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Abstrak :
In the current study, two experiments are reported that investigated the effects of simple white noise and mixture of white noise and other sounds on perception of speech. In both experiments, university students were recruited to listen to short sentences under various sound masking conditions. Experiment 1, where standard sets of speakers were used for both speech and masking stimuli, has shown that, compared to baseline where there was no masking sound, the participants had significantly greater difficulties in understanding the sentences where the average level of understanding was 28% for the white noise condition and 20% for the mixed noise condition in which white noise was mixed with pink noise and sounds of running water. In Experiment 2, a test model of the specially designed sound masking speaker was used to present the masking noise. Further, sounds of tweeting birds and healing music were added to the mixed noise from Experiment 1 to create the three masking noise conditions. The average level of understanding for the mixed noise condition was 14%, while that for the bird and music conditions were 24% and 30% respectively. The higher understanding rates for the latter conditions were due to lower volume of the mixed white noise in order to keep the overall volume including the birds and music at 55dB. There were also significant effects of sentence type and reading voice gender, suggesting that auditory legibility does not solely depend on the speech-to-noise sound level ratio, but also on other variables, such as, predictability of the sentences, and clarity of the speech. Feedback at the end of the sessions revealed that the participants found mixed noise less irritating than pure white noise, and they preferred mixed noise with bird tweeting or music even better. Thus, it was concluded that mixed noise with occasional sounds of tweeting birds, was the most suitable masking sound for commercial use, being efficient and not unpleasant.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Digital signal processing is concerned with the representation of signals by sequences of number or symbols and the processing of the sequences. The purpose of such processing may be to estimate characteristic parameters of a signal or to transform a signal into a form which is in some sense more desirable. The classical numerical analysis formulas, such as those designed for interpolation, integration, and differentiation, are certainly digital signal processing algorithms.

The early work on speech and the like - topics still of considerable interest and still the object of active research began less than two decade ago. The rapid development of the subject can be appreciated by scanning the issues of the leading journals. Yet the application of digital signal processing has not been without its problems. It is a field which demands sophisticated technology.

Abstrak :
This book examines use of the voice as a biometric measure for personal authentication, offering an overview of advances in speaker authentication, and including useful algorithms and techniques for improving overall system robustness and performance.

Abstrak :
This volume contains a selection of revised papers that were presented at the Software Aspects of Robotic Systems, SARS 2011 Workshop and the Machine Learning for System Construction, MLSC 2011 Workshop, held during October 17-18 in Vienna, Austria, under the auspices of the International Symposium Series on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification, and Validation, ISoLA. The topics covered by the papers of the SARS and the MLSC workshop demonstrate the breadth and the richness of the respective fields of the two workshops stretching from robot programming to languages and compilation techniques, to real-time and fault tolerance, to dependability, software architectures, computer vision, cognitive robotics, multi-robot-coordination, and simulation to bio-inspired algorithms, and from machine learning for anomaly detection, to model construction in software product lines to classification of web service interfaces.

Abstrak :
This book presents a thorough and detailed guide to image registration, outlining the principles and reviewing state-of-the-art tools and methods. The book begins by identifying the components of a general image registration system, and then describes the design of each component using various image analysis tools. The text reviews a vast array of tools and methods, not only describing the principles behind each tool and method, but also measuring and comparing their performances using synthetic and real data. Features, discusses similarity/dissimilarity measures, point detectors, feature extraction/selection and homogeneous/heterogeneous descriptors, examines robust estimators, point pattern matching algorithms, transformation functions, and image resampling and blending; covers principal axes methods, hierarchical methods, optimization-based methods, edge-based methods, model-based methods, and adaptive methods, includes a glossary, an extensive list of references, and an appendix on PCA.