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Abstrak :
This paper investigates how the health care demand among the elderly is affected by the health card subsidy issued by the government after the financial crisis in 1997. The health card subsidy provides free access to health services for the poor; and was accepted at any available health center, or 'puskesmas'. Using the Indonesia socio-economic survey data for 2003, results show that the health card has positive effect on puskesmas utilization, particularly the demand on health care facilities among the 55 year-old population. Unfortunately, due to mistargeting resulting from difficulties in locating poor households, the health card also benefited wealthier individuals in their access of health centers.

Abstrak :
Studi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh kemiskinan yang dilihat dari pendekatan moneter dan non moneter terhadap disabilitas penglihatan pada lansia di Indonesia dengan menggunakan data Susenas 2012. Hasil regresi logistik biner menunjukkan bahwa kemiskinan yang diukur dengan pendekatan moneter atau non moneter memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap disabilitas penglihatan pada lansia. Selain itu, faktor kebiasaan mengkonsumsi sayur-sayuran dan buah-buahan tidak setiap hari, juga mempengaruhi risiko disabilitas penglihatan lansia. Lansia miskin dan merokok, memiliki peluang lebih tinggi terhadap risiko mengalami disabilitas penglihatan. ...... This research aims to study the effects of poverty as seen from the monetary and non-monetary approach to visual disability in the elderly in Indonesia using Susenas 2012. Results of binary logistic regression showed that poverty as measured by monetary or non-monetary approach has a significant influence on the visual disabilities elderly. In addition, factor consumption habits vegetables and fruits not everyday also affect the risk of vision disability elderly. Elderly poor and smoke, have a higher chance of the risk of vision disability.

Abstrak :
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh program bantuan sosial lansia pemda terhadap belanja kesehatan out-of-pocket (OOP) kelompok lansia miskin di Indonesia. Data yang digunakan adalah data Susenas bulan Maret tahun 2020 dengan menggunakan analisis counterfactual. Karena syarat untuk dapat melakukan analisis counterfactual adalah subjek dari penelitian harus memiliki karakteristik yang sama/seimbang, maka data yang digunakan dibatasi pada lansia kelompok ekonomi 40 persen terbawah. Selain itu, dilakukan teknik randomisasi metode Propensity Score Matching-Nearest-Neighbors (PSM-NN) yaitu mengkonstruksi data yang memiliki karakteristik serupa menjadi dua grup yaitu grup yang mendapatkan perlakuan (treatment) dan grup yang tidak mendapatkan perlakuan (grup kontrol). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kelompok lansia miskin yang mendapatkan bantuan sosial lansia pemda memiliki belanja kesehatan OOP lebih tinggi sebesar 28,3 persen dibanding kelompok lansia miskin yang tidak mendapatkan bantuan. Tingginya belanja OOP ini terutama disebabkan oleh peningkatan belanja untuk pengobatan/kuratif. ......This research aims to examine the effect of the local government's elderly social assistance program on out-of-pocket (OOP) health spending for the poor elderly group in Indonesia. The data used is Susenas data March 2020 using counterfactual analysis. What is meant by counterfactual in the context of this research is to compare the actual condition of OOP health spending for the elderly when receiving interventions from local government elderly social assistance and without receiving intervention. Because the requirement to be able to carry out a counterfactual analysis is that the subjects of the study must have the same/balanced characteristics, the data used is limited to the elderly in the bottom 40 percent of the economic group. Moreover, the randomization technique is also carried out using the Propensity Score Matching-Nearest-Neighbors (PSM-NN) method, namely constructing data that has similar characteristics into two groups: the group that received treatment and the group that did not receive treatment. The results of this study indicate that the poor elderly group who receive elderly social assistance from the local government has a higher OOP health spending of 26.6 percent compared to the poor elderly group who do not receive assistance. The high spending on OOP was mainly due to an increase in spending on curative.