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"Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis renewable diesel dari minyak jarak kepyar yang direaksikan melalui perengkahan katalitik termal dengan metode indirect contact, dan dilakukan beberapa variasi pengujian pada suhu operasi di 370 oC dan 400 oC, menguji penggunaan katalis MgO dengan variasi %berat katalis pada 2% dan 4%, dan dengan dialirkan atau tidaknya gas nitrogen pada reaksi. Hasil dari reaksi ini telah menghasilkan sampel dengan persentasi tertinggi pada nilai konversi sebesar 51,88% dan yield sebesar 63,14%. Hasil tersebut didapatkan pada kondisi operasi 400 oC, 2%berat katalis, dan tanpa menggunakan gas nitrogen. Dari segi karakteristik pun berhasil memenuhi standar SNI 8220:2017. Meskipun begitu, hasil sampel dari penelitian ini tidak dapat dianggap sebagai renewable diesel dikarenakan tidak terkandungnya fraksi rantai karbon C12 hingga C18. Walaupun demikian, ketidakberhasilan ini menghadirkan perspektif baru dalam produksi renewable product berupa senyawa heptaldehyde dan undecylenic acid, dengan yield sebesar 10,33% dan 30,56%, yang berguna bagi industri kosmetik, obat-obatan, dan parfum

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This study aimed to synthesize renewable diesel product, through catalytic thermal cracking of castor oil using MgO catalyst in the process. The reaction was done with an indirect method and carried out with several variation testing of operating conditions, with an operating temperature of 370 oC dan 400 oC, the use of MgO catalyst in 2%wt and 4%wt, and also the use of nitrogen gas flow. The results of this study have produced the sample at operating conditions of 400 oC, 2%wt of MgO catalyst, and without the use of nitrogen gas flow, resulting in 51.88% conversion and 63.14% yield. By characteristics, it also met the quality standard of SNI 8220:2017. Unfortunately, the sample resulting from this reaction cannot be considered as renewable diesel since it does not contain C12 to C18 carbon fractions. However, this failure presents a new perspective on producing renewable products in the form of heptaldehyde and undecylenic acid, with 10.33% and 30.56% yield, which are useful in other chemical industries such as cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and perfume."

"This book provides a State of the Art Report (STAR) produced by RILEM Technical Committee 254-CMS ‘Thermal Cracking of Mas-sive Concrete Structures’. Several recent developments related to the old problem of understanding/predicting stresses originated from the evolution of the hydration of concrete are at the origin of the creation this technical committee. Having identified a lack in the organization of up-to-date scientific and technological knowledge about cracking induced by hydration heat effects, this STAR aims to provide both practitioners and scientists with a deep integrated overview of consolidated knowledge, together with recent developments on this subject."

"Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia merupakan salah satu fakultas rumpun ilmu sains dan teknologi universitas indonesia, yang berada di bawah Universitas Indonesia, dan termasuk ke dalam salah satu fakultas dengan penghasil limbah B3 cair dalam jumlah yang besar. Analisis dan simulasi pemodelan, melalui perangkat lunak VENSIM, dilakukan untuk limbah cair anorganik di laboratorium. Nilai laju timbulan yang didapatkan adalah sebesar 0,66 L/praktikan.minggu untuk Laboratorium Departemen Teknik Sipil dan Lingkungan, serta 3 L/praktikan.minggu untuk laboratorium Departemen Teknik Kimia. Hasil pemodelan selama 10 tahun menunjukkan bahwa timbulan limbah B3 cair anorganik memiliki nilai puncak sebesar 754,85 L. Nilai tersebut berpengaruh kepada pengujian total biaya pengelolaan, dengan besar Rp5.965.150,00, di minggu inisial. Dalam hal ini, skenario intervensi yang diberikan adalah penambahan luas TPS, penambahan jumlah pengangkutan, dan penggunaan thermal cracking unit. Analisis untuk ketiga skenario menunjukkan bahwa skenario terbaik adalah penambahan jumlah pengangkutan, dengan total biaya sebesar Rp13.765.150,00. Sesuai dengan hasil pemodelan, skenario tersebut akan diperlukan pada minggu ke 489, yang disebabkan lebih lanjut akibat kenaikan jumlah civitas FTUI, sebagai parameter yang paling sensitif terhadap perubahan timbulan limbah B3 cair anorganik. Keberadaan limbah anorganik yang berlebihan di lingkungan dapat memberikan dampak buruk jika secara kontinu tidak dilaksanakan fungsi pengelolaan yang memadai.

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The Faculty of Engineering, University of Indonesia is one of the faculties of the science and technology cluster at the University of Indonesia, which is under the University of Indonesia, and is included in one of the faculties that produce large amounts of liquid B3 waste. Analysis and modeling simulations, via VENSIM software, were performed for inorganic wastewater in the laboratory. The generation rate obtained was 0.66 L/practitioner.week for the Laboratory of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, and 3 L/practice.week for the laboratory of the Department of Chemical Engineering. The results of modeling for 10 years show that the generation of inorganic liquid B3 waste has a peak value of 754.85 L. This value affects the total management cost test, with an amount of IDR 5,965,150.00, in the initial week. In this case, the intervention scenario provided is to increase the TPS area, increase the number of transports, and use a thermal cracking unit. The analysis for the three scenarios shows that the best scenario is an additional number of transportation, with a total cost of IDR 13,765,150.00. In accordance with the modeling results, this scenario will be required in week 489, which is further due to the increase in the number of FTUI members, as the parameter that is most sensitive to changes in the generation of liquid inorganic B3 waste. The existence of excessive inorganic waste in the environment can have a negative impact if adequate management functions are not carried out continuously."

"Proses perengkahan katalitik termal pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengolah lemak hewani menjadi bahan bakar bio. Pada penelitian ini, bahan bakar bio jenis disintesis dari lemak sapi dalam reaktor autoclave berpengaduk menggunakan katalis MgO dengan variabel perbedaan suhu (370℃ dan 400℃) dan jumlah katalis yang digunakan sebanyak 3%wt dan 5%wt dari berat umpan. Reaksi dilakukan dengan harapan mendapatkan yield dan konversi terbaik dari keempat sampel, sehingga dapat ditentukan pengaruh kondisi operasi untuk sintesis renewable jet fuel. Setelah berhasil disintesis produk cair organik didistilasi untuk mendapatkan fraksi renewable jet fuel dan dikarakterisasi berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) dan ASTM D7566 untuk melihat nilai viskositas, bilangan asam, densitas, titik beku, dan bilangan iodin, serta menggunakan Gas Cromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) untuk mengidentifikasi fraksi komponen dan Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) untuk mengidentifikasi gugus fungsi dari hasil sintesis. Renewable jet fuel akan dibandingkan antar sampel untuk memperoleh karakteristik terbaik yang kemudian akan dibandingkan dengan avtur konvensional. Persentase nilai konversi dan yield tertinggi diperoleh pada sampel RJF-D dengan suhu 400℃ dan katalis MgO sebanyak 5% wt, diperoleh konversi sebesar 38,25% dan yield sebesar 14,75%. Dari hasil pengujian sampel terbaik yaitu sampel RJF-D diperoleh spesifikasi renewable jet fuel seperti densitas dan viskositas sudah memenuhi standar SNI, sehingga sampel RJF-D dapat dicampur dengan avtur bersandar SNI sehingga dapat menghasilkan avtur berstandar ASTM D7566 dengan kadar campuran maksimal 17,17%.

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The thermal catalytic cracking process in this study aims to process animal fats into biofuels. In this study, biofuel was synthesized from beef tallow in a stirred autoclave reactor using MgO as a catalyst with a variable temperature difference (370℃ and 400℃) and the amount of catalyst used was 3%wt and 5%wt of the weight of the feed. The reaction was carried out in the hope of obtaining the best yield and conversion from the four samples, so that the effect of operating conditions on the synthesis of renewable jet fuel could be determined. After successfully synthesized, the organic liquid product was distilled to obtain a renewable jet fuel fraction and characterized based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) and ASTM D7566 to see the value of viscosity, acid number, density, freezing point, and iodine number, as well as using Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) to identify component fractions and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to identify functional groups of the synthesized products. Renewable jet fuel will be compared between samples to obtain the best characteristics which will then be compared with conventional jet fuel. The highest percentage of conversion value and yield was obtained in the RJF-D sample with a temperature of 400℃ and as much as 5%wt MgO catalyst, 38.25% conversion and 14.75% yield were obtained. From the results of testing the best sample, namely the RJF-D sample, the specifications for renewable jet fuel such as density and viscosity have met the SNI standard, so that the RJF-D sample can be mixed with SNI-based jet fuel so that it can produce jet fuel with ASTM D7566 standard with a maximum mixture content of 17.17%."