihitung dengan menjumlahkan kebutuhan energi basal KEB yang didapat dengan menggunakan persamaan Harris Benedict dan faktor stres yang sesuai kondisi klinis pasien Pemberian nutrisi dimulai dengan 80 dari KEB sampai KEB kemudian ditingkatkan secara bertahap hingga mencapai KET Kebutuhan protein dan lemak disesuaikan dengan kondisi pasien Protein yang diberikan mempunyai kandungan asam amino rantai cabang AARC yang tinggi dan lemak jenis medium chain triglyceride MCT trigliserida rantai sedang Makanan diberikan dalam porsi kecil dengan jadwal pemberian sering dan malam hari diberikan late evening snack sebanyak 10 dari asupan harian total mengandung karbohidrat dan AARC Pada pasien dengan hiponatremia dilusional asupan cairan direstriksi Selama pemantauan dengan bertambah baiknya keadaan klinis maka asupan makan pasien dapat mencapai KET Serial kasus ini menunjukkan bahwa pada pasien sirosis hati dengan berbagai komplikasi tata laksana nutrisi yang baik dapat meningkatkan status gizi memperbaiki keadaan klinis dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien

---

Malnutrition is common in patients with liver cirrhosis Optimal nutrition support in patients with liver cirrhosis is required to maintain and improve clinical condition nutrition status and quality of life by providing macronutrient micronutrient specific nutrient and fluid according to the recommendation Patients in this case series were three males and one female with age ranged from 30 to 57 years old Three patients were malnourished while one was on risk of being malnourished Based on the screening conducted to these patients while their admission all four patients needed nutrition support therapy Total energy requirements were determined using Harris Benedict equation to calculate basal energy requirements and multiplied by stress factor Nutrition provision initiated from 80 basal energy requirement and increased gradually according to patient rsquo s tolerance until total energy requirements were achieved Protein and lipid were given in accordance with the patients clinical condition with protein contain high branched chain amino acid BCAA and fat which high in medium chain triglyceride MCT The diets delivered in small portion six times per day with late evening snack as much as 10 of total energy intake contained carbohydrate and BCAA Fluid restrictions were applied to patients with dilutional hyponatremia During hospitalization nutrition intake increased as general conditions improved Nutrition status clinical condition and quality of life of liver cirrhotic patients with various complications in this case series were improved by appopriate nutrition support ;Malnutrition is common in patients with liver cirrhosis Optimal nutrition support in patients with liver cirrhosis is required to maintain and improve clinical condition nutrition status and quality of life by providing macronutrient micronutrient specific nutrient and fluid according to the recommendation Patients in this case series were three males and one female with age ranged from 30 to 57 years old Three patients were malnourished while one was on risk of being malnourished Based on the screening conducted to these patients while their admission all four patients needed nutrition support therapy Total energy requirements were determined using Harris Benedict equation to calculate basal energy requirements and multiplied by stress factor Nutrition provision initiated from 80 basal energy requirement and increased gradually according to patient rsquo s tolerance until total energy requirements were achieved Protein and lipid were given in accordance with the patients clinical condition with protein contain high branched chain amino acid BCAA and fat which high in medium chain triglyceride MCT The diets delivered in small portion six times per day with late evening snack as much as 10 of total energy intake contained carbohydrate and BCAA Fluid restrictions were applied to patients with dilutional hyponatremia During hospitalization nutrition intake increased as general conditions improved Nutrition status clinical condition and quality of life of liver cirrhotic patients with various complications in this case series were improved by appopriate nutrition support "

"Andrografolid merupakan senyawa bahan alam dari Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F) Ness yang menunjukkan aktivitas antivirus. Andrografolid memiliki kelarutan air yang buruk dan bioavailabilitas yang rendah, sehingga dapat membatasi distribusi dan akumulasi dalam tubuh setelah pemberian. Nanoemulsi merupakan sistem dispersi berupa emulsi yang dapat meningkatkan kelarutan obat yang sukar larut dalam air. Nanoemulsi memiliki stabilitas jangka panjang dan kemampuan penetrasi yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memformulasikan nanoemulsi dengan bahan aktif andrografolid menggunakan minyak kelapa sawit dan Medium Chain Triglyceride (MCT) coconut oil sebagai fase minyak yang ditujukan untuk rute parenteral sehingga dapat langsung menuju ke sistemik. Nanoemulsi dibuat dengan memvariasikan konsentrasi lesitin yang digunakan yaitu 1%, 1,5%, dan 3%. Metode pembuatan dengan ultrasonikasi kemudian dilakukan evaluasi stabilitas fisik selama 12 minggu penyimpanan pada suhu ruang (30 ± 2°C), suhu rendah (5 ± 2°C), dan suhu tinggi (40 ± 2°C). Hasil uji morfologi nanoemulsi yang diamati dengan transmission electron microscope memiliki bentuk yang sferis. Nilai ukuran globul yang dihasilkan 452,3±8,17 nm dengan indeks polidispersitas 0,129±0,01.  Hasil uji sentrifugasi pada 3800 rpm selama 30 menit dan cycling test selama 12 hari menunjukkan sediaan yang stabil dan tidak terdapat pemisahan fase. Hasil pengujian kadar diperoleh sebesar 98,91%. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sediaan nanoemulsi andrografolid dengan konsentrasi lesitin 3% memiliki kestabilitan fisik yang baik selama 12 minggu penyimpanan.

---

Andrographolide is a natural compound from Andrographis paniculata (Burm. F) Ness which exhibits antiviral activity. Andrographolide has poor water solubility and low bioavailability, so it can limit the distribution and accumulation in the body after administration. Nanoemulsion is a dispersion system in the form of an emulsion that can increase the solubility of drugs that are less soluble in water. Nanoemulsion has long-term stability and good penetration ability. This study aims to formulate a nanoemulsion with the active pharmaceutical ingredient andrographolide using palm oil and Medium Chain Triglyceride (MCT) coconut oil as the oil phase intended for the parenteral route so that it can enter to the blood circulation directly. Nanoemulsions were made by varying the concentration of lecithin used, namely 1%, 1.5%, and 3%. Nanoemulsion were made using the ultrasonication method and then studied for physical stability for 12 weeks of storage at room temperature (30 ± 2°C), low temperature (5 ± 2°C), and high temperature (40 ± 2°C). The nanoemulsion as observed under transmission electron microscope were found to be spherical in shape. The resulted of globule size value was 452.3±8.17 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.129±0.01. Centrifugation test at 3800 rpm for 30 minutes and the cycling test for 12 days showed that the preparation was stable and there was no phase separation. The result of the drug content determination was 98.91%. This study showed that the andrographolide nanoemulsion preparation with 3% lecithin concentration had good physical stability for 12 weeks of storage."