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Abstrak :
Data perbankan menunjukkan bahwa trend perbankan di Indonesia mulai melihat pendapatan pendapatan selain bunga, khususnya fee based income. Hal ini membawa konsekuensi apakah akan menambah jumlah pendapatan bank secara total dan mengurangi risiko rentabilitas dengan semakin beragamnya jenis keuntungan, yang memerlukan kajian mendalam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pendapatan selain bunga, khususnya fee based income terhadap risiko rentabilitas bank umum konvensional di Indonesia. Objek penelitian adalah seluruh bank umum konvensional yang dikelompokan berdasarkan kepemilikan atas dasar pengelompokan yang dilakukan oleh Bank Indonesia dengan dibagi menjadi tiga periodisasi data, yaitu sebelum krisis keuangan tahun 2004-2006, saat terjadinya krisis keuangan global tahun 2007-2009, dan pasca krisis keuangan tahun 2010-2013. Faktor-faktor yang diuji pengaruhnya adalah fee based income, pendapatan selain bunga, standar deviasi Return On Asset, standar deviasi Return on Equity dan standar deviasi Biaya Operasional/Pendapatan Operasional. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan model panel heterogen dan metode regresi linier berganda, menggunakan data time series secara bulanan selama periode 10 (sepuluh) tahun yaitu tahun 2004 - 2013. Uji regresi menunjukan pengaruh fee based income dan pendapatan selain bunga terhadap risiko rentabilitas berbeda-beda untuk masing-masing kelompok bank dan periode waktu yang berbeda. Alternatif pendapatan selain bunga seperti fee based income, pada saat krisis, hanya kelompok Bank Campuran dan BPD yang berpengaruh signifikan menekan risiko rentabilitas. Dengan demikian selama krisis, kelompok Bank Asing, Bank Persero dan BUSN Devisa yang dominan kontribusi fee based-nya, ternyata tidak berkontribusi mengurangi risiko rentabilitas. Adapun pada BUSN Non Devisa juga menunjukkan hasil uji hipotesis ditolak. ...... Banking data shows that the trend of banking in Indonesia began to look into non interest income rather than interest income, especially fee-based income. This may result in an increase of banks? total revenue and decrease of rentability risk due to various type of profit, which require in-depth review. This research was aimed at studying the influence of non-interest income, in particular fee based income, toward the rentability risk conventional bank in Indonesia. The research object were all commercial conventional banks, classified based on ownership as per Bank Indonesia classification, and divided into 3 (three) data periods, namely prior to financial crises (2004-2006), during the financial crises (2007-2009), and post financial crises (2010-2013). The factors that were being examined are feebased income, non-interest income, standard deviation of Return on Asset, standard deviation of Return on Equity, and standard deviation of Operational Cost/Operational Revenue. The estimation model was conducted using heterogeneous panel and mulitple regression analysis, and the date that were being utilised are monthly time series data for the period of last ten years (2004-2013). Regression test showed that the influence of increases in fee based income and non-interest income was different for each category of banks within different time periods. During the crises, non-interest income alternatives, such as fee-based income, only significant in reducing rentability risks on regional banks and banks owned jointly by foreign and domestic parties. Thus, during the period of crises, banks whose fee-based income was dominant, such as foreign-owned banks, government-owned banks and banks conducting foreign-exchange activities, did not experience reduced rentability risk. As for the banks that did not conduct foreign exchange activities, the results of the hypothesis testing is rejected.

Abstrak :
Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) pada beberapa wilayah di Indonesia yang berdampak kepada perekonomian masyarakat yang menurun termasuk dalam bidang Perbankan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah terdapat perubahan atas kualitas aset bank yang diukur dengan NPL dan tingkat profitabilitas bank yang diukur dengan ROA dan NIM. Serta menguji faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan dari nilai kualitas aset bank (NPL) dan tingkat profitabilitas bank (ROA dan NIM). Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah jenis bank, BOPO, CAR, LDR, NIM, NPL dan SIZE. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Bank Umum Syariah dan Bank Umum Konvensional yang laporan keuangan pada kuartal kedua tahun 2020 telah tersedia di website OJK. Berdasarkan metode Purposive Sampling dengan kriteria tersebut, sampel yang layak digunakan sebanyak 77 bank yaitu 11 Bank Umum Syariah dan 66 Bank Umum Konvensional. Jenis data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dan cross section. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah dependent two variables dan regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa variabel NPL, ROA dan NIM mengalami perubahan yang signifikan pada periode Covid-19. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa faktor-faktor internal bank seperti BOPO, CAR, LDR dan SIZE tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Perubahan NPL, Perubahan ROA dan Perubahan NIM. NIM tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Perubahan NPL dan Perubahan ROA. NPL tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Perubahan NIM dan Perubahan ROA. Serta Jenis Bank tidak berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap Perubahan NPL dan Perubahan ROA, namun berpengaruh terhadap Perubahan NIM. ......The Covid-19 pandemic caused the government to issue Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) policies in several regions in Indonesia that have an impact on the declining economy of the community including in the banking sector. This study aims to test whether there are differences in the bank's asset quality measured by NPL and bank’s level of profitability measured by ROA and NIM. As well as examining the factors that influence changes in the value of bank's asset quality (NPL) and bank’s level of profitability (ROA and NIM). These factors are the type of bank, BOPO, CAR, LDR, NIM, NPL and SIZE. The data used in this study are Sharia Commercial Banks and Conventional Commercial Banks whose financial statements in the second quarter of 2020 are available on the OJK website. Based on Purposive Sampling method with the cryteris, the sample is feasible to use as many as 77 banks, namely 11 Sharia Commercial Banks and 66 Conventional Commercial Banks. The types of data used are secondary and cross section data. The analytical techniques used are dependent two variables and multiple linear regression. The results showed that the NPL, ROA and NIM variables experienced significant differences in the Covid-19 period. This study also found that internal bank factors such as BOPO, CAR, LDR and SIZE did not significantly influence the changes in NPL, changes in ROA and changes in NIM. NIM has no significant effect on changes in NPL and changes in ROA. NPL has no significant effect on changes in NIM and changes in ROA. The type of bank does not have a significant effect on changes in NPL and changes in ROA, but has an effect on changes in NIM.