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"Indonesia is one of the countries which has many maritime security issues that needs to be managed appropriately through defense diplomacy approach, including the ASEAN framework. ADMM Plus on Maritime Security as the highest defense forum and dialog in ASEAN on maritime security issues is expected to be able to build confidence building measures and mutual trust between ASEAN member states and non-member states in solving maritime security issues. However, some goals have not been achieved due to many complex problems on maritime security in domestic sphere. This paper will use securitization theory, defense diplomacy concept, and maritime security concept for analyzing the maritime security issues in Indonesia which need securitization for supporting its defense diplomacy at ADMM Plus on Maritime Security. However, the securitization progress faced several challenges coming from various aspects, especially the habit of political leaders that only use maritime security as political instrument without concerning to the real security issues."

"Kajian ini menganalisis upaya diplomasi pertahanan oleh Indonesia dalam mencapai keamanan siber melalui keikutsertaannya dalam forum ADMM-Plus tahun 2014-2019. Dengan menggunakan teori pendekatan Diplomasi Pertahanan dan metodologi penelitian kualitatif, kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 3 variabel dari diplomasi pertahanan yang mendorong Indonesia untuk menggunakan forum ADMM-Plus sebagai salah satu upaya demi meningkatkan kapabilitas keamanan siber yang dimilikinya dan mendeskripsikan perkembangan capaian-capaian oleh Indonesia dalam masing-masing variabel tersebut. Tiga variabel tersebut ialah: defense diplomacy for confidence building measures, defense diplomacy for defense capabilitie, dan defense diplomacy for defense industry. Analisis kajian ini menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia masih terdapat pada titik awal dalam upaya pembangunan kapabilitas siber yang dimilikinya dan juga terdapat kebutuhan untuk berkerjasama dengan negara-negara lain, baik sesama negara anggota ASEAN maupun negara-negara mitranya, untuk mengatasi berbagai permasalahan keamanan siber yang sifatnya “borderless”. Dengan demikian, forum ADMM-Plus menjadi sarana bagi Indonesia untuk mengadakan kerjasama dengan negara lain dalam bidang keamanan siber.

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This study analyses the defense diplomacy by Indonesia in an effort to achieving cyber security through its participation in ADMM-Plus forum in 2014-2019. By using defense diplomacy theory approach and qualitative research method, this study shows there are 3 variables of defense diplomacy that push Indonesia to utilise ADMM-Plus forum as one of its effort to strengthen its cyber security capability and this study describes the progress of achievement that Indonesia has obtained. The three variables are defense diplomacy for confidence building measures, defense diplomacy for defense capabilities, and defense diplomacy for defense industry. The analysis of this study shows that Indonesia is still at starting point in its effort to strengthen its cyber security capability and there is a necessity to cooperate with other countries from ASEAN and also its partners to address any cyber security problems that “borderless” in nature. Thus, ADMM-Plus forum serves as an avenue for Indonesia to cooperate with other countries concerning cyber security."

"Kehadiran CSCAP dan ARF telah menjadi titik awal munculnya berbagai inisiatif kerja sama keamanan multilateral di Asia-Pasifik pasca Perang Dingin. Pada tataran empiris, kehadiran inisiatif ini turut diikuti dengan perkembangan pembahasannya dalam literatur. Oleh karenanya, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk meninjau perkembangan literatur mengenai inisiatif kerja sama keamanan multilateral di Asia-Pasifik pasca Perang Dingin dengan menganalisis 47 literatur terakreditasi internasional yang membahas topik ini. Berdasarkan pada metode taksonomi, literatur tersebut dibagi ke dalam enam kategori, yaitu: (1) inisiatif dan karakteristik kerja sama keamanan multilateral di Asia-Pasifik pasca Perang Dingin, (2) motif kehadiran aktor non-Asia Tenggara dalam inisiatif (3) persepsi aktor non-Asia Tenggara terhadap kepemimpinan ASEAN dalam mayoritas inisiatif keamanan di AsiaPasifik, (4) motif keterlibatan negara-negara Asia Tenggara dalam inisiatif, (5) persepsi negara-negara Asia Tenggara terhadap inisiatif, dan (6) pandangan akademisi terhadap inisiatif tersebut. Tinjauan pustaka ini berupaya untuk menyingkap konsensus, perdebatan, kesenjangan literatur, dan menunjukkan sejumlah tren, seperti persebaran tema, persebaran asal penulis, serta persebaran perspektif atas topik ini. Tinjauan pustaka ini mengidentifikasi bahwa inisiatif dan karakteristik kerja sama keamanan multilateral di Asia-Pasifik pasca Perang Dingin merupakan tema paling dominan dalam pengkajian topik ini, sementara Realisme merupakan perspektif yang paling dominan digunakan dalam literatur. Tinjauan pustaka ini turut merekomendasikan sejumlah agenda untuk penulisan lanjutan.

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The presence of CSCAP and ARF has become the starting point for the formation of postCold War multilateral security cooperation initiatives in Asia-Pacific. At the empirical level, the presence of the initiatives were followed by its development in literatures. Therefore, this paper aims to review this topic by analyzing 47 internationally accredited literatures. Based on taxonomy method, the literatures will be divided into six theme-based categories which consist of: (1) initiatives and characteristics of security cooperation in Asia-Pacific, (2) motives behind the presence of non-Southeast Asian actors, (3) perceptions of non-Southeast Asian actors towards ASEAN leadership in the majority of initiatives, (4) motives behind the involvement of Southeast Asian countries, and (5) their perceptions towards the initiatives, (6) academic views on the initiatives. This literature review seeks to unveil the consensus, debates, and gaps of this topic. Besides, it also seeks to show some trends in the writing of this topic such as the distribution of its themes, authors' origin, and the paradigmatic trend. This literature review identifies that initiatives and characteristics of Post-Cold War Multilateral Security Cooperation in Asia-Pacific is the most dominant theme in the literatures, while Realism is the most dominant perspective used by the literatures. It then recommends some proposed further researches

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