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"Latar Belakang : Pneumokoniosis terjadi hampir diseluruh dunia dan merupakan masalah yang mengancam para pekerja semen. Beberapa kelainan serologis dapat ditemukan pada pasien pnemokoniosis. Kadar KL-6 serum meningkat pada pekerja yang terpajan silika sehingga  dapat dijadikan penanda hayati untuk diagnosis awal penyakit paru kerja tetapi penelitian ini belum pernah dilakukan di IndonesiaMetode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectional dengan cara pemilihan sampel secara consecutive sampling pada bulan april – mei 2018. Jumlah total subjek sebanyak 77 subjek terdiri dari 60 subjek penelitian dan 17 subjek kontrol. Pemeriksaan kadar KL-6 serum menggunakan metode ELISA. Subjek penelitian merupakan pekerja semen pada area produksi dan bahan mentah.Hasil    : Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil dengan karakteristik total subjek laki-laki 100% dan rerata umur 42,5 tahun, subjek termuda 21 tahun dan subjek tertua 55 tahun. Riwayat merokok  ditemukan terbanyak bukan perokok 38 subjek (63,3%), diikuti perokok sebanyak 15 subjek (25%), dan bekas perokok sebanyak 7 subjek (11,6%).Tingkat pendidikan sedang 47 subjek (78,3) pendidikan tinggi sebanyak 7 subjek (11,6%)  dan pendidikan rendah sebanyak 6 subjek (10%). Lama pajanan < 10 tahun sebanyak 13 subjek (21,6%) dan lama pajanan> 10 tahun sebanyak 47 subjek (78,3%). Penggunaan alat pelindung diri kategori terbanyak kategori sedang sebanyak 50 subjek (83,3%), kategori baik sebanyak 7 subjek (11,6%) dan kategori buruk sebanyak 3 subjek (5%). Rerata kadar KL-6 serum pada kelompok subjek penelitian atau kelompok terpajan sebesar 473,13 U /ml dan rerata kadar KL-6 serum pada kelompok kontrol sebesar 344,13 U/ml.Perbedaan kadar KL-6 serum pada kelompok terpajan dan kelompok control tidak berbeda bermakna secara statistic dengan nilai p = 0,329.Kesimpulan : Perbedaan antara kadar KL-6 serum kelompok terpajan disbanding kelompok kontrol tidak berbeda bermakna secara statisti

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Background   : Pneumoconiosis occurs almost all over the world and is a problem that threatens cement workers. Some serological abnormalities can be found in pneumonia patients. Serum KL-6 levels increase in workers exposed to silica so that it can be used as a biological marker for early diagnosis of occupational lung disease but this study has never been done in Indonesia

Method: This study was a cross-sectional study by consecutive sampling in April-May 2018. The total number of subjects was 77 subjects consisting of 60 research subjects and 17 control subjects. Examination of serum KL-6 levels using the ELISA method. Research subjects were cement workers in the production area and raw materials.

Results: In this study, the results were obtained with the characteristics of the total male subjects 100% and the average age of 42.5 years, the youngest subject was 21 years old and the oldest subject was 55 years old. History of smoking was found in the majority of nonsmokers 38 subjects (63.3%), followed by smokers as many as 15 subjects (25%), and former smokers as many as 7 subjects (11.6%). Education level was 47 subjects (78.3) higher education as many as 7 subjects (11.6%) and low education as many as 6 subjects (10%). The duration of exposure <10 years was 13 subjects (21.6%) and the duration of exposure> 10 years was 47 subjects (78.3%). The use of personal protective equipment is the most moderate category as many as 50 subjects (83.3%), the good category is 7 subjects (11.6%) and the bad category is 3 subjects (5%). The mean serum KL-6 level in the research subject group or the exposed group was 473.13 U / ml and the average serum KL-6 level in the control group was 344.13 U / ml. The difference in serum KL-6 level in the exposed group and the control group no statistically significant difference with a value of p = 0.329.

Conclusion: The difference between serum KL-6 levels in the exposed group compared to the control group was not statistically significant"

"ABSTRAK Latar Belakang: Pneumokoniosis terjadi hampir diseluruh dunia dan merupakan masalah yang mengancam para pekerja semen. Beberapa kelainan serologis dapat ditemukan pada pasien pneumokoniosis. Kadar surfaktan SP-D serum meningkat pada pekerja yang terpajan silika sehingga mungkin dapat dijadikan sebagai penanda hayati untuk diagnosis awal penyakit paru kerja tetapi penelitian ini belum pernah dilakukan di Indonesia. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross sectionaldengan cara pemilihan sampel secara consecutive sampling pada bulan September 2017- Maret 2018. Jumlah total subjek sebanyak 61 subjek terdiri dari 44 subjek penelitian dan 17 subjek kontrol. Pemeriksaan kadar SP-D menggunakan metode ELISA. Subjek penelitian merupakan pekerja semen pada area produksi dan bahan mentah. Hasil: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hasil dengan karakteristik total subjek laki-laki 100 dan rerata umur 42.5 tahun, subjek termuda 21 tahun dan subjek tertua 55 tahun, Kelompok IMT normal terbanyak pada subjek penelitian yaitu 21 subjek 47.7 diikuti IMT lebih 14 subjek 2.3 , obesitas 8 subjek 18.2 dan IMT kurang sebanyak 1 subjek 4.6 . Riwayat merokok ditemukan terbanyak bukan perokok 26 subjek 59.1 diikuti perokok sebanyak 12 subjek 27.3 dan bekas perokok 6 subjek 13.6 . Lama pajanan ABSTRACT Background:Pneumoconiosis occurs almost in entire worldwide. Pneumoconiosis has threaten cement workers. Serologic abnormalities has been found in pneumoconiosis. Surfactant Protein D SP-D levels increased in silica exposed workers. Surfactant Protein D SP-D may be useful using biomarkers for early diagnosis of pneumoconiosis but It has not yet been studied in Indonesia. Method:Design of this study was observational with cross sectional.Sampling of cement from exposed workers were done by consecutive sampling. Total subjects were 61, approach population of 44 cement exposed workers from September 2017-March 2018and 17 healthy people as control. Serum level of SP-D was measured by ELISA method.Cement exposed workers are workers in production area and workers in quarry area. Results:This study found that total characteristic subjects were male 100 and mean of age was 42.5 years old, youngest subject was 21 years old and oldest subject was 55 years old. Normal weight group greatest number was found 21 subjects 47.7 , followed by overweight 12 subjects 22.3 , obesitas 8 subjects 18.2 and underweight 1 subject 2.3 . Based on history of smoking, this study found that 26 subjects 59.1 had never smoked,12 subjects 27.3 as smokers and 6 subjects 13.6 as former of smokers. Duration of exposure "

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Latar Belakang Pabrik X, sebuah pabrik tekstil dimana sebagian besar karyawannya adalah perempuan, dalam operasional kerjanya mengharuskan mereka untuk menjalani sistem kerja gilir. Adanya perubahan pada pola makan, serta perubahan pada profil metabolik pekerja gilir, meningkatkan risiko terjadinya anemia gizi, sehingga diperlukan rekomendasi gizi tambahan bagi populasi ini. Pendekatan Linear Programming (LP) merumuskan Pedoman Gizi Seimbang berbasis Pangan Lokal (PGS-PL) menggunakan konteks makanan lokal (mempertimbangkan budaya dan harga) yang disesuaikan dengan pola makan dan mengoptimalkan kandungan nutrisi spesifik sesuai permasalahan gizi pada populasi tertentu. Sehingga rekomendasi PGS-PL yang dihasilkan dapat dijadikan sebagai kebijakan bagi pemerintah dan industri manufaktur yang mempekerjakan pekerja perempuan dengan kerja gilir. Sejauh ini pendekatan LP belum pernah diterapkan pada populasi pekerja.

Obyektif Untuk merumuskan PGS-PL dan menilai efektifitasnya dalam meningkatkan kadar Hb pekerja perempuan dengan kerja gilir..

Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan melalui dua fase. Fase pertama merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik cross sectional untuk menyusun PGS-PL yang optimal dari 106 orang pekerja perempuan dengan kerja gilir. Data diet diperoleh dari data penimbangan makanan (weighed food) yang diberikan perusahaan pada shift malam, dikombinasi dengan 24 hours food recall serta 5dFFQ (5-days food-frequency questionnaire). Kadar Hb diperiksa dengan menggunakan HemoCue. Analisis LP menggunakan sistem Optifood. Fase kedua adalah penelitian eksperimental two group pretest and postest experiment design dengan 51 orang kelompok kontrol dan 49 orang kelompok intervensi. Intervensi PGS-PL dilakukan selama 24 minggu.

Hasil Hasil analisis Optifood menunjukkan bahwa yang merupakan permasalahan gizi adalah zat besi (Fe) dan kalsium. PGS-PL menghasilkan rekomendasi berupa pesan mingguan dan menu makanan pabrik yang digunakan untuk mengisi nutrient gap yang ada. Dengan intervensi PGS-PL responden yang mengalami kenaikan kadar Hb sebanyak 63.3% dengan peningkatan rerata Hb sebesar 0,6 mg/dL (p=0,000).

Kesimpulan Intervensi PGS-PL efektif dalam meningkatkan kadar Hb.

 

Kata Kunci : Formula makanan, Hemoglobin, linear programming, manufaktur, pekerja

 

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Background Factory X, a textile factory where most of its employees are women, in their operational requires these female workers to undergo a shift work. Changes in diet, as well as changes in the metabolic profile of shift workers, increase the risk of nutritional anemia. In order to meet adequate nutrition, a nutrient based recommendation is necessary. The Linear Programming (LP) approach formulates Food Based Recommendation (FBR) to meet nutrient requirements given local food availability, food patterns, food portions, and cost based on problem nutrients in certain populations. LP approach has never been applied to the working population. A set of FBR produced is valuable for nutrition promotion, as well as nutrition program planning and advocacy.

Objectives To formulate a set of FBR and assess its effectiveness in increasing Hb levels.

Methods The first phase of this research was cross-sectional study to develop an optimal FBR of 106 female shift workers. Dietary data obtained from 1-day weighed diet record combined with repeated 24-hour recall and 5-day food intake tally. LP analysis was performed using Optifood software. Hb levels were examined using HemoCue. The second phase was an intervention study which was carried out for 16 weeks.

Results Iron and calcium were the problem nutrients. FBR produced recommendations in the form of weekly messages and factory food menu to fill the existing nutrient gap. With FBR intervention, 63.3% respondents experienced an increase in Hb levels with an increase in mean Hb of 0.6 mg/dL (p = 0,000).

Conclusions FBR intervention is effective in increasing Hb levels.

 

Keywords Food formula, Hemoglobin, linear programming, manufacture, workers

 

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