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Hasil Pencarian

Ditemukan 3 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Sheila Jasmine Meutia Azzara
"Diversifikasi merupakan salah satu opsi strategi dalam pengadaan senjata suatu negara. Strategi ini menjadi ‘jalan tengah’ bagi negara yang belum mampu mencapai derajat kemandirian, tetapi ingin terlepas dari ketergantungan total. Berbagai negara telah melakukan berbagai macam diversifikasi dengan berbagai alasan. Namun, menjadi menarik untuk melihat kasus Indonesia yang tetap melanggengkan diversifikasi meskipun embargo yang menjadi penyebab awal diversifikasi telah dicabut. Penelitian ini membahas faktor pendorong Indonesia menerapkan strategi diversifikasi negara pemasok dalam pengadaan alutsista tahun 2006 hingga 2018 melalui pendekatan bureaucratic politics model. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain eksplanatif. Hasil penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa terdapat persaingan antar aktor yang berkepentingan dalam pembuatan kebijakan pengadaan alutsista. Persaingan aktor ini melahirkan berbagai faktor yang melatarbelakangi tindakan dan keputusan mereka dalam proses pembuatan kebijakan yang berujung pada terjadinya diversifikasi negara pemasok alutsista sebagai keluaran dari proses politik ini. Sehingga, kemudian terlihat bahwa penerapan strategi diversifikasi negara pemasok alutsista membawa berbagai permasalahan dan berujung pada ketidakefektifan pengadaan alutsista. Oleh karena itu, hasil penelitian ini menyarankan pemerintah untuk mengkaji ulang penerapan diversifikasi pengadaan alutsista untuk menyiapkan strategi pengadaan alutsista yang lebih efektif dan efisien di masa mendatang.
......Diversification is one of the strategic options in the arms procurement. This strategy has been believed as a "middle way" for a state that has not been able to achieve a degree of independence, but wants to get rid a total dependence on arms import. Many states have diversified its arms procurement for various reasons. However, it is interesting to see the case of Indonesia which continues to perpetuate diversification even though the embargo that was the initial cause of diversification has been lifted. This study discusses the Indonesia’s driving factors to keep on diversifying supplier countries in its arms procurement rom 2006 to 2018 through the bureaucratic politics model approach. This study uses a qualitative approach with an explanative design. The results of this study conclude that there is competition between actors with an interest in the making of arms procurement policies. The competition of these actors sets in some factors towards their actions and decisions in the policy-making process, which leads to the diversification of the arms supplier countries as a result of this political process. Thus, it appears that the implementation of a diversification strategy brings many problems and leads to ineffective arms procurement. Therefore, the results of this study suggest the government to review the implementation of the arms supplier countries’ diversification to prepare a more effective and efficient arms procurement strategy in the future."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2020
S-pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Armand Luthfan
"Tesis ini menganalisa kebijakan pemerintah tentang e-commerce. Kebijakan tersebut berupa amanat dari Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 74 Tahun 2017 tentang Peta Jalan Sistem Perdagangan Nasional Berbasis Elektronik (Road Map e-Commerce) 2017-2019. Kebijakan tersebut mengamanatkan kepada Kementerian/Lembaga terkait untuk menyelesaikan formulasi Rancangan Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Perdagangan Melalui Sistem Elektronik (PP PMSE) yang ditargetkan selesai pada bulan November 2018. Namun, hingga berakhirnya periode pemerintahan Joko Widodo-Jusuf Kalla 2014-2019, hal tersebut belum kunjung terbit. Tesis ini mengangkat permasalahan mengenai proses tarik menarik kepentingan yang terjadi dalam tatanan birokratik sebagai pemangku kebijakan. Tesis ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan cara mewawancarai para aktor-aktor yang terlibat dan juga menyandingkan dengan data sekunder berupa naskah-naskah regulasi serta pemaparan mengenai kebijakan e-commerce. Teori yang digunakan diantaranya adalah; Burreucratic Politic Apporach oleh Alison Wolf (1986), teori Kebijakan Publik, dan Kesalahan tipe ketiga oleh William N. Dunn (2003). Temuan tesis ini memperlihatkan adanya ego sektoral oleh tatanan birokratik dalam menentukan permasalahan kebijakan yang disebabkan oleh adanya multi-interpretasi dari setiap Kementerian/Lembaga yang dilandasi oleh pencapaian target kinerja kepada kepala Pemerintah. Kesimpulan dari tesis ini adalah adanya multi-interpretasi dari pemangku kebijakan menyebabkan tidak ditemukannya political resultant dari masing-masing pihak yang seharusnya bekerja sama dalam memformulasi suatu isu kebijakan sehingga mereka melakukan sesuatu yang disebut sebagai kesalahan tipe ketiga. Hal itu menyebabkan pemangku kebijakan yang merupakan tatanan birokrat tidak menemukan solusi atas masalah publik, melainkan mengulang tahapan berkoordinasi dalam merumuskan masalah kebijakan publik terkait isu e-commerce di Indonesia.

This thesis analyzes government policies on e-commerce. The policy consists of Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 74 Year 2017 concerning the Electronic-Based National Trading System Road Map (e-Commerce Road Map) 2017-2019. This policy mandates the relevant Ministries/Institutions to complete the formulation of the Draft Government Regulation on Trade through Electronic Systems (PP PMSE) which is targeted to be completed in November 2018. At the end of the Joko Widodo - Jusuf Kalla administration period 2014-2019, this has not yet been visited. . This thesis raises challenges about the interesting processes that occur in the bureaucratic record as policy makers. This thesis uses a qualitative method by interviewing the actors involved and also comparing with secondary data in the form of regulatory texts and presentation on e-commerce policy. The theory used is; Appeal of Burreucratic Politics by Alison Wolf (1986), Public Policy theory, and type three errors by William N. Dunn (2003). The findings of this thesis show the existence of sectoral egos by the bureaucratic order in determining policy considerations caused by the multi-interpretation of each Ministry/Institution based on finding performance targets for the head of Government. The conclusion of this thesis is the multi-interpretation of the stakeholders that causes no political results from each party related to participation in formulating a policy issue so that they do something called a type problem. That causes the stakeholders who are the bureaucratic order not to find solutions to public problems, are discussed again in coordination in the matter of formulating public problems related to e-commerce issues in Indonesia."
Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Indonesia, 2019
T53980
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Ari Dewayanti Kusumastining
"[ABSTRAK
Wilayah udara yang berada di atas sebuah negara merupakan hak negara tersebut
secara penuh dan eksklusif. Namun, ketentuan itu tidak selalu dapat diikuti. Hal
ini ditunjukkan dengan adanya pengaturan wilayah penerbangan di atas negara ?
negara di dunia, Flight Information Region (FIR), yang tidak selalu mengikuti
garis batas negara. Kondisi tersebut dialami oleh Indonesia. Sebagian wilayah
udara di kawasan Kepulauan Riau dan Natuna didelegasikan kepada Singapura
karena ketidakmampuan Indonesia konon dalam mengelola navigasi penerbangan.
Melalui pendelegasian wilayah udara tersebut, terdapat berbagai kerugian yang
diderita oleh Indonesia. Namun, pemerintah Indonesia tetap meneruskan kerja
sama pengelolaan wilayah udara tersebut walaupun perjanjian pendelegasian,
yang dibuat pada tahun 1995, telah berakhir masa berlakunya, dan kondisi
Indonesia telah memungkinkan untuk mengambil kembali kewenangannya. Hal
inilah yang menjadi anomali dari sikap negara berdaulat. Oleh sebab itu, tesis ini
menggunakan teori politik birokratik (bureaucratic politics theory) dalam
pembedahan isu untuk melihat proses pemutusan kebijakan politik luar negeri di
antara birokrasi ? birokrasi di dalam negeri. Pembedahan tesis dibagi sesuai
dengan variabel dalam teori ini, yaitu aktor/birokrasi yang terlibat, faktor yang
menentukan masing ? masing aktor, dan sikap aktor dalam menyatukan
pertimbangan untuk menghasilkan keputusan dan tindakan pemerintah. Setelah
mendapatkan ketiga variabel penelitian, langkah selanjutnya adalah memetakan
politik birokratik Indonesia terkait isu tersebut. Pada akhirnya, ditemukan adanya
masalah politik birokratik intranasional yang menyebabkan limitasi pilihan bagi
pemerintah dalam proses pemutusan kebijakan politik luar negeri menanggapi isu
pendelegasian wilayah udara nasional kepada Singapura. Masalah ini juga
merefleksikan persaingan antara Indonesia dan Singapura di beberapa aspek.

ABSTRACT
Air territory, located above a country, is exclusively and fully considered a right
owned by the subjacent state. However, this provision does not always succeed to
follow. This is indicated by the Flight Information Region (FIR) which most
unlikely follow the country demarcation line. That condition is experienced by
Indonesia with most of the air territories in Riau Islands and Natuna are delegated
to Singapore due to the country?s inability in managing air navigation. By
delegating the air territory, Indonesia suffers various losses. However, Indonesian
government still continues the air territory management cooperation although the
delegation agreement in 1995 has expired, and the condition of Indonesia has
made it possible to take back the authority. This is considered an anomaly of the
sovereign state?s attitude. Therefore, this thesis applies the bureaucratic politics
theory in dissecting issues to look at the foreign policy decision making process
among bureaucracies in the country. Thesis dissection is divided according to the
variables in this theory, the actor/bureaucracy involved, the factors that determine
each actor, and the attitude of each actor in aggregating to yield governmental
decisions and actions. After obtaining three variables of the study, Indonesian
bureaucratic politic, related to the issue, is mapped. In the end, the identified
problems of intra-national bureaucratic politics cause choices of limitation in the
governmental foreign policy decision making process in response to the issue of
national air territory delegation to Singapore. Furthermore, this issue also reflects
the competition between Indonesia and Singapore in several aspects.;Air territory, located above a country, is exclusively and fully considered a right
owned by the subjacent state. However, this provision does not always succeed to
follow. This is indicated by the Flight Information Region (FIR) which most
unlikely follow the country demarcation line. That condition is experienced by
Indonesia with most of the air territories in Riau Islands and Natuna are delegated
to Singapore due to the country?s inability in managing air navigation. By
delegating the air territory, Indonesia suffers various losses. However, Indonesian
government still continues the air territory management cooperation although the
delegation agreement in 1995 has expired, and the condition of Indonesia has
made it possible to take back the authority. This is considered an anomaly of the
sovereign state?s attitude. Therefore, this thesis applies the bureaucratic politics
theory in dissecting issues to look at the foreign policy decision making process
among bureaucracies in the country. Thesis dissection is divided according to the
variables in this theory, the actor/bureaucracy involved, the factors that determine
each actor, and the attitude of each actor in aggregating to yield governmental
decisions and actions. After obtaining three variables of the study, Indonesian
bureaucratic politic, related to the issue, is mapped. In the end, the identified
problems of intra-national bureaucratic politics cause choices of limitation in the
governmental foreign policy decision making process in response to the issue of
national air territory delegation to Singapore. Furthermore, this issue also reflects
the competition between Indonesia and Singapore in several aspects., Air territory, located above a country, is exclusively and fully considered a right
owned by the subjacent state. However, this provision does not always succeed to
follow. This is indicated by the Flight Information Region (FIR) which most
unlikely follow the country demarcation line. That condition is experienced by
Indonesia with most of the air territories in Riau Islands and Natuna are delegated
to Singapore due to the country’s inability in managing air navigation. By
delegating the air territory, Indonesia suffers various losses. However, Indonesian
government still continues the air territory management cooperation although the
delegation agreement in 1995 has expired, and the condition of Indonesia has
made it possible to take back the authority. This is considered an anomaly of the
sovereign state’s attitude. Therefore, this thesis applies the bureaucratic politics
theory in dissecting issues to look at the foreign policy decision making process
among bureaucracies in the country. Thesis dissection is divided according to the
variables in this theory, the actor/bureaucracy involved, the factors that determine
each actor, and the attitude of each actor in aggregating to yield governmental
decisions and actions. After obtaining three variables of the study, Indonesian
bureaucratic politic, related to the issue, is mapped. In the end, the identified
problems of intra-national bureaucratic politics cause choices of limitation in the
governmental foreign policy decision making process in response to the issue of
national air territory delegation to Singapore. Furthermore, this issue also reflects
the competition between Indonesia and Singapore in several aspects.]"
2015
T44604
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library