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"Pekerja di unit pengolahan minyak dan gas memiliki potensi terpajan berbagai macam hidrokarbon dan zat kimia dalam pembuatan turunan minyak bumi. Benzene, toluene, dan xylene menjadi pajanan bahaya kimia yang paling sering dijumpai pada pengolahan minyak dan gas bumi. Pekerja yang terpajan bahaya kimia benzene, toluene, dan xylene melalui rute inhalasi memiliki berbagai risiko kesehatan baik akut maupun kronis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis risiko kesehatan terkait pajanan bahaya kimia benzene, toluene, dan xylene pada pekerja di unit pengolahan minyak dan gas bumi. Penelitian ini menganalisis pajanan bahaya kimia benzene, toluene, dan xylene di dua unit pengolahan minyak bumi menggunakan metode Chemical Hazard Risk Assessment dari Departemen of Safety and Health Malaysia Tahun 2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa benzene termasuk dalam kategori tingkat risiko kesehatan tinggi, sedangkan toluene dan xylene termasuk dalam kategori tingkat risiko kesehatan rendah. Tingkat pajanan bahaya kimia benzene, toluene, dan xylene dengan nilai rata-rata tertinggi berada pada unit laboratorim. Dari hasil penelitian terkait tingkat risiko kesehatan pajanan benzene, toluene, dan xylene diperlukan strategi kontrol yang tepat, seperti penggunaan alat pelindung diri yang sesuai dan meningkatkan sistem ventilasi di tempat kerja untuk mengurangi pajanan benzene, toluene, dan xylene melalui rute inhalasi.

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Workers in refinery units have the potential to be exposed to various kinds of hydrocarbons and chemicals in the manufacture of petroleum derivatives. Benzene, toluene, and xylene are the most common chemical hazards in oil and gas processing. Workers who are exposed to the chemical hazards of benzene, toluene, and xylene through the inhalation route have various health risks, both acute and chronic. This study aims to analyze the health risks associated with chemical hazards exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene in workers in oil and gas processing units. This study analyzed the chemical hazard exposure of benzene, toluene, and xylene in two petroleum processing units using the Chemical Hazard Risk Assessment method from the Department of Safety and Health Malaysia in 2018. The results showed that benzene was included in the category of high health risk level, while toluene and xylene is included in the category of low health risk level. The level of exposure to the chemical hazards of benzene, toluene, and xylene with the highest average value is in the laboratory unit. From the results of research related to the level of health risk of exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene, appropriate control strategies are needed, such as the use of appropriate personal protective equipment and improving ventilation systems in the workplace to reduce exposure to benzene, toluene, and xylene through the inhalation route.

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"Penelitian ini membahas mengenai persepsi risiko bahaya kimia pada pekerja sektor informal tahun 2014. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan kuesioner ceklis untuk menilai variabel-variabel independen. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat gambaran persepsi terhadap risiko bahaya kimia beserta gambaran faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan persepsi risiko bahaya kimia, diantaranya pengalaman, kesukarelaan, ketakutan, pengendalian, potensi dampak, dan kondisi lingkungan kerja. Penelitian ini juga dilakukan untuk melihat gambaran perbandingan persepsi pekerja terhadap risiko bahaya kimia di kedua tempat industri informal yaitu industri penyamakan kulit dan industri sablon. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa secara umum persepsi risiko bahaya kimia pada pekerja sektor informal sudah baik, walaupun masih ada beberapa pekerja yang memiliki persepsi yang buruk terhadap risiko bahaya kimia. Berdasarkan lokasi kerja, persepsi risiko bahaya kimia pada pekerja sablon lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pekerja penyamakan kulit. Persepsi yang baik pada pekerja dikedua tempat ini didapatkan karena : pekerja sudah memiliki pengalaman yang baik terkait kejadian risiko bahaya kimia, sukarela menerima risiko bahaya kimia, memiliki ketakutan terhadap risiko bahaya kimia, pekerja merasa mampu mengendalikan risiko bahaya kimia, menilai risiko bahaya kimia sebagai risiko yang berpotensi katastropik, dan menilai lingkungan kerja sudah aman dari risiko bahaya kimia.

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This research describes risk perception of chemical hazard on the informal sector worker 2014. This is a descriptive study that uses quantitative research methods with quesionnaire checklist as research instrument. Quesionnaire checklist used to assess the independent variabels. The purpose of this study is to see the overview of risk perception of chemical hazard and factors related to perception, such as experience, voluntary, dread, control, effect, and work environment. This study also looked at differences in workers perception between leather industry and shirt screen printing industry.

The result of this study show that generally risk perception of chemical hazard on informal sector is good, although there are some workers who still have bad risk perception of chemical hazard. Based on the work location, the risk perception of chemical hazard to shirt screen printing worker is better than leather worker. Workers’ good perception can be achieve because they have good experience about chemical hazard, voluntarily accept the risks of chemical hazard, they are afraid of the risk of chemical hazard, workers assume that they can control the risk of chemical hazard, they assume the risk of chemical hazard as a result of catastropic, and they also assume that their working environment was safe from the risk of chemical hazard."