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"ABSTRAKUnder the Japan Indonesia Economic Partnership Agreement, more than 1,000 of Indonesian health care workers have migrated to Japan. Social adjustment during the process of migration is linked to mental health changes. This study aimed to figure out the strongest predictor that influences the change in mental health status as a result of migration. Baseline data were collected in Jakarta in 2013 during predeparture orientation. Follow up study was conducted one year after the study participants migrated to Japan in 2014. Using longitudinal design, this study employed 92 participants consisting of nurse and certified care worker candidates. The multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to figure out the predictors that influence the change in mental health status. The prediction model expected to explain 39.9% of the change in mental health status, p value < 0.01, while sex (b = 0.201, p value < 0.05), economic conditions in pre migration (b = -0.200, p value < 0.05), and the socio cultural adaptation competency (b = -0.238, p value < 0.05). This finding assumed that female candidates and those who have economic constraint in pre migration stage, and those who have declining in socio cultural adaptation competency tend to have lower mental health one year after the migration."

"Jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan ( JPK ) adalah salah satu program jaminan sosial tenaga kerja yang merupakan program kesejahteraan dan perlindungan bagi tenaga kerja sektor swasta, di mana diharapkan dengan adanya jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan, tenaga kerja merasa aman dan terlindungi bila mereka maupun keluarganya sakit dan membutuhkan pelayanan kesehatan. Adanya jaminan diharapkan memotivasi pekerja untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan mengurangi kerugian pengusaha akibat banyaknya waktu yang hilang karena sakit. Adanya jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan juga telah terbukti menyebabkan pemanfaatan terhadap pelayanan kesehatan yang berlebihan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan demand terhadap pelayanan kesehatan dan masyarakat yang sudah mempunyai jaminan pemeliharaan kesehatan dan PT. Jamsostek. Selain faktor -faktor umum yang mempengaruhi demand terhadap pelayanan kesehatan rawat jalan seperti umur, jenis kelamin, status perkawinan, pendidikan, jarak, persepsi sakit dan over insurance juga terdapat faktor -faktor dari luar peserta yang diduga berhubungan seperti adanya informasi tentang prosedur pelayanan, jenis pelayanan dan jam buka pelayanan di PPK I serta informasi tentang hak dan kewajiban sebagai peserta JPK Jamsostek. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan ranrangan cross sectional dengan pendekatan kuantitatif, sampel penelitian adalah 400 peserta JPK Jamsostek yang bekerja di kawasan industri Jababeka, Kabupaten Bekasi.Hasil penelitian membuktikan , hanya informasi tentang jenis pelayanan dan informasi tentang hak peserta yang mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna dengan demand peserta JPK Jamsostek terhadap pelayanan rawat jalan di PPK I, sedangkan vanabel yang paling dominan mempengaruhi demand peserta JPK Jamsostek terhadap pelayanan kesehatan di PPK I adalah informasi tentang jenis pelayanan di PPK I. Penelitian ini hendaknya dilanjutkan penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan responden selain peserta JPK Jamsostek juga. PPK I nya, sehingga didapatkan gambaran yang utuh mengenai faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan demand peserta JPK Jamsostek terhadap pelayanan kesehatan PPK I.

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Insurance care of health is one of the social insurance program which is making a prosperity and safety program for employee who work in the some company. With this program, there is expected the worker feel prosperity and safety if they or family need some health services, besides can motivate an employee for developing their skill and productivity, and also the firm can decrease their economic loss because many of them spend their time because they are sick. However, the insurance care of health has proved cause over utilization for health services.This research is aimed of finding and knowing demand of primary health services from society who has insurance of health for PT. Jamsostek., with a cross sectional study design using the quantitative approach. Sample of the research are 400 participant of JPK Jamsostek who are working at Jababeka Industrial Center, in Kabupaten Bekasi. The general factor that influence to demand primary health care are age, marital status, married status, education, distance , ill perception , and over insurance. But the other factor also influence the demand primary health care if they are participant of JPK Jamsostek such as the information of services procedure, the type of services, the time of opening the service in PPK I and the information of right and obligation as a participant of JPK Jamsostek.The result show that the information of right and information the type services connecting with demand of participant JPK Jamsostek to primary health care in PPK I. Whereas, the dominant variable influence with demand of participant JPK Jamsostek to primary health care in PPK I is an information about type of services in PPK I. The writer hope this research will be continued with qualitative approach and respondents participant of JPK and also Provider (PPK) who give the services , so we can find out the frame of factor which is connected with demand of JPK Jamsostek participant to primary health services in PPK I."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang analisis faktor risiko compassion fatigue (burnout & secondary tramatic stress) pada tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di rumah sakit Jabodetabek. Compassion fatigue adalah fenomena yang dapat terjadi pada tenaga kesehatan yang dapat memengaruhi pekerjaan maupun individu. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode kuantitatif potong lintang dan teknik simple random sampling dan analisis menggunakan analisis Chi Square dan regresi logistik untuk mengetahui nilai OR. Instrumen yang digunakan adan Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 (ProQOL). Ditemukan bahwa faktor pekerjaan yang signifikan terhadap compassion fatigue (burnout dan secondary traumatic stress) adalah kelompok tenaga kesehatan, shift kerja, panjang shift, lama kerja per minggu, departemen/unit kerja dan pengalaman kerja. Faktor individu terdiri dari jenis kelamin, umur, tingkat pendidikan, status perkawinan, tingkat aktivitas fisik, dan kualitas tidur. Faktor individu lainnya yaitu anak dan status merokok juga signifikan terhadap burnout sebagai salah satu bagian dari compassion fatigue. Rumah sakit perlu menerapkan pengaturan kerja yang lebih baik untuk mengurangi risiko compassion fatigue pada tenaga kesehatan.

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This research discusses the analysis of risk factors for compassion fatigue (burnout & secondary traumatic stress) in health care workers working in Jabodetabek hospitals. Compassion fatigue is a phenomenon that can occur in health workers and can affect work and individuals. This research was conducted using quantitative cross-sectional methods and simple random sampling techniques and analysis using Chi Square analysis and logistic regression to determine the OR value. The instrument used was the Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 (ProQOL). It was found that the work factors that were significant for compassion fatigue (burnout and secondary traumatic stress) were the group of health care workers, work shifts, shift length, length of work per week, department/work unit, and work experience. Individual factors consist of gender, age, education level, marital status, physical activity level, and sleep quality. Other individual factors, namely children and smoking status, are also significant in burnout as a part of compassion fatigue. Hospitals need to implement better work arrangements to reduce the risk of compassion fatigue among health workers."

"ABSTRAKPopulasi Jepang yang menua (ageing society) dengan cepat tidak diimbangidengan tingginya jumlah usia produktif, menyebabkan Jepang mengalamipenurunan tenaga kerja secara tajam. Hal ini mendorong pemerintah Jepang untukmenerima care worker dan perawat asing ke dalam sektor perawatan jangkapanjang dengan menandatangani perjanjian kemitraan ekonomi bilateral termasukdengan Indonesia yang disebut sebagai Indonesia Japan Economic PartnershipAgreement (IJEPA) pada tahun 2007. Meskipun terikat dengan kontrak kerjaformal di bawah IJEPA, sebagai migran dan pekerja pelatihan yang tidak terampil,kandidat care worker cenderung berada di situasi rentan dan diskriminatif.Penelitian ini mengamati penerapan satu dekade IJEPA dari segi kerjasamapengiriman care workers dan juga membahas pemenuhan hak-hak care workersIndonesia di Jepang dengan menggunakan indikator peningkatan ekonomi dansosial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studikasus.Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pelaksanaan IJEPA dalam satu dekadedapat meningkatkan akses pasar barang dan jasa yang lebih terbuka serta dapatmeningkatkan investasi dan kerjasama kedua negara. Hal ini juga dapat dilihatdari meningkatnya pengiriman jasa tenaga kerja perawat (kangoshi) dan penopanglansia atau care worker (kaigofukushishi) Indonesia untuk bekerja di Jepang daritahun ke tahun. Terlepas dari beberapa kasus yang mengarah ke penurunanekonomi dan sosial, bahwa hampir semua hak-hak care worker narasumbersebagai pekerja migran sudah terpenuhi dan sudah sesuai dengan kontrak kerja.Kurang atau lemahnya kontrak kerja dan juga pengawasan dari lembaga terkaityaitu BNP2TKI serta perbedaan bahasa dan budaya Indonesia dengan Jepangturut menjadi andil yang menyebabkan hak-hak kandidat tidak terpenuhi.

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ABSTRACTThe rapid increase of ageing society in Japan population is not synchronizedwith the increasing number of the young generation at their productive age,leading to the extreme decline of the workforce population in the country. Thisproblem was forcing the Government of Japan to employ foreign care workersand nurses for the nursing sector in the long-term by establishing the bilateralagreement in the economic sector, including Indonesia. This agreement later isknown as Indonesia Japan Economic Partnership Agreement (IJEPA) and set upin 2007. Although the contract is officially binding under IJEPA agreement, theunskilled or under-skilled migrant worker often found themselves in vulnerableand discriminative condition.The objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of onedecade of IJEPA in the aspect of the movement of natural persons (care workers)and elaborate the fulfillment of Indonesian care workers rights during their dutyin Japan using economic and social upgrading indicators. The research wasconducted using Qualitative Methodology by adopting the case study approach.The finding of this study suggests that the implementation of IJEPA in adecade could promote access for goods, services, investment, and cooperation forboth countries. This phenomenon also could be observed from the increasingnumber of dispatch for Indonesian nurses (kangoshi) and care workers for theelderly population (kaigofukushishi) to work in Japan in the recent years.Nevertheless, apart from several cases that led to economic and socialdowngrading, nearly all the rights of care workers as migrant workers have beenfulfilled and in accordance with the employment contract. Lacks of clarity in theemployment contracts and poor oversight from respective institutions, such asBNP2TKI, and differences in language and culture between Indonesia and Japanalso contribute to the non-fulfillment of candidates rights."

"ABSTRACTThis article contrast the earnings of high and low-status workers in canada, the United States, Japan, the Republic of Korea and Taiwan (China) using the micro-data files of Luxembourg Income Study. By disaggregating existing definitions of care work, the author identifies occupations with lower and higher degrees of "social closure", revealing the associated care penalties and care bonuses cross-nationally. She also empirically measures the extent of similarities (and differences) beetween an within care economies in "liberal" adn "productivist developmental" substantial convergence within the international care market."

"Latar Belakang: Petugas kesehatan memiliki risiko terpajan darah atau jaringan tubuh saat bekerja. World Health Organization WHO memperkirakan adanya 3 juta pajanan setiap tahunnya pada 35 juta petugas kesehatan. Adanya profilaksis pascapajanan dapat menurunkan risiko penularan.Tujuan: Mengetahui pelaksanaan profilaksis pascapajanan terhadap terhadap HIV, hepatitis B dan hepatitis C pada petugas kesehatan di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM .Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada petugas terpajan yang terdata melalui laporan IGD, poli pegawai dan UPT HIV pada tahun 2014-2016. Data dikumpulkan dan diolah melalui SPSS versi 20.Hasil Penelitian: Dari 196 pekerja yang melaporkan pajanan, sebagian besar merupakan perempuan 69,9 , bekerja sebagai perawat 38,3 dan dokter 38,3 , serta terpajan secara perkutan 93,4 . Anti-HIV reaktif ditemui pada 25 13 sumber pajanan, HBsAg reaktif pada 13 8 dan anti-HCV reaktif pada 12 6 sumber. Petugas dengan anti-HBs protektif adalah 55 28,1 petugas. Dari 183 pajanan berisiko, 45,9 81 petugas direkomendasikan pemberian ARV, 81,5 66 petugas melakukan profilaksis dengan ARV, 60 petugas minum ARV secara lengkap 28 hari . Follow-up anti-HIV bulan ke-3 dan 6 dilakukan oleh 44 24 dan 41 22,4 petugas. Terdapat 37 pekerja yang direkomendasikan menerima vaksinasi Hepatitis B dan/atau immunoglobulin HBIG . Dari 22 59 yang direkomendasikan vaksinasi hepatitis B, hanya 1 2,7 yang melakukan. Dari 15 41 yang direkomendasikan vaksinasi hepatitis B dan HBIG, hanya 2 5,4 yang melakukannya. Follow-up 3 dan 6 bulan HBsAg serta anti-HBs dilakukan oleh 41 31,1 , 38 28,8 dan 2 1,5 petugas. Dari 182 petugas yang melakukan follow-up anti-HCV bulan ke 3 dan ke 6 adalah 39 21,4 dan 37 20,3 petugas.Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan profilaksis pasca pajanan terhadap HIV, hepatitis B dan hepatitis C masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, penanganan profilaksis secara komprehensif penting dilakukan termasuk peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran pekerja, peninjauan kembali SOP, dan komunikasi yang efektif.

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Introduction Health care workers HCW have exposure risk of blood or body tissue at work. World Health Organization WHO estimates there is 3 millions exposure to 35 millions workers annually. The existance of post exposure prophylaxis could reduce the transmission risk.Goal To identify the implementation of post exposure prophylaxis of HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C among HCW in RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM .Method A cross sectional study was conducted to exposured workers who had been recorded in emergency ward, employee ward, and UPT HIV on 2014 2016. Data was collected and analyzed with SPSS 20.Result Among 196 HCW who reported the exposure, most of them were female 69.9 , worked as nurse 38.3 and doctor 38.3 , and exposed percutaneously 93.4 . Positive anti HIV was found in 25 13 people of exposure sources, positive HBsAg in 13 8 people and positive HCV in 12 6 people. Workers with protective anti HBs were 55 28.1 people. In 183 reports, 81 45,9 workers were recommended to receive ARV, 66 81.5 workers did receive it, and 40 60 workers took complete ARV 28 days . Follow up 3 and 6 months was done by 44 24 and 41 22,4 workers. There were 37 workers recommended to receive Hepatitis B vaccination and or immunoglobulin HBIG . In 22 59 recommended to receive Hepatitis B vaccination, only 1 2,7 who took that. In 15 41 recommended to receive both Hepatitis B vaccination and immunoglobulin, only 2 5,4 who took both. Follow up of HBsAg and anti HBs on 3rd and 6th months were done by 41 31,1 , 38 28,8 and 2 1,5 workers who were recommended to receive prophylaxis. In 182 workers recommended to do follow up of anti HCV, 39 21,4 and 37 20,3 workers did the follow up on 3rd and 6th month.Conclusion The implementation of post exposure propyhlaxis of HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C was still low. Thus, it was important to do the management of prophylaxis comprehensively. It was also included the increasing of worker rsquo s knowledge and awareness, reconsidering the operational standard, and communicating effectively. "

"Latar Belakang: Petugas kesehatan memiliki risiko terpajan darah atau jaringan tubuh saat bekerja. World Health Organization (WHO) memperkirakan adanya 3 juta pajanan setiap tahunnya pada 35 juta petugas kesehatan. Adanya profilaksis pascapajanan dapat menurunkan risiko penularan. Tujuan: Mengetahui pelaksanaan profilaksis pascapajanan terhadap terhadap HIV, hepatitis B dan hepatitis C pada petugas kesehatan di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Metode: Penelitian potong lintang dilakukan pada petugas terpajan yang terdata melalui laporan IGD, poli pegawai dan UPT HIV pada tahun 2014-2016. Data dikumpulkan dan diolah melalui SPSS versi 20.Hasil Penelitian: Dari 196 pekerja yang melaporkan pajanan, sebagian besar merupakan perempuan (69,9%), bekerja sebagai perawat (38,3%) dan dokter (38,3%), serta terpajan secara perkutan (93,4%). Anti-HIV reaktif ditemui pada 25 (13%) sumber pajanan, HBsAg reaktif pada 13 (8%) dan anti-HCV reaktif pada 12 (6%) sumber. Petugas dengan anti-HBs protektif adalah 55 (28,1%) petugas. Dari 183 pajanan berisiko, 45,9% (81) petugas direkomendasikan pemberian ARV, 81,5% (66) petugas melakukan profilaksis dengan ARV, 60% petugas minum ARV secara lengkap (28 hari). Follow-up anti-HIV bulan ke-3 dan 6 dilakukan oleh 44 (24%) dan 41 (22,4%) petugas. Terdapat 37 pekerja yang direkomendasikan menerima vaksinasi Hepatitis B dan/atau immunoglobulin (HBIG). Dari 22 (59%) yang direkomendasikan vaksinasi hepatitis B, hanya 1 (2,7%) yang melakukan. Dari 15 (41%) yang direkomendasikan vaksinasi hepatitis B dan HBIG, hanya 2 (5,4%) yang melakukannya. Follow-up 3 dan 6 bulan HBsAg serta anti-HBs dilakukan oleh 41 (31,1%), 38 (28,8%) dan 2 (1,5%) petugas. Dari 182 petugas yang melakukan follow-up anti-HCV bulan ke 3 dan ke 6 adalah 39 (21,4%) dan 37 (20,3%) petugas. Kesimpulan: Pelaksanaan profilaksis pasca pajanan terhadap HIV, hepatitis B dan hepatitis C masih rendah. Oleh karena itu, penanganan profilaksis secara komprehensif penting dilakukan termasuk peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran pekerja, peninjauan kembali SOP, dan komunikasi yang efektif.

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Introduction: Health care workers (HCW) have exposure risk of blood or body tissue at work. World Health Organization (WHO) estimates there is 3 millions exposure to 35 millions workers annually. The existance of post-exposure prophylaxis could reduce the transmission risk. Goal: To identify the implementation of post-exposure prophylaxis of HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C among HCW in RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM). Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted to exposured workers who had been recorded in emergency ward, employee ward, and UPT HIV on 2014-2016. Data was collected and analyzed with SPSS 20.Result: Among 196 HCW who reported the exposure, most of them were female (69.9%), worked as nurse (38.3%) and doctor (38.3%), and exposed percutaneously (93.4%). Positive anti-HIV was found in 25 (13%) people of exposure sources, positive HBsAg in 13 (8%) people and positive HCV in 12 (6%) people. Workers with protective anti-HBs were 55 (28.1%) people. In 183 reports, 81 (45,9%) workers were recommended to receive ARV, 66(81.5%) workers did receive it, and 40(60%) workers took complete ARV (28 days). Follow-up 3 and 6 months was done by 44 (24%) and 41 (22,4%) workers. There were 37 workers recommended to receive Hepatitis B vaccination and/or immunoglobulin (HBIG). In 22 (59%) recommended to receive Hepatitis B vaccination, only 1 (2,7%) who took that. In 15 (41%) recommended to receive both Hepatitis B vaccination and immunoglobulin, only 2 (5,4%) who took both. Follow-up of HBsAg and anti-HBs on 3rd and 6th months were done by 41 (31,1%), 38 (28,8%) and 2 (1,5%) workers who were recommended to receive prophylaxis. In 182 workers recommended to do follow-up of anti-HCV, 39 (21,4%) and 37 (20,3%) workers did the follow-up on 3rd and 6th month. Conclusion: The implementation of post-exposure propyhlaxis of HIV, Hepatitis B, and Hepatitis C was still low. Thus, it was important to do the management of prophylaxis comprehensively. It was also included the increasing of worker's knowledge and awareness, reconsidering the operational standard, and communicating effectively."