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"This updated edition features concise background information on chromosome methods and applications, essential information on heteromorphism frequencies in normal and clinical populations as well as new listing and discussions of euchromatic, subtelomeric and FISH variants. The addition of two new sections make this an even more valuable reference than before. A section on common and rare fragile sites includes a short historical discussion, definitions and an extensive table of officially recognized sites that includes the HUGO name, chromosomal location, methods of induction, genes and references to the most recent molecular characterization. A new section on array CGH discusses the clinical challenge of interpreting copy number variations (CNVs) revealed by this newest technology, gives examples of various levels of interpretation and lists the several most common websites used in this interpretation."

"This reference book provides information on plant cytogenetics. Topics covered by international experts include classical cytogenetics of plant genomes, plant chromosome structure, functional, molecular cytology; and genome dynamics. In addition, chapters are included on several methods in plant cytogenetics, informatics, and even laboratory exercises for aspiring or practiced instructors. The book provides a unique combination of historical and modern subject matter, revealing the central role of plant cytogenetics in plant genetics and genomics as currently practiced. "

"The name chromosome was given by Waldeyer (in about 1888). This name is appropriate in view of the intense affinity of this structure for nucledphilicdeyes (Chroma = color; soma a body). Fifteen years earlier the now called chromosome had been described in dividing cells by Schneider to thread-like structures in these cells. In 1884 Nageli had introduced a special hereditary material, which he called "idioplasm", which according to other investigators was identical to the chromatin of the nucleus.Cytogenetics is one of the most rapidly developing field of modern biology, despite its very slow beginning. It is recognized as being basic to the understanding of many aspects of the broad science of heredity. For a good appreciation of recent studies on human cytogenetics, some knowledge of the history of human cytogenetics, which developed hand in hand with the technical development of studying chromosomes, seems to be necessary. Investigations on cytogenetics could be said to have started with the work of Arnold (1879) and Flemming (1882), who examined mitotic process for the first time. Arnold observed the genetic material in tumor cells. Flemming studied various cell division stages in the plant Lilium croceum, and in embryos of salamander (1882 ), who then introduced the term "chromatin" by which he meant the nuclear substance stainable with nuclear dyes."