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"The world population, as well as Indonesia, is aging and this demographic transition influences saving, investment, and capital flows. By looking at data from 1973 to 2017, this paper finds two things. First, the relationship between age groups and saving exhibits the inverted U-shape, but only old dependency impact negatively on investment based on 104 countries data. The capital flows represented by current account is deficit in the young dependency, but surplus in the old dependency. Second, demographic transition in Indonesia induced an increase in savings by a higher rate than investment and caused current account surplus in this period.

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Dunia dan juga Indonesia menghadapi aging population dan perubahan demografis ini mempengaruhi tabungan, investasi, dan aliran modal. Berdasarkan data dari 1973 hingga 2017, tesis ini menemukan dua hal, Pertama, hubungan antara kelompok umur dan tabungan memperlihatkan bentuk punuk, tetapi hanya kelompok usia tua yang berpengaruh negatif terhadap investasi berdasarkan data 104 negara. Aliran modal yang direpresentasikan oleh neraca transaksi berjalan mengalami defisit pada kelompok usia muda tetapi surplus pada kelompok usia tua. Kedua, Perubahan demografis di Indonesia menyebabkan kenaikan pada tabungan dengan lebih tinggi daripada kenaikan pada investasi dan juga menyebabkan surplus pada neraca transaksi berjalan selama periode ini.

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"This study investigates the relationship between the level ofsocioeconomic development and fertility in India. The perspective of thisstudy is based on the "Theory of Demographic Transition" which statesthat as socioeconomic development in a country increases, high fertilityand mortality rates are replaced by low fertility and mortality rates,leading to population stability. This study tests the following majorhypothesis: The higher the level of socioeconomic development, the lowerthe fertility rates among the states of india. The study applies correlationand multiple regression analysis on the l 992-1993 indian National FamilyHealth Survey (NFHS) data using four major categories (education,modernization, health, and family planning ) of socioeconomic developmentto predict two measures (crude birth rate and the total fertility rate) offertility. The findings support the theory cf demographic transition in largemeasure revealing that the overall level of socioeconomic development isinversely related to fertility among the states of india. Finally. the studysuggests that higher levels of female literacy and acceptance ofcontraceptives lead to fertility decline."

"ABSTRACTAgriculture in Thailand is undergoing significant change. The present paper addresses this change from a social perspective, focusing on the role of household dynamics and expansion of the capitalist economy into rural areas. It draws upon data from different sources. Changes in household dynamics over the past decades have resulted in not only unprecedented below replacement fertility levels and small households on average but also labor and land constraints in most rural areas. In this environment, rural households are under pressure to modify their farming practices. Meanwhile, the expansion of the capitalist economy brought about by the Green Revolution and new socioeconomic policies since the early 1960s has Opened up new opportunities and choices for rural households to participate in market oriented production. It is the response of households to this environment that is leading to agricultural transformation in rural Thailand. Key aspects of agricultural change identified in this analysis include a shift from subsistence production to market oriented production; widespread agricultural mechanization and adoption of other new technologies; emergence of agribusiness and large scale commercial farming; and structural change in land use and landholding, resulting in land concentration. Changes in agriculture are likely to alter other aspects of rural life. It is, therefore, important to have a short term safety net as well as long term policy that will lead to a holistic agricultural reform. "

"Masalah kecacatan cenderung meningkat terus sebagai dampak keberhasilan pembangunan di segala bidang. Peningkatan kecacatan bisa terjadi seiring transisi demografi ke arah struktur umur menua karena bertambahnya usia harapan hidup. Meningkatnya lanjut usia dapat berarti meningkatnya kelompok rentan terhadap kecacatan. Tingginya mobilitas manusia dan kemudahan transportasi meningkatkan angka kecelakaan dengan bermacam kecacatan. Pola penyakit yang mengarah kepada penyakit degeneratif, kanker, AIDS dan penyakit kronis lainnya, juga menjadi ancaman pada peningkatan kecacatan.Rehabilitasi Medik adalah salah satu upaya kesehatan guna memulihkan fungsi-fungsi tubuh kembali seperti semula sehingga seseorang dapat hidup produktif atau lebih produktif. Dengan semakin meningkatnya keinginan untuk memperoleh mutu hidup yang lebih baik, upaya rehabilitasi menjadi lebih panting. Unit Rehabilitasi Medik Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta saat ini mulai menjadi unit yang berperan penting dalam pelayanan dan memiliki pasar yang semakin bertambah. Dengan dijadikannya Unit Stroke Center sebagai layanan unggulan di Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta, maka peran dari Unit Rehabilitasi Medik menjadi semakin penting dalam mendukung layanan unggulan tersebut.Namun Unit Rehabilitasi Medik Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta memiliki banyak pesaing yang perlu dicermati. Banyak rumah sakit yang kini sudah melengkapi diri dengan fasilitas Rehabilitasi Medik, bahkan kini mulai bermunculan Klinik Rehabilitasi Medik yang tidak tergabung dalam Rumah Sakit. Tidak adanya strategi pemasaran bagi Unit Rehabilitasi Medik dapat membuat Unit Rehabilitasi Medik Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta sulit untuk bersaing dengan fasilitas Rehabilitasi Medik lain. Untuk itu, dilakukan penelitian analitik deskriptif yang mengidentifikasi peluang dan ancaman serta kekuatan dan kelemahan bagi Unit Rehabilitasi Medik Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta dengan menggunakan analisis SWOT, dan merumuskan strategi pemasaran bagi Unit Rehabilitasi Medik Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta.Dari hasil analisis SWOT, maka strategi yang sebaiknya dijalankan oleh Unit Rehabilitasi Medik Rumah Sakit Islam Jakarta dalam memasarkan produk layanannya untuk periode 2001 -- 2002 adalah Strategi Penetrasi Pasar. Strategi ini merupakan upaya untuk merebut market share secara agresif dengan mempromosikan produk secara intensif. Promosi produk ini harus dilakukan pada dua komponen, yaitu pasien sebagai end user dan pada dokter yang merujuk, baik dokter yang berpraktek di RSIJ maupun yang tidak berpraktek di RSIJ.

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Marketing Strategy for Rehabilitation Medicine Unit at Jakarta Islamic HospitalDisability and impairment problems tend to increase as an impact of development in every sector. The increasing of disability and impairment can be happened as a result of several factors. One of those factors is demographic transition yielding older people in population because of increasing of life expectancy. Arising in the number of older people means the increasing of susceptibility to disability and impairment. Other factors are high mobility and quick access to transportation that can increase the accident rate with various disabilities. The morbidity pattern that is shifting to degenerative diseases, cancer, AIDS, and other chronic diseases, also is factor that can increase the disability and impairment.

Rehabilitation medicine is one of efforts that can be done to recover body functions that can make one can live productively or more productive. Rehabilitation medicine is becoming more important as increasing of willingness to have better quality of life. Rehabilitation medicine unit at Jakarta Islamic Hospital (RSIJ) currently becomes a unit that plays important role in services and has good potential market.

On the other hand, rehabilitation medicine unit RSIJ has several competitors to be aware. Rehabilitation medicine unit RSIJ will be difficult to compete because there is no marketing strategy. For that reason, a descriptive analytical study has been done using SWOT analysis to identify the opportunities, threats, strengths, and weaknesses of rehabilitation medicine unit of RSIJ.

From the result of SWOT analysis, rehabilitation medicine unit of RSIJ should take market penetration strategy as marketing strategy. The strategy is an effort to take or steal market snare aggressively by promoting the product intensively. The promotion should be done to 2 components: the patients as end user, and doctors, either works in RSIJ or not."