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"This study explores why Chinese consumers use pirated software programs and how they think about their illegal use, relying on Q methodology. we developed 32 Q statements that outline reasons for using pirated software and surveyed 30 respondents from public officials, and software companies employees to students, professors, researchers, and the public. we developed four Q factors to describe four types of response to the use of pirated software. One group addresses a normative legal response, the second makes an economic utility argument, the third calls for punishing violators, and the fourth claims that they find themselves facing an uncomfortable dilemma in having to choose between the cheapness of illegal software and its illegality. chinese respondents believe that government intervention can reduce the extent of illegal use (normative legal) and that intellectual property should be protected (economic utility). furthermore, they acknowledged that the illegal use of software is a socio-structural problem across all social groups rather than a problem of a specific demographic group, such as a group of teenagers. Future research is required to explore not only whether or not perceptions regarding the use of illegal software vary from country to country but also how Confucian culture and norms are related to attitudes about the widespread use of counterfeit products in Asian countries."

"Sektor konstruksi berperan hingga 9,86% Produk Domestik Bruto Indonesia. Proyek refurbishment merupakan salah satu jenis konstruksi gedung yang mencakup kegiatan konstruksi umum di gedung yang sudah ada yang membutuhkan fleksibilitas manajemen proyek tersendiri karena keunikan kompleksitas dan ketidakpastian pada proyek dengan jenis ini. Oleh karena itu, faktor-faktor pendukung fleksibilitas project management apa saja yang harus dimiliki dan bagaimana implementasinya dalam pengawalan proyek refurbishment, menarik untuk diteliti. Penelitian ini dilakukan dalam empat tahap menggunakan metodologi Systematic Literature Review (SLR), semi-structured questionnaire (SSQ), Q-Methodology, dan wawancara. 20 faktor pendukung fleksibilitas diidentifikasi sebagai hasil SLR, yang seluruhnya dikonfirmasi sebagai faktor pendukung fleksibilitas yang dibutuhkan dalam manajemen proyek konstruksi refurbishment melalui SSQ. Q-methodology mengungkap 4 perspektif praktisi dan urutan faktor pendukung fleksibilitas dari yang terpenting hingga paling kurang penting. Wawancara yang dilakukan terhadap ahli menunjukkan bahwa faktor-faktor pendukung fleksibilitas yang terpenting telah diterapkan dalam praktik manajemen proyek konstruksi refurbishment, dengan pengecualian satu faktor yang tidak selalu diterapkan. Implikasi manajerial dari penelitian ini adalah penelitian ini memberikan wawasan cara-cara baru bagi praktisi proyek untuk menghadapi kompleksitas dan ketidakpastian proyek melalui manajemen proyek yang lebih fleksibel.......Construction sector accounts for up to 9.86% of Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product. Refurbishment projects are a type of building construction that includes general construction activities in existing buildings that require special project management flexibility due to the unique complexity and uncertainty of this type of project. Therefore, flexibility enablers for project management and how they are implemented in managing refurbishment projects, are interesting to research. This research was conducted in four stages using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR), semi-structured questionnaire (SSQ), Q-Methodology, and interviews. 20 flexibility enablers were identified as a result of the SLR, all of which were confirmed as flexibility enablers needed in refurbishment construction project management through SSQ. Q-methodology reveals 4 practitioner perspectives and the order of flexibility enablers from most important to least important. Interviews conducted with experts show that the most important flexibility enablers have been implemented in refurbishment construction project management practices, except for one factor which is not always implemented. The managerial implication of this research is that this research provides insight of new ways for project practitioners to deal with project complexity and uncertainty using more flexible approach."

"Proyek pembangunan gedung bertingkat khususnya di kota besar di Indonesia merupakan salah satu alternatif pembangunan yang dilakukan dalam rangka mengatasi keterbatasan lahan. Konstruksi proyek gedung bertingkat merupakan pekerjaan yang berbahaya karena terdapat keunikan dan kompleksitas dalam lingkungan kerja, sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan adanya kecelakaan konstruksi. Tingginya kasus kecelakaan konstruksi erat kaitannya dengan pihak-pihak yang berkaitan langsung dengan proyek konstruksi atau sering disebut dengan stakeholder. Di Indonesia, stakeholder konstruksi terdiri dari kontraktor, subkontraktor, konsultan struktur, konsultan arsitektur, owner, dan MK (Konsultan Pengawas). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis persepsi atau pemahaman stakeholder terhadap risiko keselamatan konstruksi pada bangunan gedung bertingkat dengan metode photographic Q-methodology, serta menggunakan analisis koefisien Kendall’s W, Friedman’s χ2, dan Kruskal-Wallis untuk mengukur pemahaman stakeholder. Secara keseluruhan, kontraktor, subkontraktor, konsultan struktur, owner, dan MK memiliki pemahaman yang sedang, sedangkan konsultan arsitektur memiliki pemahaman yang rendah. Dari hasil tersebut, penulis merumuskan rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan pemahaman seluruh stakeholder terhadap risiko keselamatan konstruksi di Indonesia.......The construction of high-rise buildings, particularly in major cities in Indonesia, is one of the alternative development approaches undertaken to address land limitations. The construction of high-rise buildings involves hazardous work due to the unique characteristics and complexities of the work environment, which can potentially lead to construction accidents. The high incidence of construction accidents is closely related to the parties directly involved in construction projects, commonly referred to as stakeholders. In Indonesia, construction stakeholders include contractors, subcontractors, structural consultants, architectural consultants, owners, and supervising consultants. This study aims to analyze the stakeholders' perceptions or understanding of construction safety risks in high-rise buildings using the photographic Q-methodology. Additionally, Kendall's W coefficient, Friedman's χ2, and Kruskal-Wallis analyses are used to measure stakeholders' understanding. Overall, contractors, subcontractors, structural consultants, owners, and supervising consultants have a moderate level of understanding, while architectural consultants have a low level of understanding. Based on these findings, the author formulates recommendations to enhance the understanding of all stakeholders regarding construction safety risks in Indonesia."