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Abstrak :
[ABSTRAK
Lapangan XXX merupakan lapangan minyak di cekungan Natuna Barat dengan reservoir utama berupa reservoir batu pasir. Ketebalan reservoir pada lapangan ini sangat bervariasi sehingga hasil inversi hanya dapat memetakan ketebalan reservoir yang mendekati ketebalan tuning. Berdasarkan uji sensitifitas, parameter AI di setiap sumur tidak dapat membedakan hidrokarbon, sehingga parameter akustik saja tidak dapat diaplikasikan dalam karakterisasi reservoir lapangan ini. Namun ketika parameter densitas terpisah dengan parameter kecepatan P, sebaran hidrokarbon dapat dibedakan dengan baik. Kecepatan S tidak tersedia di semua sumur padahal data ini sangat diperlukan untuk melakukan pengolahan data dengan metode inversi simultan. Oleh karena itu akan dilakukan beberapa estimasi untuk mendapatkan data kecepatan S antara lain dengan metode castagna, metode gassmann, metode parsial, metode Xu-White dan metode Lee. Data kecepatan S yang dipakai adalah kecepatan S terbaik yang diperoleh dari metode Xu White dikarenakan hasil log poisson’s rationya paling mendekati tren kurva saturasi air. Selain itu aspek rasio batuan yang mempertimbangkan nilai porositas dan volume clay, serta kontrol kualitas Vp model dari metode Xu-White memiliki rasio error minimum jika dibandingkan dengan nilai Vp dari data log. Metode inversi simultan dengan data pre-stack atau partial stack memungkinkan dilakukannya prediksi parameter Impedansi P, Impedansi S, dan densitas dari data seismik. Selain itu meode inversi simultan dapat dipergunakan multi wavelet dalam pengolahan datanya. Hasil penampang inversi yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa inverse densitas dapat menjelaskan letak sebaran batuan reservoir dan fluida berdasarkan cut off sensitifitas yakni nilai dibawah 2,26 gr/cc.

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ABSTRACT
field is an oil field in West Natuna Basin with sandstone reservoir as primary target. There was varying reservoir thickness, so the inversion method that could only be applied to map reservoir thickness, which close to tuning thickness. Based on sensitivity analysis, Acoustic Impedance parameters couldn’t indicate hydrocarbon appearance for each well, so Acoustic Impedance cannot be applied for reservoir characterization in this field. Density versus Acoustic Impedance could map hydrocarbon appearance. Shear velocity weren’t available where those data was needed for running simultaneous inversion method. Predicting velocity shear would be carried out by using several method such as Castagna, Gassmann, Parsial, Xu-White, and Lee. The best estimated velocity shear would be used for inversion, The best estimated shear velocity from Xu-White method because Xu-White’s poisson ratio log presents similar trend with water saturation log (Sw). Moreover, Xu-White’s ratio aspect is also considering porosity and clay volume value. Based on quality control result, Vp model of Xu-White had minimum error ratio compared to Vp from log. Simultaneous inversion with pre-stack and parsial stack data what can be used for predicting P-Impedance, S-Impedance, and density from seismic data. Otherwise, this method is also used not only for single wavelet but also multi wavelet. The inversion result from this study can mapping out the hydrocarbon appearance for reservoir target based on cut off value from sensitivity test of less than 2,26 gr/cc.;X field is an oil field in West Natuna Basin with sandstone reservoir as primary target. There was varying reservoir thickness, so the inversion method that could only be applied to map reservoir thickness, which close to tuning thickness. Based on sensitivity analysis, Acoustic Impedance parameters couldn’t indicate hydrocarbon appearance for each well, so Acoustic Impedance cannot be applied for reservoir characterization in this field. Density versus Acoustic Impedance could map hydrocarbon appearance. Shear velocity weren’t available where those data was needed for running simultaneous inversion method. Predicting velocity shear would be carried out by using several method such as Castagna, Gassmann, Parsial, Xu-White, and Lee. The best estimated velocity shear would be used for inversion, The best estimated shear velocity from Xu-White method because Xu-White’s poisson ratio log presents similar trend with water saturation log (Sw). Moreover, Xu-White’s ratio aspect is also considering porosity and clay volume value. Based on quality control result, Vp model of Xu-White had minimum error ratio compared to Vp from log. Simultaneous inversion with pre-stack and parsial stack data what can be used for predicting P-Impedance, S-Impedance, and density from seismic data. Otherwise, this method is also used not only for single wavelet but also multi wavelet. The inversion result from this study can mapping out the hydrocarbon appearance for reservoir target based on cut off value from sensitivity test of less than 2,26 gr/cc., X field is an oil field in West Natuna Basin with sandstone reservoir as primary target. There was varying reservoir thickness, so the inversion method that could only be applied to map reservoir thickness, which close to tuning thickness. Based on sensitivity analysis, Acoustic Impedance parameters couldn’t indicate hydrocarbon appearance for each well, so Acoustic Impedance cannot be applied for reservoir characterization in this field. Density versus Acoustic Impedance could map hydrocarbon appearance. Shear velocity weren’t available where those data was needed for running simultaneous inversion method. Predicting velocity shear would be carried out by using several method such as Castagna, Gassmann, Parsial, Xu-White, and Lee. The best estimated velocity shear would be used for inversion, The best estimated shear velocity from Xu-White method because Xu-White’s poisson ratio log presents similar trend with water saturation log (Sw). Moreover, Xu-White’s ratio aspect is also considering porosity and clay volume value. Based on quality control result, Vp model of Xu-White had minimum error ratio compared to Vp from log. Simultaneous inversion with pre-stack and parsial stack data what can be used for predicting P-Impedance, S-Impedance, and density from seismic data. Otherwise, this method is also used not only for single wavelet but also multi wavelet. The inversion result from this study can mapping out the hydrocarbon appearance for reservoir target based on cut off value from sensitivity test of less than 2,26 gr/cc.]

Abstrak :
Lapangan "Z" merupakan salah satu lapangan hidrokarbon yang sedang dikembangkan dan berada di Cekungan Sumatra Selatan yang terkenal sebagai salah satu cekungan penghasil hidrokarbon terbesar di Indonesia. Pada awalnya inversi seismik dilakukan dengan hanya menghasilkan penampang impedansi akustik yang memiliki keterbatasan dalam mengidentifikasi litologi batuan serta kandungan fluidanya. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, dilakukan inversi simultan yang dilakukan pada data pre-stack yang menghasilkan tiga parameter sekaligus, yaitu parameter impedansi akustik, impedansi shear, dan densitas. Ketiga parameter tersebut ditransformasi sehingga memperoleh parameter lame berupa nilai lambda-rho dan mu-rho yang lebih sensitif dalam mengidentifikasi litologi batuan maupun kandungan fluida di dalam reservoir. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengkarakterisasi reservoir batupasir dengan menggunakan metode Simultaneous Inversion. Inversi ini dilakukan pada data pre-stack yang telah dikondisikan terlebih dahulu dengan kontrol dari data sumur dan horison. Hasil inversi yang diperoleh adalah reservoir batupasir berisi gas pada penelitian ini dicirikan dengan nilai lambda-rho yang rendah yaitu bernilai 5700-7000 (m/s)*(g/cc), impedansi-S yang tinggi yaitu bernilai 3200-4700 (m/s)*(g/cc), dan nilai mu-rho yang tinggi bernilai 11-14,3 GPa*g/cc. Sedangkan pada reservoir batupasir berisi minyak memiliki nilai lambda-rho yang tinggi sekitar 7000-9000 (m/s)*(g/cc). Reservoir batupasir pada penelitian ini relatif sangat tipis sehingga diperlukan ketelitian dalam menganalisisnya.

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The 'Z' field is a hydrocarbon field that still on developement and located in the South Sumatra Basin that is known as one of the largest hydrocarbon-producing basins in Indonesia. At first, the seismic inversion is performed by simply generating acoustic impedance cross section that has limitations in identifying rock lithology and fluid content. To solve this problem, simultaneous inversion performed on the pre-stack data which generates three parameters simultaneously, namely acoustic impedance, shear impedance and density parameters. These parameters can be transformed to obtain lame parameter called lambda-rho and mu-rho which are more sensitive in identifying rock lithology and fluid content in the reservoir. This thesis aims to characterize the sandstones reservoir using Simultaneous Inversion method. This inversion is done on the pre-stack data which previously been conditioned with the control of wells and horizons. Inversion results obtained are gas-containing sandstone reservoir, which in this research identified with the small lambda-rho value about 5700-7000 (m/s)*(g/cc), high impedance-S value about 3200-4700 (m/s)*(g/cc), and high mu-rho value about 11-14.3 GPa*g/cc. In other side the oil-containing sandstone reservoir has a high lambda-rho value about 7000-9000 (m/s)*(g/cc). Sandstones reservoir in this study are relatively very thin, that means it is required a huge accuracy in analyzing it.

Abstrak :
Lapangan Phy berada di lingkungan pengendapan delta plain dengan beberapa kualifikasi; batupasir yang berasal dari sungai adalah sungai - sungai yang memiliki sejarah geologi berbeda dengan ketebalan 20 - 40 meter, beberapa sungai - sungai kecil dengan ketebalan 10 - 15 meter, dan endapan sungai lainnya ketebalannya sekitar 2 meter. Berdasar kondisi geologi, lapangan Phy memiliki beberapa paket batupasir pada masing - masing log. Litologi pada lapangan ini juga bervariasi; batupasir, batulempung, batubara, dan gamping. Lapangan ini juga memiliki beberapa tantangan yaitu : a. Klasifikasi litologi dan fluida pada zona sangat dangkal (di atas 700m) dan sangat dalam (di bawah 3000 m) sulit diidentifikasi karena isu amplitude seismic b. Delineasi litologi spasial dan distribusi fluida sulit dipetakan karena anisotropi data seismic c. Resolusi vertikal untuk karakterisasi reservoir kurang baik karena paket batupasir yang tipis. Untuk menyelesaikan tantangan - tantangan tersebut, inversi simultan dan inversi geostatistik dilakukan pada lapangan ini. Separasi litologi dapat dilakukan dengan baik pada zona 2 (lebih kurang 2000 - 5000 m. Namun terdapat beberapa pertimbangan untuk menggunakan hasil inversi simultan dan geostatistik pada lapangan Phy. Kedua hasil inversi simultan dan geostatistik tidak dapat memetakan distribusi hidrokarbon baik secara vertikal maupun horizontal. Hal ini disebabkan karena hasil analisis petrofisika dan fisika batuan tidak memberikan hasil yang dapat merepresentasikan separasi litologi dan fluida. Beberapa perbaikan untuk klasifikasi fluida pada lapangan ini perlu dipelajari lebih lanjut. Melalui korelasi litologi, inversi simultan dan geostatistik dapat memetakan distribusi batupasir dengan baik meskipun beberapa keterbatasan muncul. Distribusi lateral dari prediksi batupasir berkorelasi dengan baik terhadap informasi net sand dari data sumur tetapi resolusi vertikal kurang baik. Secara kontras, inversi geostatistik memberikan hasil yang lebih detail dalam resolusi vertikal tetapi tidak berkorelasi cukup baik dengan data net sand dari sumur karena efek pemodelan variogram. ......Phy field is located on delta plain depositional environment with several qualifications; channel sand bodies are either multi - story channels with a thickness of 20 to 40 meters, many single channels with a thickness of 10 to 15 meters, and distributary channels deposits gave mouth bars with a thickness of around 2 meters. Due to this geological condition, Phy field has several sand packages on each log. The lithology of this field is also varied; sandstone, shale, coal, and limestone. This field also has several challenges: d. Lithology and fluid classification at Very Shallow (above 700 m) and Very Deep (below 3000 m) zones, caused by seismic amplitude issue e. Spatial lithology and fluid distribution delineation, caused by seismic anisotropy f. Vertical resolution resolving of reservoir characterization, caused by thin sand packages. To solve those challenges on Phy field, simultaneous inversion (SI) and geostatistical inversion (GI) have been conducted on this field. Lithology separation could be conducted well from Zone 2 (more or less 2000 - 2500 m). Nevertheless, there are several considerations to use GI and SI in Phy field. Both simultaneous and geostatistical inversion results could not characterize hydrocarbon distribution vertically and horizontally. It is because of the petrophysics and rock physics result of elastic properties which have been used as the inputs for lithology and fluid classification. Several enhancements for the classification for this field are needed to be studied deeper. Through lithology correlation, simultaneous and geostatistical inversion could delineate sand distribution well even though some limitations also overcome. Simultaneous inversion lateral distribution of sand prediction correlates well to net sand information from wells but lack of vertical resolution. Besides, geostatistical inversion gives more detail in vertical resolution of capturing thin sands but lack of lateral prediction of sands because of variogram effect.

Abstrak :
Telah dilakukan studi inversi Simultan untuk karakterisasi reservoar batu pasir di formasi Lower Pematang. Parameter elastis yang dapat dihasilkan dari inversi Simultan diantaranya adalah impedansi P, impedansi S, dan Vp/Vs, Hasil uji sensitivitas pada data sumur menunjukkan bahwa Impedansi Akustik dan Vp/Vs dengan parameter utama Vcl, porositas dan saturasi air dapat memisahkan litologi dengan baik, akan tetapi tidak mampu memisahkan fluida karena separasi yang minim. Sehingga pada studi ini, mengacu pada parameter hasil uji sensitivitas, dilakukan inversi untuk memisahkan litologi dan pesebaran reservoir batupasir berdasarkan Impedansi Akustik AI dan Vp/Vs. Pasir yang berporositas tinggi memiliki nilai Vp/Vs lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan batupasir berporositas rendah. Pada reservoir target batu pasir berporos tinggi memiliki nilai Vp/Vs 1,4 ndash;1,8. Pada formasi Lower Pematang didapatkan nilai porositas berkisar diantara 10 sampai 18 . Nilai kuantitatif ini dapat dijadikan sebagai reservoar sand yang cukup baik yang tersebar juga di daerah sumur, sedangkan ke arah barat, nilai porositasnya semakin mengecil. Nilai porositas yang tinggi disekitar sumur didukung oleh nilai yang rendah untuk AI dan Vp/Vs.

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Simultaneous inversion studies were performed to characterize the sandstone reservoir in the Lower Pematang formation. The elastic parameters that can be produced from Simultaneous inversion include P impedance, S impedance, and Vp Vs, results of a sensitivity test on the well data shows that Acoustic Impedance and Vp Vs with the main parameters of VCL, porosity and water saturation can separate the lithological well, but not able to separate the fluid due to minimal separation. So in this study, referring to the parameters of the sensitivity test results, an inversion is conducted to separate the lithology and the spread of the sandstone reservoir based on the Acoustic Impedance AI and Vp Vs. High porous sand has a lower Vp Vs value compared to low porous sandstones. The high porous sandstone target reservoir has a value of Vp Vs 1.4 to 1.8. In the formation of Lower Pematang obtained porosity value ranges between 10 to 18 . This quantitative value can be used as a reservoir sand are quite well spread also in the area of the well, while to the west, the value of porosity has narrowed. High porosity values around the well are supported by low values for AI and Vp Vs.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Batumerah area is located in the Aru Basin, offshore South Papua. One well has already been drilled in this area and gave inconclusive gas discovery. The well indicates that there may have good potential reservoir zone, but no definite information was gathered from the well to confirm the statement. A comprehensive evaluation like reservoir characterization study by integrating well data, seismic data and geological interpretation is required to resolve this uncertainty and predict the hydrocarbon potential of the Batumerah area. Due to limited well data, the most applicable reservoir characterization study in Batumerah Area is Seismic Simultaneous Inversion. Simultaneous inversion is a relatively new and extremely powerful form of inversion. The detailed technique essentially takes several seismic angle stacks and inverts them simultaneously. The result is two primary volumes of absolute rock properties tightly calibrated to the well log data: P-Impedance and S-Impedance. Additional outputs include: Vp/Vs, porosity and Lambda Rho volumes. Having these extra datasets take the explorationist into a new world of possibilities. The application of a simultaneous inversion algorithm to the seismic angle stacks in Batumerah area has demonstrated the ability to minimize uncertainty and addressing some issues regarding the lithology and reservoir properties due to data limitation. Even though most of well log data are derived from model and only one well exists on the inversion area, nevertheless, the simultaneous inversion results that are interpretative results provide best estimation and prediction for reservoir characterization on the Batumerah area.

Abstrak :
Formasi X merupakan target utama di Lapangan Marlin, yang merupakan lapangan gas, berlokasi di Viosca Knoll, lepas pantai Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico. Reservoar yang utama adalah lapisan batupasir tebal, berumur Miosen Tengah, memiliki ciri amalgamated sheet, seperti endapan turbidit pada intraslope basin. Untuk karakterisasi properti batuan di lapangan ini, apabila hanya dengan mengaplikasikan analisis AVO dan impedansi akustik (P-impedansi) saja akan memberikan ketidakpastian yang besar pada hasilnya. Oleh karena itu, Elastic Impedance (EI) dan Simultaneous Inversion diaplikasikan pada interval formasi X ini. Aplikasi metoda inversi EI digunakan untuk memprediksi zona batupasir yang mengandung gas, dengan menggunakan sumur UI-1 dan UI-3 sebagai referensi untuk memprediksi properti reservoir di sumur UI-2, dilanjutkan dengan menganalisis penyebarannya dengan menggunakan partial post stack 3D seismic data. Metoda simultaneous inversion juga telah diaplikasikan sebagai metoda alternatif untuk memprediksi pore gas (Lambda-Rho) dan distribusi porositas, dengan menggunakan partial pre stack 3D seismic data yang diinversi secara simultan; dan dengan menggunakan sumur UI-1 dan UI-3 sebagai referensi untuk memprediksi properti reservoar di sumur UI-2 pada Lapangan Marlin. Kedua metoda tersebut memberikan hasil yang saling mendukung satu sama lainnya. EI dapat memprediksi wet zone pada sumur UI-2 seperti juga halnya simultaneous inversion. Kombinasi hasil kedua metoda tersebut akan mendapatkan perpotongan zona lapisan batupasir, maka zona dengan tingkat kepastian tertinggi atau yang paling mungkin memiliki reservoir batupasir gas dapat dipetakan. Porositas and prediksi pore gas diperkirakan sebesar 20 sampai 30 persen dan 5 sampai 15 GPa*g/cc di dalam lapangan tersebut. Dari hasil studi ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kedua metode ini dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk memprediksi karakter reservoar formasi X di lapangan Marlin dan lapangan lainnya yang memiliki kondisi geologi yang mirip untuk mengurangi ketidakpastian dalam eksplorasi hidrokarbon. ......X formation is the main target of Marlin field, a gas field, situated in Viosca Knoll area, offshore Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico. Main reservoir sands are thick, middle Miocene amalgamated sheet-like turbidite sands deposited in an intraslope basin. The use of AVO analysis and acoustic impedance (P-impedance) only to characterize rock properties in this field will lead us into large uncertainty. Therefore, to overcome that issue, elastic impedance (EI) inversion and simultaneous inversion are introduced and applied within X formation interval. EI inversion is applied to predict gas sand area, using well UI-1 and UI-3 as the reference to predict reservoir properties in UI-2 well, then delineate the area using partial post stack 3D seismic data. Simultaneous inversion is also applied as an alternative method to predict the pore gas (Lambda-Rho) and porosity distribution, using partial pre stack 3D seismic data which are inverted simultaneously; then UI-1 and UI-3 well data which will be used as a reference well for predicting reservoir properties in UI-2 at Marlin field. The results from both methods are supported each other. EI inversion result can predict wet zone in well UI-2 as well as simultaneous inversion result. By combining the two methods and drawing the intersection of the good gas sandstone reservoir from both methods, the maximum confident or the most likely of gas sandstone reservoir area can be delineated. Porosity and pore gas prediction suggested around 20 to 30 percent and 5 to 15 GPa*g/cc respectively, throughout the field. Hence, this combined method could be used as an alternative to predict X reservoir properties in Marlin field or could be applied to other fields with similar geological condition to reduce exploration uncertainty.

Abstrak :
[Lapangan AAA merupakan salah satu lapangan gas terbesar di Indonesia. Karakteristik reservoir bagian dangkal lapangan ini berupa batuan pasir dengan lingkungan pengendapan fluvio deltaik berupa channel yang tebal dan diisi gas pada formasi Kampung Baru. Untuk pemetaan reservoir dan hidrocarbon di daerah ini, tidak dapat dilakukan dengan metode inversi akustik impedance (AI) karena pada kasus ini AI tidak dapat digunakan untuk memisahkan jenis litologi. Dari hasil analisa sensitivitas didapatkan informasi bahwa log densitas dan log Gamma Ray (GR) dapat digunakan untuk memisahkan lithology dan log Lamda-Rho (LR), VP/VS, Poison’s Ratio (PR), Lamda/Mu (L/M) dapat digunakan untuk memisahkan fluida. Metode inversi simultan digunakan untuk menghitung atribut densitas dan LR dari seismik sehingga dapat diketahui sebaran litologi dan fluida pada daerah ini. Untuk selanjutnya hasil inversi tersebut digunakan dalam pemodelan geologi statik untuk menghitung cadangan. Hasil inversi simultan memperlihatkan ada dua daerah prospek yang besar yaitu pada daerah sumur 3A55 atau segmen AA dan daerah sumur 3G51 atau segmen G. Kedua prospek ini berada pada zona antara marker MFB-MF1 tepatnya pada zona A205 pada model statik yang telah di buat. Hasil perhitungan cadangan pada zona ini di dapatkan cadangan sebesar setengah dari total cadangan area yang di pelajari pada penelitian ini.;AAA field is one of the largest gas fields in Indonesia. Reservoir characteristics of the shallow part of this field are sandstone with depositional environment fluvio deltaik with thick channel and the gas filled formation of Kampung Baru. Reservoirs and hydrocarbon mapping in this area, cannot be done with an acoustic impedance inversion method (AI) because of the results of the sensitivity analysis AI cannot separate the existing lithology and fluid. From the results of the sensitivity analysis is also obtained information that the log density and log Gamma Ray (GR) can be used to separate lithology and log Lamda-Rho (LR), VP / VS, Poison's Ratio (PR), Lamda / Mu (L / M) can be used to separate the fluid. Simultaneous inversion method is used to calculate the density and LR attribute that can be known from this attribute the lithology and fluid distribution in this area. Then the result of the seismic attribute was used in geology static model building process for volume calculation purpose. Simultaneous inversion results shows that there are two major areas, namely the prospect area or segment of the 3A55 well areas or segment AA and 3G51 well areas or segment G. Both of these prospects located in the zone between the MFB-MF1 markers exactly on the A205 zone on static models that have been made. The result of calculation of reserves in this zone is half of the total reserves in this studied area, AAA field is one of the largest gas fields in Indonesia. Reservoir characteristics of the shallow part of this field are sandstone with depositional environment fluvio deltaik with thick channel and the gas filled formation of Kampung Baru. Reservoirs and hydrocarbon mapping in this area, cannot be done with an acoustic impedance inversion method (AI) because of the results of the sensitivity analysis AI cannot separate the existing lithology and fluid. From the results of the sensitivity analysis is also obtained information that the log density and log Gamma Ray (GR) can be used to separate lithology and log Lamda-Rho (LR), VP / VS, Poison's Ratio (PR), Lamda / Mu (L / M) can be used to separate the fluid. Simultaneous inversion method is used to calculate the density and LR attribute that can be known from this attribute the lithology and fluid distribution in this area. Then the result of the seismic attribute was used in geology static model building process for volume calculation purpose. Simultaneous inversion results shows that there are two major areas, namely the prospect area or segment of the 3A55 well areas or segment AA and 3G51 well areas or segment G. Both of these prospects located in the zone between the MFB-MF1 markers exactly on the A205 zone on static models that have been made. The result of calculation of reserves in this zone is half of the total reserves in this studied area]

Abstrak :
Telah terlaksana sebuah penelitian pada lapangan Sungai Lilin dengan reservoir batupasir di Cekungan Sumatra Selatan. Analisis geologi regional menyimpulkan bahwa reservoir dengan kualitas baik terletak pada formasi Talang Akar dan formasi Baturaja. Pada lapangan Sungai Lilin ini memiliki data seismik dan data sumur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode simultaneous inversion serta transformasi LMR. Penelitian ini berfokus pada kedalaman sekitar 720 ms 772 m hingga 860 ms 932 m seismik merupakan target kedalaman yang menjadi daerah interest untuk melakukan Inversi dan melakukan karakterisasi reservoir. Hasil Inversi Simultan menghasilkan penampang dengan parameter impedansi P, impedansi S dan densitas. Parameter-parameter hasil Inversi Simultan ditransformasi sehingga menghasilkan LMR. LMR terdiri dari Lambda-Rho dan Mu-Rho yang masing-masing berhubungan dengan rigiditas batuan dan inkompresibilitas fluida. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan persebaran reservoir yang berpotensi di dalam pori-pori batupasir dan batu karbonat di formasi Talang Akar dan formasi Baturaja.

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This research on Sungai Lilin field with sandstones reservoir in the South Sumatra Basin has been done. Geology analysis summarized that a good quality of reservoir is in the Talang Akar Formation and Baturaja Formation. Sungai Lilin field already has Seismic data and well log data as well. This research used the simultaneous inversion method and then LMR transformation. The target research focused on 720 ms 772 m until 860 ms 932 m of depth which was as interest area to characterize the reservoir. The simultaneous inversion method yielded P impedance, S impedance and density parameter. And then, these parameters were transformed to LMR. LMR consists of Lambda Rho and Mu Rho which represent the incompressibility of pore fluid content and the rigidity of rocks. This research result shows that the potential reservoir is in pores of sandstone and limestone in Talang Akar formation and Baturaja formation.

Abstrak :
ABSTRACT
Telah berhasil dilakukan karakterisasi pada reservoir karbonat menggunakan simultaneous inversion pada lapangan x untuk mengetahui litologi dan kandungan fluida pada lapangan X. Reservoir tersebut berupa reef karbonat pada formasi Tuban yang terletak di cekungan Jawa Timur bagian Utara. Reservoir karbonat berbeda dengan reservoir lainnya dikarenakan karbonat memilik tingkat heterogenitas yang tinggi serta dapat mengalami diagenesa. Inversi Simultan digunakan pada penelitian kali ini dikarenakan dapat menghasilkan parameter impedansi akustik, impedansi shear, dan densitas secara simultan. 3 output dalam inversi simultan kemudian akan dilakukan transformsi untuk mendapatkan parameter lame yaitu Lambda Rho yang sensitif terhadap fluida serta Mu Rho yang sensitif terhadap litologi. Diharapkan parameter Lame dapat mempertajam Identifikasi litologi maupun fluida yang berada di reservoir. Vp/Vs ratio juga dapat dimunculkan dengan bantuan dari ketiga output inversi simultan tersebut yang berguna juga untuk menganalisis fluida. Inversi Simultan yang dilakukan pada lapangan xdikontrol oleh dua sumur yaitu M01 dan M02 yang masing-masing diantaranya hanya berbeda 1 inline. Input data seismik yang digunakan pada penelitian kali ini adalah data angle gather. Berdasarkan analisis dari Lambda Mu Rho serta Vp/Vs ratio, zona target sumur M01 dan M02 memiliki potensi sebagai reservoir hidrokarbon. Indikasi hidrokarbon ini ditunjukan dari analisis crossplot Vp/Vs vs Lambda Rho dengan nilai Vp/Vs berkisar 1.7-1.8 dan Lambda Rho berkisar 40-60 Gpa g/cc dengan nilai Mu Rho berkisar 40 ndash; 80 Gpa g/cc. Dari nilai tersebut dapat dibuat slicing untuk mengetahui litologi dan arah penyebaran kandungan hidrokarbon dan arah sebarannya mengarah ke arah Barat Laut untuk litologi dan kandungan fluida hidrokarbon.

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ABSTRACT
Carbonate Reservoir have been characterized in X field using Simultaneous Inversion to determine lithology and fluid content. This reservoir located in Nort East Java Basin in the form of big Reef Carbonate on Tuban Formation. Carbonate Reservoir has unique charateristics than the other reservoir because its heterogenities and diagenesis can be occured. Simultaneous Inversion used in this study because it can generate accoustic impedance, shear impedance and density simultaneously. Those 3 outputs then can be transformed to extract Lambda Rho which is sensitive to fluid content and Mu Rho which is sensitive to lithology. Vp Vs also can be generated from those 3 outputs which is usefull to determine fluid content. Hopefully, those parameters can be used to sharpen analysis about lithology and fluid content. Simultaneous inversion which used in X Field controlled by 2 wells, M01 and M02 which respectively only space for 1 inline. Seismic input on this study using angle gather. Based on analysis from Lambda Mu Rho and Vp Vs ratio, this reservoir has potential hidrocarbon inside. Hidrocarbon is indicated from crossplot Vp Vs vs Lambda Rho, Vp Vs is about 1.7 ndash 1.8 and Lambda Rho is about 40 ndash 60 Gpa g cc and Mu rho is about 40 ndash 80 Gpa g cc from Mu Rho vs Densitys Crossplot. Then Slicing can be generated to determine distribution of lithology and fluid content and the spreading delineated to North West for lithology and hidrocarbon fluid itself.

Abstrak :
ABSTRAK
Studi inversi AVO melalui pendekatan simultaneous inversion di lapangan Alpha didesain untuk mendapatkan model geologi dan geofisika di lapangan tersebut, termasuk didalamnya distribusi dan geometri reservoar serta identifikasi fluida hidrokarbon. Simultaneous inversion dilakukan pada data seismik angle stack dan ditujukan untuk menghitung parameter elastis seperti densitas, Vp, Vs, impedansi akustik (Zp) dan impedansi shear (Zs). Parameter tersebut selanjutnya digunakan untuk karakterisasi reservoar deltaik dan mendelineasi hidrokarbon melalui pendekatan lambda mu rho. Sebagai komparasi, dilakukan pula analisis atribut berbasis amplitude pada data post stack dan angle-stack Lapangan Alpha merupakan bagian dari Sanga-Sanga PSC dan terletak dibagian selatan cekungan Kutai. Tebal reservoar batupasir umumnya kurang dari 10 meter dan interbedded dengan coal. Seismically, batupasir dibawah resolusi tuning thickness serta refleksi coal yang kuat berinterferensi dengan data seismik post-stack konvensional. Penampang impedansi akustik (Zp) turunan dari metoda ini telah memberikan pemahaman yang lebih baik mengenai konektivitas, kontinyuitas, dan kompleksitas reservoar deltaik secara vertikal, terutama pada area-area disekitar kontrol sumur. Namun demikian, hasil simultaneous inversion secara umum menunjukkan bahwa metoda LMR tidak memberikan separasi litologi dan identifikasi kandungan fluida sesuai yang diharapkan. Sebaliknya, analisis atribut berbasis amplitude pada data post-stack dan far-angle stack memberikan hasil interpretasi yang lebih memuaskan.

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Abstract
The Alpha field simultaneous AVO inversion study was designed to provide geological and geophysical model in the field including reservoir distribution and geometry, and fluid potential identification. Simultaneous inversion was performed in seismic angle stack volumes to obtain elastic parameters such as density, Vp, Vs, acoustic impedance (Zp) and shear impedance (Zs). Those parameters are used to characterize reservoir and delineate hydrocarbon throughout lambda mu rho approaches. Moreover, amplitude-based attribute analysis also done to compare and complete the analysis. The study area is located in the sanga-sanga PSC to the south of Kutai basin. The reservoir sands, statistically are less than 10 meters and inter-bedded with coals. Seismically, the reservoir sands are below seismic tuning thickness resolution and strong coal reflections interfere with the conventional post-stack seimic data. The acoustic impedance section derived from this study has been giving better understanding relates to reservoir connectivity, continuity, and complexity of the deltaic reservoir, mainly in the area which closes to the well control. However, results of inversion in general cannot meet the expectation of giving good lithology separation and fluid content identification. On the other hand, amplitude-based attribute analysis on post-stack and far-angle stack volume gives more specific result in terms of reservoir geometry and fluid identification.