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"Saat ini kebutuhan nitrogliserin di Indonesia yang besarnya ± 657,89 Ton/tahun, diperoleh dari luar negeri. Jumlahnya tidak besar, namun karena nitrogliserin merupakan bahan strategis, maka BPPIT Dephankam merasa perlu untuk memikirkan pengadaanya di dalam negeri. Nitrogliserin dapat dibuat dengan cara nitrasi gliserin dengan campuran asam nitrat dan asam sulfat, ketiga bahan-bahan tersebut, telah dapat dibuat di dalam negeri. Diharapkan nitrogliserin sebagai bahan baku peledak dapat dibuat di dalam negeri, dengan demikian dapat dihindarkan ketergantungan dari Iuar negeri. Hasil maksimum nitrogliserin yang diperoleh, ternyata didapat dari gliserin dengan campuran asam HNO3 dan H2SO4 (4 : 6). Faktor-faktor lain yang menentukan besarnya hasil adalah temperatur reaktor dan kecepatan aliran penambahan gliserin. Temperatur optimum adalah antara 25 - 30 °C sedangkan kecepatan aliran penambahan gliserin 0,45 mL/menit. Hasil pengujian sifat-sifat fisik maupun kimia dari nitrogliserin seperti kandungan Nitrogen, massa jenis, indeks bias, drop test, FT-IR, test penguapan, test pembakaran, menunjukkan bahwa nitrogliserin yang dihasilkan memenuhi spesifikasi bahan baku peledak. Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa bahan baku dalam negeri dapat digunakan untuk membuat nitrogliserin.

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The need for nitroglycerin in Indonesia, which is around 657,89 tons per year; is obtained. From abroad although it is only a small amount, nitroglycerin is a very strategic material, therefore it is necessary for BPPIT of the department of defense to start thinking for producing it in the country.

Nitroglycerin can be made by nitration of glycerin with a mixture of nitric acid and sulphuric acid and those three materials, are available in Indonesia. It's hoped that nitroglycerin can be produced Indonesia, so that we don't always depend to other countries.

The maximum result of glycerin. Was obtained when glycerin was mixed with a mixture of HNO3 and H2SO4 (4:6). The other factors that determine the end product are temperature in reactor and the flow of glycerin addition. The optimum temperature was 25 - 30 °C and the flow of glycerin addition was 0,45 mL/minute.

The testing result of physical and chemical properties of nitroglycerin such as the nitrogen content, density, refractor index, the drop test, IR absorption, evaporation test, burning test, showed that the nitroglycerin we produced in our laboratory met the requirement as an explosive material.

The conclusion of this research is that the local materials can be used to produce nitroglycerin."

"[Bidang pertahanan dan keamanan negara merupakan salah satu aspek yang diperhatikan oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari upaya Pemerintah dengan memberikan insentif berupa pembebasan PPN atas penyerahan dan imporkomponen atau bahan senjata dan amunisi dan juga atas penyerahan senjata dan amunisi. Diberikannya insentif ini diharapkan mampu memenuhi kebutuhan perlengkapan pertahanan dan keamanan khususnya senjata dan amunisi. Skripsi ini membahas mengenai insentif pembebasan PPN tersebut ditinjau dari manfaatnya bagi PT (Persero) PINDAD selaku pihak produsen yang dilibatkan untuk mencapai tujuan insentif tersebut dan eksternalitasnya di masyarakat (its costs to society). Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasilpenelitian menemukan bahwa insentif pembebasan PPN ini tidak hanya menimbulkan potensi manfaat bagi PT (Persero) PINDAD tetapi juga menimbulkan costs bagi pihak produsen tersebut.

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The field of national defense and security is one aspect that is considered by the Indonesian government. It can be seen from the efforts of the Government by providing incentives in the form of VAT exemption on the transfer and import of components or materials of weapons and ammunition, and also on the transfer of weapons and ammunition. The granting of this incentive is expected to fulfill the needs of defense and security supplies, especially weapons and ammunition. This research discusses about the VAT exemption incentives in terms of benefits for PT (Persero) PINDAD as the producers involved to achieve the purposes of these incentives and externalities on society (its costs to society). This research is

quantitative with descriptive design. The study found that this VAT exemption is not only poses a potential benefits for PT (Persero) PINDAD but also raises the costs.;The field of national defense and security is one aspect that is considered by the

Indonesian government. It can be seen from the efforts of the Government by

providing incentives in the form of VAT exemption on the transfer and import of

components or materials of weapons and ammunition, and also on the transfer of

weapons and ammunition. The granting of this incentive is expected to fulfill the

needs of defense and security supplies, especially weapons and ammunition.

This research discusses about the VAT exemption incentives in terms of benefits for

PT (Persero) PINDAD as the producers involved to achieve the purposes of these

incentives and externalities on society (its costs to society). This research is

quantitative with descriptive design. The study found that this VAT exemption is not

only poses a potential benefits for PT (Persero) PINDAD but also raises the costs.;The field of national defense and security is one aspect that is considered by the

Indonesian government. It can be seen from the efforts of the Government by

providing incentives in the form of VAT exemption on the transfer and import of

components or materials of weapons and ammunition, and also on the transfer of

weapons and ammunition. The granting of this incentive is expected to fulfill the

needs of defense and security supplies, especially weapons and ammunition.

This research discusses about the VAT exemption incentives in terms of benefits for

PT (Persero) PINDAD as the producers involved to achieve the purposes of these

incentives and externalities on society (its costs to society). This research is

quantitative with descriptive design. The study found that this VAT exemption is not

only poses a potential benefits for PT (Persero) PINDAD but also raises the costs., The field of national defense and security is one aspect that is considered by the

Indonesian government. It can be seen from the efforts of the Government by

providing incentives in the form of VAT exemption on the transfer and import of

components or materials of weapons and ammunition, and also on the transfer of

weapons and ammunition. The granting of this incentive is expected to fulfill the

needs of defense and security supplies, especially weapons and ammunition.

This research discusses about the VAT exemption incentives in terms of benefits for

PT (Persero) PINDAD as the producers involved to achieve the purposes of these

incentives and externalities on society (its costs to society). This research is

quantitative with descriptive design. The study found that this VAT exemption is not

only poses a potential benefits for PT (Persero) PINDAD but also raises the costs.]"

"Agresi Militer Belanda II (1948-1949) di Indonesia merupakan aksi militer yang mengundang banyak kecaman dari berbagai pihak. Penelitian ini membahas tentang pandangan dan pemberitaan Agresi Militer Belanda II (1948-1949) dari surat kabar Belanda, De Waarheid. Data yang digunakan adalah terbitan De Waarheid edisi Mei 1949-Desember 1949. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri dari menentukan topik, pengumpulan data (heuristik), verifikasi data, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Pada tahap interpretasi digunakan model framing Robert Entman (1993). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa surat kabar De Waarheid memiliki corak pemberitaan yang cenderung menentang Agresi Militer II yang dilakukan Belanda terhadap Indonesia. Selain itu, De Waarheid yang sekaligus surat kabar partai CPN (Communistische Partij van Nederland) menggunakan isu Agresi Militer Belanda II sebagai bahan kampanye partai CPN dalam pemilu. Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah tidak semua pihak di Belanda setuju dengan aksi militer di Indonesia. Ada pihak yang menentang aksi militer Belanda di Indonesia. Salah satunya adalah partai komunis yang memanfaatkan isu tersebut untuk kepentingan partainya.

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The Dutch Military Aggression II (1948-1949) in Indonesia was a military action that drew criticism from various parties. This study discusses the point of view and reports of Dutch Military Aggression II (1948-1949) from the Dutch newspaper, De Waarheid. The data in this study used De Waarheid’s issue of May 1949-December 1949 edition. This study used the historical method consisting of topic selection, source collection (heuristics), source verification, interpretation, and then historiography. At the interpretation stage, used the framing model Robert Entman (1993). The results of this study shows that De Waarheid newspaper has a reporting style that tends to against Military Aggression II by the Dutch to Indonesia. In addition, De Waarheid all at once the newspaper of the CPN party (Communistische Partij van Nederland) uses the issue of Dutch Military Aggression II as campaign material for the CPN party in the election. The conclusion of this research is that not all parties in the Netherlands agree with the military action in Indonesia. There are those who oppose the Dutch military action in Indonesia. One of them is the communist party who uses the issue for the benefit of his party."